Rules of Construction in English Grammar, Part 15
Verbes with an accuſatiue caſe.
An accuſatiue caſe after verbes.VErbes tranſitiues are all ſuch as hauehave after them an accuſatiue caſe of the doer or ſufferer, whether they be actiues, common, or deponent: as, Vſus promtos facit, Vſe maketh men ready or cunning. Foeminae ludificantur viros, Women do mocke men. Largitur pecuniam, He giueth mony.
The examples applied.In this rule are thrée examples. In the firſt the verbe tranſitiue facit hath promtos in the accuſatiue caſe by this rule.
In the ſecond, foeminae ludificantur viros, the verbe tranſitiue ludificantur gouerneth viros in the accuſatiue caſe by this rule.
In the third example, Largitur pecuniam, the verbe largitur doth gouerne an accuſatiue caſe, being a verbe tranſitiue by this rule.
What are verbes tranſitiues.Qu. What call you a verbe tranſitiue?
An. A verbe tranſitiue deriuing his name of tranſeo, to paſſe ouer, is ſuch a verbe as paſſeth ouer his ſignification into ſome other thing, as when I ſay, I louelove God, this verbe louelove paſſeth ouer his ſignification into this word God, which is the thing loued.
Qu. Wherefore ſerueth this note, whereby ſome verbs are termed by the name of tranſitiues?
An. To make a difference betwéene them and certaine other verbs neuters, the which are called intranſitiues, or abſolute, bicauſe they do not paſſe ouer their ſignification into any other thing, but do finiſh it in themſelues: as Dormio, I ſleepe, aegroto, I am ſicke, which verbs and ſuch like do determin their action in themſelues, and do not paſſe it ouer into any other thing, like as verbs tranſitiues do.
Verbes neuters with an accuſatiue caſe.Alſo verbes neuters may hauehave an accuſatiue caſe of their owne ſignification: as Endymionis ſomnum dormis, Thou ſleepest the ſleepe of Endymion. Gaudeo gaudium, I ioy a ioy. Viuo vitam, I liue a life.
The examples applied.In this rule are thrée examples: in the firſt whereof Endymionis ſomnum dormis, the verbe neuter dormio to ſleepe, hath the accuſatiue caſe ſomnum ſleepe, of his owne ſignification after him by this rule.
In the ſecond example Gaudeo gaudium, the verbe neuter gaudeo to ioy, hath after him the accuſatiue caſe gaudium ioy, of his owne ſignification by this rule.
In the third example Viuo vitam, the verbe neuter viuo to liue, hath after him vitam life, an accuſatiue caſe of his owne ſignification by this rule.
A note borowed from the latin.Where note that this accuſatiue caſe after verbs neuters is turned ſomtime into the ablatiue caſe.
An other note borowed from the latin.There are alſo certaine verbs neuters, the which ſomtimes hauehave an accuſatiue caſe, not of their owne ſignification, but this is by a figure called Enallage in the moſt of them: as Viuunt Bacchanalia, for Bacchanaliter.
Verbes with two accuſatiue caſesVerbs of aſking, teaching, and araying, will hauehave two accuſatiue caſes, one of the ſufferer, and another of the thing: as Rogo te pecuniam, I aske thee monie. Doceo te literas, I teach thee letters. Quod te iamdudum hortor, Which thing this good while I exhort thee vntounto. Exuo me gladium, I put off my ſwoord from me.
The examples applied.This rule hath fower examples, the firſt is Rogo te pecuniam, where this verb of aſking rogo hath two accuſatiue caſes, namely te of the ſufferer, & pecuniā of the thing, by this rule.
In the ſecond example Doceo te literas, the verbe of teaching doceo hath by this rule two accuſatiue caſes, namely te of the ſufferer, and literas of the thing.
Quod te iamdudum hortor. In this third example the verbe of aſking hortor hath two accuſatiue caſes by this rule, to wit, te of the ſufferer, and quod of the thing.
In the fourth example Exuo me gladium, this verbe exuo, of araying, or rather indéed of vnaraying, hath two accuſatiue caſes, me of the ſufferer, and gladium of the thing, by this rule.
A note borowed from the latine.Héere note that verbs of aſking do ſomtime turne one of the accuſatiue caſes into the ablatiue caſe with a prepoſition.
Borowed from the latin.Alſo verbs of araying, or vnaraying, do ſomtime turne one of the accuſatiue caſes either into the datiue, or elſe into the ablatiue, without a prepoſition.