Rules of Construction in English Grammar, Part 14
Verbes gouerning a datiue caſe.
Verbes with a datiue caſe.ALl maner of verbs put acquiſitiuely, that is to ſay, with theſe tokens to or for after them, will hauehave a datiue caſe: as, Non omnibus dormio, I ſleepe not to all men. Huic habeo, non tibi, I hauehave it for this man, and not for thee.
The examples applied.In this rule be two examples, in the firſt, Non omnibus dormio, the verb dormio being put acquiſitiuely, doth gouern omnibus in the datiue caſe with this token to, before it in Engliſh, by this rule.
In the ſecond example, Huic habeo, non tibi, the verbe Habeo put acquiſitiuely doth gouerne the datiue caſe tibi, with this ſigne for, before it in Engliſh, by this rule.
This rule is very large, and hath many heads or branches, and therefore vntounto the ſame do belong theſe kind of verbes following ſignifieng
To
1 Profit or diſprofit: as, commodo, to profit, incommodo, to diſprofit, noceo. to hurt.All theſe verbs most commonly hauehave a datiue caſe: and ſometimes they are confirmed with other caſes alſo.
2 GiueGive or reſtore: as, dono, to giuegive, reddo, to reſtore, refero. to giuegive again.
3 Promiſe, or to pay: as, promitto, to promiſe, polliceor, to promiſe, ſoluo. to pay.
4 Command, or ſhew: as, impero, to command, indico, to ſhew, monſtro. to ſhew.
5 Truſt: as, fido, to trust, confido, to trust, fidem habeo. to trust.
6 Obey or to be againſt: as, obedio, to obey, adulor, to flatter, repugno. to reſist.
7 Threatē or to be angry wt: as, minor, to threaten, indignor, to be angry, iraſcor to be angry
8 Compare: as, comparo, to compare, compono, to compare, confero. to compare.
The verbe ſum, with a datiue caſe.Alſo this verbe ſum, with his compounds, except poſſum, as Abſum, to be abſent, adſum, to be preſent, deſum, to be wanting, inſum, to be in, interſum, to be preſent, praeſum, to be chiefe, proſum, to profit, will hauehave a datiue caſe.
Satisfacio, benefacio, malefacio with a datiue caſe.Alſo verbes compounded with theſe aduerbes ſatis, bene, and male: as ſatisfacio, to ſatisfie, benefacio, to do a good turne, malefacio, to do an ill turne, will hauehave a datiue caſe.
A datiue caſe after verbes compound with certaine praepoſitions.Finally, certaine verbs compound with theſe prepoſitions, prae, ad, con, ſub, ante, poſt, ob, in, and inter, will hauehave a datiue caſe: as praeluceo, to excell, or to beare light before one, adiac…o, to lie neere, condono, to pardon, ſuboleo, to ſmellou…, anteſto, to ſtand before, or to excell, poſthabeo, to ſet leſſe by, obijcio, to lay againſt one, inſulto, to leape vponupon, interſero, to put betweene, with many other ſuch like, the which ſometimes are ioined with other caſes alſo.
This rule more ſhortly & more eaſily is thus: This verbe eſt, ſet for habeo, will hauehave a datiue caſe. The examples applied.This verbe Sum, es, fui, may oftentimes be ſet for habeo, to hauehave, and then the word that ſéemeth in the engliſh to be the nominatiue caſe, ſhall be put in the datiue caſe, and the worde that ſéemeth to be the accuſatiue caſe, ſhall be the nominatiue: as, Eſt mihi mater, I hauehave a mother, Non eſt mihi argentum, I hauehave no monie.
This rule hath two examples, the firſt is, Eſt mihi mater, which ſentence being Engliſhed, it appéereth that this verbe eſt is ſet for habeo, and therfore the word I, which in the Engliſh ſéemeth to be the nominatiue caſe, is put into the datiue in the Latin by this word mihi, and mother, which in Engliſh ſéemed to be the accuſatiue caſe, in Latin is the nominatiue caſe by this word mater, by this rule.
In the ſecond example Non eſt mihi argentum, by Engliſhing the ſame it appéereth that this verbe eſt is ſet for habeo, and therfore the word I, the which in the Engliſh ſéemed to be the nominatiue caſe before the verbe I hauehave, in the Latin is after the verbe eſt turned into the datiue caſe tibi, and the word monie, which in Engliſh ſéemed to be the accuſatiue caſe after the verbe hauehave, in Latin is turned into the nominatiue caſe argentum vntounto the verbe eſt by this rule.
An exception from the former rule very darke and hard for a yoong ſcholler.But if ſum (that is the word which commeth of ſum) be the infinitiue moode, this nominatiue caſe ſhall be turned into the accuſatiue caſe; as Scio tibi non eſſe argentum, I know thou haſt no monie.
This rule hath one example, the which one hundreth ſchollers, which thinke themſelues ſom bodie, may at the firſt brunt be peraduenture ſet vp with, and vnles it be thus to be applied to expres the meaning of the exception, I for my part confeſſe that I know not what may be the meaning.
The example applied.In this example therefore, Scio tibi non eſſe argentum, this word argentum is the accuſatiue caſe in conſtruing before the infinitiue moode eſſe, comming of this verbs ſum, in this ſentence in Engliſh, ſet for habeo, the which accuſatiue caſe héere, before the infinitiue moode, if the ſentence were to be vttered by any other moode of the verbe ſum, ſhould in the Latin be the nominatiue caſe, as eſt tibi argentum, thou hast monie, vtinam eſſet illi liber, I would he had a booke, and ſo foorth of the like ſpéeches: where when they are to be made by the infinitiue moode, the word which before in the Latin was the nominatiue caſe, muſt be turned before the infinitiue mood of ſum, into the accuſatiue caſe: as Laetor illi eſſe librum, I am glad he hath a booke, but all this much a doo, and tedious for the little Punies, may be remedied, by teaching them briefely, that when eſt hath in Engliſh the ſignification of habeo, to hauehave, it doth require a datiue caſe.
Sum with two datiue caſes.Alſo when ſum, hath after him a nominatiue caſe, and a datiue, the word that is the nominatiue caſe, may be put alſo in the datiue: ſo that ſum may in ſuch maner of ſpeaking be conſtrued with a double datiue caſe: as, Sum tibi praeſidio, I am to thee a ſafegard. Haec res eſt mihi voluptati, This thing is to me a pleaſure.
The examples applied.This rule hath two examples, in the firſt whereof Sum tibi praeſidio, the word praeſidio which in the Engliſh I am to thee a ſafegard, ſéemed to be the nominatiue caſe after the verb ſum, I am, the which had after it this datiue caſe thee, in Latin tibi, this word I ſay praeſidio is put in the datiue caſe, and ſo hath ſum a double, or two datiue caſes by this rule.
In the ſecond example, Haec res eſt mihi voluptati, this thing is to me a pleaſure, this word voluptati, which in Engliſh after the verbe is, with his datiue caſe to me, ſéemed to bée the nominatiue caſe after the ſame verbe, is put into the datiue, & ſo the verbe ſum hath a double datiue caſe, by this rule. But this rule more ſhortly and eaſily for yoong ſchollers is thus:
The former rule ſet downe ſhorter.This verbe ſum may oftentimes be conſtrued with a double datiue caſe.
Other verbes with a double datiue caſe.And not onelyonly ſum, but alſo many other verbes, may in ſuch maner ſpeaking hauehave a dooble datiue caſe, one of the perſon, and an other of the thing: as, Do tibi veſtem pignori, I giuegive thee a garment for a pledge. Verto tibi vitio, I lay it to thee for a fault. Hoc tu tibi laudi ducis, Thou accountest this for a praiſe vntounto thee.
The examples applied.This rule hath thrée examples, in the firſt, Do tibi veſtem pignori, the verbe do hath two datiue caſes tibi and pignori, tibi of the perſon, and pignori of the thing by this rule.
In the ſecond example Verto tibi vitio, the verbe verto hath a double datiue caſe, tibi of the perſon, and vitio of the thing, by this rule.
In the third example Hoc tu tibi laudi ducis, the verbe ducis hath two datiue caſes, tibi of the perſon, and laudi of the thing, by this rule.