A Complete Christian Dictionary, Dictionary · Part IU – Part IZ
I U.
Iuah]
Iniquity. A City where an Idol was honoured, 2 King. 18. 34.
Iubal]
Bringing, or fading; or, a trumpet. The Son of Lamech, who was the Inventer of the Harp and Organs.
Iubile]
This was to be reckoned after seven times seven years, which made forty nine; beginning on the day of Reconciliation, wherein servants were freed, debts remitted, possessions that had been alienated returned, the Law allowing no further sales; all which were proclaimed with the sound of a Trumpet, of a Rams-horn, and therefore called Jobel, which signifieth a Ram, or Rams-horn, Lev. 25. 8, 9, 10, 11, &c.
;;It noteth the full redemption we have by Christ. The claiming of freedome in the Land this year of Jubile, …, that Christ would one day with his own vovce … full liberty and freedome from the tyranny of sin, … hell, and Satan, Lev. 25. 8, 9, 10. untill 17. thus expounded by Isa. 16. 1. 2. & Isa. 63. 4. and in Luk 4. 21. our Saviour applyeth that of Isa. 61. unto himselfe. This day this Scripture is fulfilled in your ears.
…]
Mighty, or perfect, The Son of Shelemiah, Jer. 38. 1.
Juda]
Confession, or …. The Son of Joanna, Luk. 3. 26, 27. The Son of Joseph, Ibid. 30.
Judab]
;;The same. The Son of Jacob, Gen. 29. 35. by Leah, Gen. 35. 23. A Tribe and Kingdome divided from the ten Tribes, Isa. 7. 6. and often elsewhere. The two Kingdomes of Judah and … joyntly considered, Isa. 1. 1. … Judah. Of the line of Judah came David and Christ, Gen. 49. 9. Judah is the Lyons whelp, Heb. 7. 14. Also the Tribe of Judah, Joh. 18. 5. Judg. 1. 2, 3, 4, 10. & 20. 18. Also the Son of Shenuah, …. 11. 9. The Father of Zerah, Ibid. 24. A Levite, Neh. 12. 8. See vers. 34. 36.
Judah]
2 Chron. 25. 28. In the City of Judah; that is, the City of David, as it is a King. 14. 20. marg.
Judas]
The same with Judah. The Son of Jacob, (called also and most usually Judah) Mat. 1. 2. One of Christs bretheren (or kinsmen) Mat. 13. 55. One that betrayed Christ, Mat. 26. 25. Judas of Galilee, Act. 5. 37. One in …, in … house Saul was, Act. 9. 11. Judas surnamed Barsabas, Act. 15. 25.
Jude]
The same, called also Iudas the Brother of James, Luk. 6. 16. Jude 1.
Judea]
The same. A Countrey, Matth. 3. 1. Act. 2. 9. Sometimes taken for the whole Land of the twelve Tribes, sometime so: Judah and … onelyonly, according to the … of Galilee, …, and other Countreys.
A Judge]
;;A … Governour, or Soveraingue Ruler, who hath all the … in his disposition, and under his …. So is God alone. Gen. 18. 25. Should not the judge of the … doe iustly? In his Church he judgeth the … of Faith, by the voyce and … of Scripture.
;;2. A Deputy Governour, as it were Gods Lieutenant, in the government of the whole world, So is Christ, as Mediator, and he alone. 2 Tim. 4. 1. I charge thee before Christ … shall Iudge the quick and dead. Joh. 5. 22.
;;3. A Governour, that hath generall rule by Gods appointment, … some one people or Nation, to preserve and govern it. Judg 3. 26. God raised them up Iudges.
;;4. A person appointed over criminall causes and civill controversies, to end and determine them by his sentence. 2 Chr. 19. 5. He sets Judges in the Land. Deut. 16. 18. Judges shalt … make thee in all thy Cities. Luk. 12. 14. Who is to hear the causes … parties, Deut. 1. 16. To weigh actions, Ibid 17. and, To execute judgement between man and man, Ezek. 18. 8. They must be well qualified, Deut. 1. 13, 15. Exod. 18. 21. 2 Chr. 1, 2. Ezr. 7. 25. Psal. 2. 10. be …, 2 Tim. 4. 8. not unrighteous, Zeph. 3. 3. …. 18. 6. They are called gods, Exod. 21. 6. Psal. 82. 1, 6. and are to be honoured, Exod. 22. 28. Act. 23. 5. God some times extraordinarily raised up Judges, Judg. 2. 18. Act. 13. 20. … whom he was, Judg. 2. 18. who went out to war, Judg. 3. 10. by whom he delivered his people, Judg. 3. 9. 31. who upheld true Religion, Judg. 2. 19. and were means of peace to Israel, after their victories gotten, Judg. 3. 11, 30. & 5. 31. & 8. 2 S.
To judge]
;;referred,
I. to God; signifieth,
;;1. To rule and govern. Psal. 67. 4. God shall judge the earth with righteousnesse. Psal. 9. 4, 8. Heb. 10. 30. The Lord shall … his people.
;;2. To correct, chastise, or to panish, which is one act of divine government. Psal. 51. 4. That thou mayst be pure … thou judgest. Heb. 13. 4. Adulterers God will judge. ;;Note. This word judge, when it respecteth the godly, … sometime … and affliction for sin, 1 Cor. 11. 31. and sometime deliverance out of affliction, 1 Sam. 24. 15. 2 Sam. 18. 19. both may be implyed, Gen. 30. 6.
;;3. To pronounce a righteous and true sentence upon all things and persons; which is also another act of government. Rom. 2. 16. At that day when God shall judge the world.
;;4. To give defence and preservation against malicious unjust oppressors. Psal. 7. 8. Judge me according to my righteousnesse. … vers. 10. which seemeth thus to expound the word. Psal. 33. 1. Judge me (O …) defend and deliver me. This is also one part of …: it contains, 1. Examination of the …, 2. Giving of sentence, 3. And execution by delivering the oppressed. See 2 Sam. 18. 19, 31. Judg. 3. 10.
;;5. To inquire into, try, and discerne things and persons. Psal. 7. 11. comp. with vers. 9. Psal. 11. 4, 5. The Lords throne is in heaven, his eyes … and try, &c. Also to debate, argue, …, or dispute a thing, and afterward to judge and lay the blame where it is, Gen. 31. 37.
6. To keep authority over, Psal. 82. 1.
7. To recompense, Ezek. 7. 3, 8.
II. To men; signifieth,
;;1. To rule and govern any people. Judg. 4. 4. Debora judged ….
;;2. Truely to understand and … all things as they be. 1 Cor. 2. 15. The spirituall man judgeth all things. 1 Cor. 14. 29. Let two or three speak, and let the other …, that is, descern what is spoken.
;;3. To utter an upright and unpartiall sentence of other men and their doings. Joh. 7. 24. Iudge a righteous judgment, and not according to appearance.
;;4. Rashly and curiously, without any cause or calling, to carp at, and censure other men and their actions. Mat. 7. 1. Judge not, and ye shall not be judged. Rom. 14. 3, 4, 13. Let no man judge his brother; that is rashly … of him, and of his final estate; for that belongs to God onelyonly.
;;5. To approve and allow the last … of the great judgement. 1 Cor. 6. 2. The Saints shall judge the world and the Angels.
;;6. To hear, try, and determine civill causes between a man and his neighbour. 1 Cor. 6. 2. Are ye unworthy to … the least matters? Exod. 18. 13. Moses sate to judge the people.
;;7. To condemne, or to pronounce a judiciall sentence, true or false, 1 King. 4. 28. Psal. 82. 1.
;;8. To accuse, and by a good example to testifie against others. Mat. 12. 41, 42. The men of Nineveh shall rise in judgement against this generation. Rom. 2. 27.
;;9. To declare by deeds, and pronounce sentence against ones self. Act. 13. 46. You judge your selves unworthy of life.
;;10. To use judgement and consideration in the ordering of our life, and actions thereof, that none of them be offensive and hurtfull to the weak Christian. Rom. 14. 13. But judge this rather, that ye put not a stum ling block, &c. When we examine our own doings, and ponder them so judiciously and discreetly, as we may direct them without any offence: this is it which is meant here by judging.
11. To plead for, Ezek. 23. 37. marg. As Magistrates in Civil and Political government, so under the Law of Moses, the Priests were Judges, …. 10. 10. Deut. 17. 8, 9. 2 Chr. 19. 8. as the Priests and Elders in Christs time, Luk. 22. 66. Act. 4. 5, 6. And the Apostles, Act. 15. 19, 20. 1 Cor. 5. 3.
;;The Scripture (in controversies of faith) is a judge and judgeth; that is, giveth sentence, Joh. 12. 48. & Joh. 5. 45, 46. where Christ provoketh to Moses as a Judge between him and the Pharisees. Also, God himself and Christ are said to judge, Joh. 5. 24, 27, 30. Lastly, the true Church of Christ, and every true member of it, hath … of judging, 1 Cor. 2. 15. 1 Cor. 10. 15.
;;But there is great difference between these Judges and their judgements; for God is the supreme Judge and General, infallible. Also (being the first verity essentially, and therefore to be believed for himself:) the Scripture which is Gods voice and word, is also a most certain undeceivable Judge, but subordinate; whose sentence for God himself, who is truth it self, is to be received without contradiction or appellation, as absolute and definitive: but but the Church, Councels provincial or oecumenical, Doctors, Pastors, the faithful, be inferiour Judges, and give judgement assentive, by judg ment of approbation (not of determination) it being their office to receive, repeat, approve, publish the judgement and testimony which Christ hath already given by his Prophets and Apostles.
;;The Pope is so far from being Soveraign, as he is no Judge at all, being a party and guilty.
To judge]
;;To be revenged, to punish, or to take punishment, according to the use of the Heb. tongue. See Gen. 15. 14. Deut. 23. 36. Rev. 16. 5. Because thou hast judged these things.
;;2. To give an upright sentence upon our persons and works, being first laid open. Rev. 20. 12. And the dead were judged according to the things which were written in the Books.
;;3. To moderate and governe his own, by framing and ordering their lives unto justice and righteousness. Revel. 19. 11. He judgeth righteously. These words are drawn from Psal. 96. 10, 13. He shall judge the people in righteousness.
Judge]
I judge him not, Joh. 12. 47. The word foreign here, seemeth to be taken in the sense of accusing, as a Plaintiff or Witness accuseth, and not of condemning, which is the office of a Judge. Dr. Hamm. Annot. d.
Thou that judgest, Rom. 2. 1. Here, and in the end of the vers. and vers. 3. is clearly the Gnosticks Judaizer, who teaches the observation of the Mosaical Law, and accuses the orthodox Christians, who are not circumcised, for breakers of the Law, and yet himself runs riotously into those sins, for the abstaining from which, Circumcision was designed and instituted by God. This judging and condemning of the Gentile Christians was by them taken up from the Jews, who having themselves guilt enough of sins as well as the Gentiles, would yet discriminate themselves from all others, by this or the like character of Legal observances, as by that which should justifie them, or free them from judgement, under which the Gentiles which knew not the Mosaical Law, and were not circumcised, were to lie, and be accursed. thus is the word used, chap. 14. 4. Of the Jewish Christian, that abstained from some sorts of meats, vers. 2. And though he doth that, either out of weakness, as that signifies disease, erroneous seduction, or at least out of infirmity and ignor ance, as thinking himself bound to it by the Mosaical Law (which he believes still to o'liege) and so ought not to be despised or set … nought by him that understands Christian liberty, yet doth very ill in judging all others that do not abstain as he doth. For this is the very same … that is here reprehended in the Jews and Gnosticks, of … all others as men out of Gods favour because they do not what they do, or pretend to do, i. e. observe not the Ritual parts of Moses Law. This is particularly … in the Jews, Mat. 7. 1. and beaten down by Christ as an irrational sin. Dr. Ham. Annot. a.
To judge after the sight of the …, or after the hearing of the ears]
;;signifies to give sentence of all men, not by the gestures, actions, words, professions, or ports, or by any thing which appears in outward shew, but according to the sincerity of the heart, Isa. 11. 3.
To judge his people]
;;To govern the Church by protecting it, and taking vengeance upon the enemies of it, Heb. 10. 30.
Judged]
1 Cor. 5. 3. or Determined, marg. Judgeth, 1 Cor. 2. 15. or Discerneth, marg.
To be judged]
;;To be punished. Mat. 7. 1. Ye shall not be judged.
;;2. To be rashly censured, or lightly esteemed, as one of lesse worth then others. 1 Cor. 4. 3. I passe little to be judged, &c.
;;3. To be called to an account and sifted. Rom. 3. 4. When thou art judged.
;;4. To be tryed, and have his cause known, either to be acquitted or condemned. Act. 25. 10. Where I ought to be judged.
5. To take, esteem, and count to be, Act. 16. 15.
6. To proceed against, Act. 24. 6.
7. To be accused and sentenced, Rom. 2. 12.
8. Truely discerned, 1 Cor. 2. 15.
9. Determined, 1 Cor. 5. 3.
10. Condemned, 1 Cor. 6. 2. & 10. 29.
11. Punished, 1 Cor. 11. 31, 32.
12. Sentence pronounced, either of absolution or condemnation, James 2. 12.
;;The wicked are judged already, Joh. 3. 18.;;
;;1. In Gods decree.;;
;;2. In Gods Word.;;
;;3. In their own consciences.;;
;;4. In inchoation or part.;;
;;Yet shall be again in the last day, Mat. 25. 32, 40, 46. & 16. 27.;;
;;1. By publick and final sentence, 1 Cor. 4. 5.;;
;;2. By raising up of their bodies, Joh. 5. 28.;;
;;3. By their total and eternal perdition of souls and bodies together in hell, Mat. 25. 46.;;
When thou art judged, Rom. 3. 4. contendest. foreign signifies to have a Suit in Law, any civill controversie or …, 1 Cor. 6. 1. Accordingly the word foreign, though it signifies to judge, yet it signifieth often to contend, to plead or manage a cause for one against another, as Ezek. 50. 4. Wilt thou judge them? i. e. Wilt thou plead for them? Dr. Ham. Annot. b.
Judges of evill thoughts]
;;Such as think no rightly in their preferring one before another, but … evill therein. Jam 2. 4. And are become Judges of evill thoughts. This shews what respect of persons is not to be used; namely, first, that which puts a false difference for a true: secondly, that wherein no mean is observed: thirdly, that whereof there is no good end, but … and corrupt, … to curry favour with great and … men. Otherwise, as there be of God sundry degrees appointed among men, who in dignity excell one another, so they are in their several places to be esteemed, that we may witness how we reverence Gods ordinances and gifts.
Judgement]
;;Government of the world. Joh. 5. 22. He hath … all judgement … the Son. Psal. 9. 7. He hath set a throne of judgement. Also, government of his chosen people, Isa. 11. 3, 4. The greatest part consisteth in absolving them from sin, and preserving safe to life eternal, inspiring all his graces into them, that he may live in them, and they in him.
;;2. Chastisement. 1 Cor. 11. 29. Eats his own iudgement. 1 Pet. 4. 17. Judgement begins at Gods …. Isa. 5. 16.
;;3. The merciful moderation or measure which God keeps in chastising his children. Jer. 10. 24. Correct me, but with ….
;;4. Solemn divine action of the last day. Eccl. 12. 14. God will bring every work to judgement. This judgement hath in it three things;
;;First, An equity in all things and persons.
;;Secondly, A laying them open.
;;Thirdly, Pronouncing an upright sentence, Matth. 25. 31, &c.
;;5. The just statutes and commandements of God. Psal. 119. 7, 20. When I shall learn the … of thy righteousness. Psal. 19. 9. Laws and … for humane duties, are called Judgements:
;;1. By them God judgeth of every ones works.
;;2. And executes his judgements.
;;3. And by them we must … all our judgements of our selves and others, and deal accordingly.
;;6. The Spirit of justice and wisdom, enabling to know and discern right and wrong, good and …. Psal. 72. 1. Give thy judgments in the King.
;;7. Wrath, vengeance, and punishment executed upon the wicked. Mat. 5. 22. Shall be … of judgement. And very often elsewhere, Psal. 33. 5.
;;8. The punishment inflicted upon Christ for our sins. Act. 8. 33. In his humility his judgement hath been exalted. As by his humility is meant the grave and bands of death, Christ being most abased, when he lay as one oppressed of death in his prison of the grave: so by Judgement, both the hand and counsel of God most justly afflicting his Son our Surety, in his fierce anger, and that miserable condition which in his life and death he did undergo for sinners.
;;9. That great power and authority which God gave unto Christ the Mediator, to determine and do that which is … and just. Joh. 9. 39. I am come unto judgement into this world. Joh. 16. 11.
;;10. A setled estate, when Religion was committed to the Gentiles, superstition being cast out. Matt. 12. 18. … shall shew judgement to the Gentiles.
;;11. Equity at righteous dealings. Luk. 11. 42. And passe over judgement Gen. 18. 19. Isa. 1. 17. Seek judgement, releeve the oppressed.
;;12. Amendment, or reformation of the world. Joh. 12. 31. Now is the judgement of this world.
;;13. The way and course which God holdeth in governing all and every thing. Rom. 11. 33. How unsearchable are his iudgements?
;;14. Sentence. 2 Pet. 2. 11. Give not railing iudgement. Also a plain and open testimony, Phil. 1. 28. 2 Thes. 1. 5.
;;15. Sentence of damnation and absolution. Jude. 15. To give iudgement against all men.
;;16. Courts and places of judgement. 1 Cor. 6. 4. Ifye have iudgements, &c.
;;17. A power and faculty to discern things wich differ Phil. 1. 6. And in all …. Which signifies both the perceiving, and discerning the things perceived.
;;18. A right sentence given of men and of their actions in Courts of Judgement, publickly or privately, 2 Chro. 19 6. Psal. 82. 2. Give just judgement. Also, cause or right, Isa. 10. 2.
;;19. Instruments of Gods vengeance. Ezek. 14. 21. … I send my four …, &c.
;;20. Famous examples of Gods vengeance. Psal. 84. 21. They shall be glad because of thy ….
21. The wrath, vengeance, and punishment upon the wicked, Mat. 5. 22.
22. Rectitude by administration in bringing confused things into order, Isa. 4. 4. …. 9. 39. & 16. 11.
23. The reward of the godly, at the last day, 2 Thess. 1. 5.
24. Sentence and opinion, 1 Cor. 1. 10.
25. Advice (not counsell) 1 Cor. 7. 25.
Judgement]
Heb. 9. 27. and after this the …, understand this of every mans particular judgement presently upon his death, Annot.
Judgement in one hour]
;;A great and sudden vengeance, even the fall and ruin of Rome, which shall come in a …, when it is not looked for. Rev. 18. 10. For in one … is thy udgement come.
To manfest … judgement]
;;To open and make kno n the … and sure tokens of divine justice, which may declare God unto the whole world, to be a most just Judge. Rev. 15. 4. For thy udgements, &c.
Judgement]
2 Cor. 19. 6. Hebr. in the mater of …, marg. Isa. 56. 1. or Equity, marg. Isa. 59. 8. or Right, marg. 1 Cor. 11. 34. or Condemnation. Comp. the text with the marg. Phil. 1. 9. or Sense marg.
And he shall shew judgement to the Gentiles, …. 12. 18. The word foreign in this place seems to signifie the whole Gospel, the … Religion, the true way of … and obeying God, the will of God under the …, and either is to be rendred truth out of the Hebr. foreign. Isa. 42. 1. (whence those verses are taken) which …. 8. 20. is rendred foreign, truth, (and signifies so when its rendred foreign, …, Jer. 5. 4. Psal. 37. 6.) and foreign. Isa. 32. 62. and oftentimes foreign, righteousness, … is all one with foreign, truth; or else being rendred …, it is to be taken in the same sense as if it were rendred truth, as indeed foreign, iudgement, is the title of the prime Christian virtue, …, or equity in judging, Mat. 23. 23. And either way it here signifies the Gospel, and so vers. 20. also. Dr. Ham. Annot. c
Judgement-ball]
Joh. 18. 28. the iudgement-house, Gr. …, which was the dwelling of the Governour Pilate, … he also held judgement. Dutch Transl. and Annot.
Spirit of judgement]
;;That Spirit by which God judgeth and … the wicked, also saveth and maintaineth the elect: or it signifies a mind desirous to execute judgment and right in delivering his people from the … of their enemies, Isa. 4. 4. By the spirit of judgement, Isa. 1. 27.
;;Such Laws as … annexed to the ten Commandements for … … civilly, have this title prefixed, These are the Judgements which thou shalt set before them, Exod. 21. 1.
… gements true and righteous]
;;Gods deliverances of his Saints; which are true, because they are performed according to his promises; and being fulfilled, by destroying his and their enemies, according to their merits. Hence they become righteous. Rev. 19. 2. For true and righteous are his ….
Judgement-seat]
Mat. 27. 19. or Tribunall. The Originall foreign signifieth a place of speaking in a Sermon, or in Judgement, to which one must ascend by certain steps, from foreign to ascend Leigh Crit. Sac. Men here have theirs, Christ one day will have his Judgement-seat, Rom 14. 10. 2 Cor. 5. 10.
Judith]
Praising, or confessing. The Daughter of …, Gen. 26. 34.
Julia]
Full of … cotton, or full of hairs. The name of a woman, Rom. 16. 15.
Julious]
The same. A Centurion, Act. 27. 1, 3.
Jumping]
Leaping, skipping, hopping, Neh. 3. 2.
Junia]
Of …, or of the … June, as being therein born. A … of Pauls, Rom. 16. 7.
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A tree, whose, leaves are little, small, and hard, growing along the stalks and branches, and are al ayes green, without fall ng … in winter. The fruit is … little berries, which are green at the first, and … black, of a good …, and sweet in taste, which at length wax bitter. At the same time it hath berries both ripe and unripe, great and small together. The bark, leaves, fruit, gum, issuing … are profitable in physick. Under this tree the Prophet sat and slept, 1 King. 19 4. 5. … … mention of some who made use of … roots for their meat, Job 30. 4. Fire being covered with the ashes hereof will continue for the space of a whole year. See Psal. 120. 4.
Jupiter]
Act. 14. 12, 13. & 19. 35. as if it were Juvans pater, the Helping father. foreign The proper name of a faigned god or Idol among the Gentiles; so named … foreign to boil, or be … hot; or, of foreign to water; or, of foreign, as being the Authour of …. He is said to be Son to … and Ops, and born at the same birth with …. Some think that of Jehovah, the Gentiles named the greatest god Jove and Jupiter; that is Jah Father, of the shortest name …, mentioned Psal. 68. 5. and Varro (the learnedest of the Romanes) thought … to … the God of the Jews. Aynsw. on Psal. 83 19.
…
Elephants teeth, 2 Chr. 9. 21. marg. Hereof Solomen made a throne, 1 King. 10. 18. … an hous, 1 King. 22. 39. We read also of Ivory palaces, Psal. 45 8. A Tower of Ivory, …. 7. 4. Benches of Ivory, Ezek. 27. 7. Beds of Ivory, Amos. 6. 4. Vessels of Ivory, Rev. 18. 12.
…]
Luk, 23. 7. That is, power, rule, authority.
Jury]
Luk. 23. 5. Joh. 7. 1. That is, Judea.
…
A … place, the seat of mercy, … the changing of mercy. The Son of Pedaiah, 1 Chr. 3. 20.
Just]
;;One who is righteous by the … … Christs righteousness. Rom. 1. 17. The just shall … saith.
;;2. One who dealeth justly in his particular vocation, as a Magistrate, &c. …. 23. 50. A good man and a just.
;;3. One who indevoureth to live uprightly in his generall calling, as a Christian walking in the righteous Statutes of God. Luk. 1. 6. They … both just before God. Job 1. 1.
;;4. One who in his life and death answers the perfect justice of the Law of God. 1 Pet. 3. 18. He dyed, the just for the unjust.
;;5. One that is exceeding faithfull, keeping his word or promise. 1 Joh. 1. 9. He is faithfull and just to forgive us our sins.
;;6. One who is essentially just, and infinitely the cause of justice in all his creatures. Exod. 9. 37. The Lord is just, &c.
;;7. One who thinketh himself righteous, and is not. Luk, 18. 9 Certain trusted that they were Just.
This is spoken
I. of God, who is just in the mids of his people, Deut 32. 4. Isa 45. 21. Zech. 3. 5. In his doings, Neh 9 3. In his promises, 1 Joh. 1. 9. who hath bestowed on men a just Law, Rom. 7. 12. That they may doe just things, Phil. 4. 8 use just ballances, &c. Lev. 19. 36. that they may escape just damnation, Rom. 3. 8.
II. Of Christ, Isa. 53. 11. Mat. 27. 19, 24. and of his judgement, …. 5. 30.
III. Of Man;
1. Opinionatively, in his owne conceit, Prov. 18. 17. Mat. 9. 13. Luk. 18 9.
2. Really, and in truth, and that both in a cause Isa. 26. 7. & 29. 21. and in person, but none exactly so before God, Job 9. 2. Eccl. 7. 20. Rom. 2. 13. yet of him so reputed and called, Gen 6. 9. Job 1. 1. Luk. 1. 6.
Just]
;;A person that is righteous, by believing in Christ, Heb. 10. 38.
Just, or righteous]
;;One extremely hating bloody cruel men, and punishing … Murtherers, with due punishment of death. Rev. 16. 5. Lord, thou art just (or righteous) &c.
Being a … man, Mat. 1. 19. The word foreign, answerable to the Hebr. foreign, signifies ordinarily works of …, charity. So Deut. 24. 13. foreign, both according to Context, and the … rendring here, is foreign, mercy. So when the Rabbins say there are two Thrones, one of Judgement, the other of Mercy, the latter is so styled by the Author to the Hebrews, chap. 4. 16. So Psal. 112. 9. His …, that is, his … to the poor. So Isa. 58. 7, 8. & Mat. 6. 1. where we now read foreign, it's apparent (by the Vulgar reading … ) that foreign was an ancient reading, and that … … in that place. Proportionably to these acceptions of the word, the … of Joseph here shall signifie not Legal iustice, but … goodness and …, whereof here he made an eminent expression. Dr. Ham. Annot. g.
Of the just one]
Act. 7. 52. that is, Christ. 1 Joh. 2. 1. Act. 22. 14. Christ our righteousness, 1 Cor. 1. 30. In whom only we are …, Rom. 5. 1. Annot.
To be just overmuch]
;;To be deceived by appearance and pretence of Justice, and so to exceed a mediocrity or mean in our actions, whereupon may ensue very great danger. Eccl. 7. 19. Be not thou iust overmuch. … shouldest thou be desolate? Examples of such as to their hurt have trangressed the bounds of Justice, under pretence of dealing justly, or of not partaking in …; we have the man mentioned 1 King. 20. 35, 36. who because he would not seem unjust, by smiting an innocent and godly Prophet (though commanded of God so to do) was devoured by a Lyon. Such a thing was that which Saul did, when he spared the fattest of the … for to sacrifice unto God, 1 Sam. 15. 9. So Timothy by too much abstinence from wine (thinking by such austerity to have reduced the riotous … to temperance) had almost overthrown the … of his body, 1 Tim. 5. 23. … 2 Cor. 2. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. The Corinthians were too severe toward the incestuous man. Serranus thinks that in this sentence of …, is condemned a too great and surly boldness of such, who under pretence of justice and wisdom, do proudly judge of the judgements of God, speaking evill of his works, because of some disorder which appeareth in them: whereof … hath spoken in vers. 17. … and Junius say, that the precept of Solomon calleth upon men to temper and moderate their judgement of themselves, that they neither attribute too much to their own discretion, nor yet too much debase and deject themselves. The Note of Geneva Bible is, that it forbids to boast much of our own justice and wisdom. The first exposition fitteth best both the phrase and circumstances. For (to be iust overmuch) joyned with these words (Wherefore shouldst thou be desolate?) import a dangerous excesse in Justice.
;;Some understand the words not of personal but political Justice, that it be not too severe, but tempered with clemency.;;
The words may be taken for a caution and direction to moderate our zeal with prudence, lest it bring danger upon us, Mat. 10, 16. Annot.
Just and true are thy wayes, Rev. 15. 3. Psal. 145. 17. Just, because thou hast punished Antichrist; and true, because thou hast performed thy promise to thy people. By Gods wayes, his constant workes are …. A similitude taken from a traveller. Annot.
Justice]
;;Referred
…. to God; signifieth,
;;1. That divine property, whereby God being most just in himself, rendreth right to every creature, infinitely rewarding and loving the good; extremely hating and punishing the wicked. Gen. 18. 25. Shall not the Judge of all the world do iust (or right?)
;;2. Gods merciful benefits and protection, Isa. 59. 9. Neither doth justice come near to us.
;;3. Fidelity or truth, in keeping his promise made unto us, touching redemption by Christ. Rom. 3. 26. That he may be iust.
;;Also Justice or Righteousness signifieth, that imputed holiness of Christ, Phil. 3. 9. Also the fruit and reward of justice, mercies, and benefits, is sometime meant by it: as Jude v. 5, 11. Dan. 4. 22. Psal. 112. 9.
;;1. An essential property of God; Actus immanens.;;
;;2. A work of God so called, whereby he … the world, defending and rewarding the good; Actus emanans.;;
;;3. The truth of God, or his fidelity in performing his promises, 1 Joh. 1. 9.;;
;;4. His commandement or precept of righteousness given to man to keep, Jam. 1. 2.;;
;;5. The effects of his active justice in men, viz. their deliverances and rewards.;;
;;6. The working of inherent … or sanctification in us, Psal. 4. 1. Rom. 1. 17. Isa. 53. 11.;;
;;7. The justification of us by the righteousness of Christ imputed to us, Rom. 3. 26.;;
II. To Christ; signifieth,
;;1. The sufferings of Christ for us, by which he perfectly satisfied Gods justice, and so was just toward the Godhead by the passion of his Man-hood. This must be considered as it was in him his office to satisfie, Rom. 3. 26. 1 Cor. 1. 30. This is Christs justice passive from God.;;
;;1. The sufferings of Christ and his satisfaction to the Father for us, not as it was performed by him (for so it is his justice) but as it is derived to us by his imputation of it to us, and as it is received of us by faith, and retained with us by hope and charity. So it is our justice or righteousness passive before God.;;
III. To Men; signifieth,
;;1. That politicall virtue speculiar to Magistrates, which disposeth them to do right to every man, rendring … to whom prayse, and vengeance to whom vengeance, belongeth. Job 29. 14. I put on …. Rom. 13. 2, 3. 1 Pet. 2. 15, 16. This is distributive justice, Luk. 18. 3.
;;2. The morall vertue which moveth men to give to others their due, and deal rightly in matter of bargain and contracts. Gen. 18. 16. He will teach his servants to doe justice. This is commutative justice.
;;3. That grace infused into all Gods children, conforming them in part unto the will of God, both in their nature and actions. Eph. 4. 24. Created in … (… righteousnesse). See ….
;;4. That state of perfect holynesse which Adam received of God in his creation, for himself and his …. This no man now hath in this life.;;
;;5. The estate of holinesse hereafter' in heaven.;;
My justice]
;;signifieth … things;
;;1. A just reward of my labours from the hand of God.
;;2. Just dealing in me, who shall be seen to keep nothing but mine owne, Gen. 30. 33.
Justification]
;;Forgivenesse of sins by the … of Christ, and the imputation of justice by his obedience to the believer. Rom. 3. 16. The gift is of many … … …. vers. 18. The benefit abounded toward all men to the … os life. Here Justification is very strictly used.
;;2. Whatsoever we have from Christ, either by imputation of Faith, or by sanctification of the Spirit effectually renewing us. Tit. 3. 7. That we being … by his grace. In this signification we find the … … … ] used, Rom. 8. 30. Whom he called, them he …. Here Justification is used largely for Sanctification also.;;
;;If it be so, then is there no place for Justification in that place, Rom. 8. 30. Therefore Vocation there being for that which is effectual, containeth, or signifieth Sanctification; after which followeth Justification.;;
;;3. Justification is put for the testification or proof of our Justification; for so must that place be understood, Rom. 4. 25. seeing Christs resurrection doth but confirm it, not cause it.;;
;;4. It may signifie, as privatively the acquitting of the guilty person, upon his repentance and faith, Rom. 4. 5. & 5. 16. so also positively, the commending verbally, and rewarding actually of a godly person for any godly act; and so may we understand our Saviour, Matth. 12. 37. and St. James, Jam. 2. 23, 24, 25.
;;5. … is a Justification by works of true rightecusnesse, but yet not perfect, and therefore the Justification thereby is not to be trusted wholly unto; not at all without the privative Justification, viz. by remission of sins. See Psal. 143. 2. & 32. 1, 2. and Rom. 4. 1, 2, 3, 5. He that is truely sanctified by Christs Spirit, and beleeveth the merits of his death for remission of sins, hath a full and perfect Justification.;;
;;Justification is an action of God, freely, of his one mercy and favour absolving a beleeving sinner from the whole curse … to his sins, and accounting him perfectly just in his sight, unto … life in heaven, through the perfect obedience and sufferings of Christ … to his faith, unto the everlasting praise of … justice, mercy, and truth, Rom. 3. 24, 25. & 4. 5. & 5. 19. 2 Cor. 5. 19. Rom. 4. 4.
;;The efficient cause of Justification is the grace of God; the materiall, is Christ our Redeemer; the formall, … tation of our sins to him, and his justice to us; the helping, instrumentall cause is faith within, and the Gospel without, Rom. 5. 9. 1 Tim. 2. 6. The finall cause is Gods glory, the utmost, our salvation the … end thereof.
;;Justification before God, is not … in all Scripture, to be used for the … of the habit of justice into the souls of the elect, at their first conversion, of unjust to make them habitually just. This is Popish and rotten Divinity, which will have Justification to be understood of and to signifie inherent justice, as Sanctification signifieth inherent sanctity.
Justifie]
;;To absolve and quit one that is accused, from the crime wherewith he is charged, and to pronounce him innocent. Prov. 17. 15. He that condemneth the righteous and justifieth the wicked. …. 12. 37. Isa. 5. 23.
;;2. To absolve and acquite a sinner which believes, from the guilt and punishment of all his sins, and to pronounce him righteous before the tribunall Seat of God, through the imputation of Christs righteousnesse to his faith. In this sense we are said to be justified by faith, and not by works. Rom. 3. 28. Therefore we conclude, a man is … … faith, without the deeds of the Law. Rom. 8. 33. And often elsewhere, both in this Epistle and others, [justifying] is put for our [a solving] from sin, and being pronounced just before God his Judgement-seat. See Act. 13. 39. Isa. 53. 11. The opposition between justifying and condemning, doth confirm this. Rom. 8. 33, 34. Rom. 2. 12, 13. St. Paul searcheth the causes of Justification and St. James seeks the effects, by which it may be found and proved. Paul intreateth of Justification befor God, James of that which is before men.
;;3. To … and manifest him to be just which is so already. …. 2. 21. Was not Abraham our Father justified by works? 1 Tim. 3. 16.
;;4. To commend and acknowledge a thing or person to be just, good …. 7. 35. Wisdome is … of her children. & 10. 39. He willing to … himselfe.
;;5. To over-match, overcome, and exceed others in evill, so as others may seem to be just in comparison of them. Ezek. 16. 51. Thou hast exceeded them in … a'ominations, and hast … them in all thy a'ominatious. Jer. 3. 6.
;;6. To be more just, or lesse unjust. Jer. 3. 11. Israel hath justified her selfe more than Judah.
;;7. To exempt one, and to make him utterly and wholly free from any thing. Rom. 6. 7. He that is dead is … from sin; that is, freed from sin, as some Translations have it.
;;8. To endevour to make himself more just, or to profit and persevere in righteousnesse. Rev. 22. 12. He that is just, let him … be …. Thus it is read in the … … Text. Here it … used of that inchoate and … … nesse, which is … in the regenerate.
;;In all the … Testament, … cannot be …, that the word … … [justifying] is ever used in the … … tongue, otherwise then for [ … ] the person …. Neither in the New Testament, when our [justification] before God is spoken of, hath it any other meaning; and ever found (in this Argument) to signifie, of one evill and unjust, to make him just and good.
;;Note. There is a justification of opinion onelyonly, … that Lawyer in Luk. 10. justified himselfe: and the … in Luk. 16. 15. Secondly, there is another justification in truth and very deed, even before God; and this is twofold:
;;1. Legall, by perfect keeping of the Law, which could give righteousnesse and life eternall to the doers, could any be found that by his owne strength could fulfill it, Rom. 2. 13. & 10. 5.
;;2. Evangelicall; to wit, the perfect righteousness which was in the Man Christ, being imputed to the beleever, Rom. 5. 1.
;;Three reasons out of Rom. 4. why a man cannot be said to be justified by a righteousnesse habituall, …, or inherent, as Papists understand the phrase in Rom. 4. 5.
;;First then, it … not be written, that faith was accounted for righteousnesse, but an infused habit was imputed: whereas he saith not this latter, but the former, vers. 5.
;;Secondly, then Paul would not say that righteousnesse is imputed without the works of the Law, in vers. 6. The elect are justified being sinners and wicked, Rom. 4. 5. Therefore the thing for which they be justified, cannot be their owne inherent justice, Phil. 3. 6. For habituall righteousnesse, or inherent justice, it is a work of the Law, and sticketh in the justified person. But what so …, and is inherent, cannot be said to be imputed, which is understood of something …, and which … … not in us.
;;Thirdly, such as be justified by infused justice, of them it cannot be …, that their sins are covered, forgiven, and not imputed. For habituall justice expelleth and takes away all sin, and hideth it not; whereas a wicked man is justified by hiding and … his sins, vers. 7. And to there, that inherent Justice is all one with Sanctification, which may not be confounded with Justification.
;;The doctrine of Justification by Faith only, without the Works of the Law, is not onelyonly grounded on Scripture, Gal. 2. 28. Rom. 13. 28. but sound Antiquity hath subscribed to this truth. The … (saith … on 1 Cor. 1.) is saved by Faith alone, without Works, receiving gratis the remission of sins. Again, they are freely justified, working nothing, nor making recompense, but justified … Fide, by Faith alone through the gift of God. … Rom. 3. 9. Again, he saith in Rom. 4. … was justified not by the Works of the Law, but Fide sola, by Faith alone.
;;The Apostle (… … ) teacheth the Justification … …, of Faith alone, to be sufficient. In Rom. lib. 3. Thus the Thief and the Publican, and sinfull woman, in Luk, 7. were justified, saith Origen. Also Basil (sola side) by faith alone in Christ, a sinner is justified. This one thing (saith ….) I earnestly affirm, that sides sola, faith alone by it selfe made the Thief safe, and that no works, …, by themselves have ever justified the workers.
;;Hierom on Rom. 4. God justiheth the wicked converting, … … …, and not by works, which he had not: And again, to the Sons of …, faith alone is imputed for righteousnesse.
;; … ad Galat. Faith alone hath in it the power of …. In all which sentences, Faith alone doth not exclude the Grace of God, the Merits of Christ, and the Word and …, but Humane works and merits.
To … is ….
1. …, … …; when a man justifieth …, Luk. 10. 29. & 16. 15.
2. Politickly, in the publick … of Justice; either rightly, Deut. 25. 1. or …, Prov. 17. 15. Isa. 5. 23.
3. Legally, by a mans owne righteousnesse, according to the Law. So the Jews sought to be justified, Rom. 9. 31. & 10. 3. but thus none can be justified, Psal. 143. 2. Rom. 3, 20. …. 2. 16. Thus none attain to the righteousnesse of God, Rom. 9. 31. & 10. 3. yea, them that seek thus to be justified, Christ … nothing and they are faln from grace, Gal. 5. 4.
4. …, Rom. 5. 1. Thus are all believers, Act. 13. 39. Rom. 3. 22, 26. and they are said to be justified by Christ, Gal. 2. 16. by grace freely, through Jesus Christ, Rom. 3. 24. Tit. 3. 7. by faith, Rom. 5. 1. Gal. 3. 8. by his bloud, Rom. 5. vers. 9. by his knowledge, Isa. 53. vers. 11.
This act is spoken,
1. Of Man justifying man; that is, doth absolve, clear, acquit, and that Publickly, as a Judge in Court, Deut. 25. 1. Prov. 17. 15. Privately, as a private person, Job 33. 32.
2. Of Man justifying God, Luk. 7. 29. namely in believing and thankfully acknowledging righteousness to him, and praising him for the performance of his promises.
3. Of Christ justifying Man, Isa. 53. 11. namely, by acquitting him before God, from the guilt and punishment of sin.
4. Of Christ justified in the Spirit; that is, his divine power gave him approbation, 1 Tim. 3. 16.
5. Of the children of wisdom, justifying it; that is, exhibiting honour due unto it, Mat. 11. 19.
6. Of God justifying Man; which is, not to impute sin, to cover it, and to forgive the sinner in Christ, Rom. 8. 33.
To justifie the wicked]
;;To absolve a wicked man from his guilt, and pronounce him just, so as he believe in Christ. After which, he remaineth not wicked, but is now accounted just with God, by imputation of Christ his justice unto him, and worketh just things towards men, by inchoate and unperfect sanctification. Rom. 4. 5. To him which believeth in God, who justifyeth the wicked.
;;The declaration, confirmation, and consummation of the free imputation of the perfect righteousness in Christ, is attributed in Scripture unto the Resurrection of our Saviour Christ, Rom. 4. 25. because it is the perfection of all his sufferings. For, whatsoever his sufferings were for continuance, greatness, and multitude; yet had he not risen again, the redemption of mankinde had still been imperfect; whereas in that after death, he did again restore his body to life; this sheweth him to be a full conqueror of all our spiritual enemies.
Iustified]
Rom. 6. 7. Freed. Comp. the text with the marg.
To be justified by the Law]
;;To desire, or to be willing to be, (as did some Galatians) or to glory and boast of being justifyed by the observation and works of the Law (as the Pharisee did, in Luk. 18.) Gal. 5. 4. Whosoever are justified by the Law, &c.
;;The nature and force of the Law, is to kill, and to be a Minister of wrath and eternal death to all which break it, (as all men do, both before and after grace received,) so far off it is from power to justifie and to give life. Also in the phrase and language of Paul, to be justified by Works, is, to have such perfect obedience and holiness, as may deserve the testimony of righteousness, before the Tribunal seat of God.
;;Note: When we are said to be justified by Faith, and to attain righteousness by or through Faith, understand it instrumentally: but where it is written, Faith is accounted for righteousness, take it to be spoken correlatively, with reference to Christs merit, which is our justice.
Iustifier]
Rom. 3. 26. One justifying.
Iustle]
To dash, bruise, or squash, Nah. 2. 4.
Iustly]
That is, rightfully, righteously, agreeable to equity, Mic. 6. 8. Luk. 23. 41. 1 Thess. 2. 10.
Iustus]
Just, or virtuous. The surname of Joseph, called …, Act. 1. 23. One who worshipped God, into whose house Paul entred, Act. 18. 7. One Jesus mentioned Col. 4 11.
Iuttah]
Turning away. A City, Josh. 21. 16.
Iuyce]
I would cause thee to drink of spiced Wine, of the juyce of my Pomgranate, Cant. 8. 1. or the new liquor, the sweet Wine, (which hath the name of treading or pressing out) of the Pomegranates or Grapes. Hereby she signifieth that the Word should not be fruitless in her, but that she would honour Christ with her graces, and render unto him such fruits of faith, as should be sweetned and spiced with his own Spirit in her, and wrung out of her by the same. Whiles she hath fellowship in his afflictions, see Prov. 9. 1, 5. Isa. 55. 1, 3. Cant. 4. 10. & 5. 1. This juyce and Wine spiced with the truth, faith, grace and Spirit of the Lord, is contrary to that cup in the womans hand, full of abominations, and filthiness of her fornication, the heresies, Idolatries, and other fruits of the flesh, with which … the inhabitants of the earth were made drunk, Rev. 17. 2, 4. Aynsw.
I Z.
Izbar]
Clearness, oyl; or, pertaining to none. The Son of Kohath, Exod. 6. 18. Of him the family of the Izeharites, Numb. 3. 27. or Izharites, 1 Chr. 24. 22.
Izrahiah]
The Lord ariseth; or, the clearness of the Lord. The Son of uzzi, 1 Chr. 7. 3.
Izrahite]
Shamuth thus named, 1 Chr. 27. 8.
Izreel]
The seed of God; or, the dropping down of Gods friendship; or, the sprinkling upon the shepherd of God. A City, Josh. 19. 18.
Izri]
To him befel the fourth lot, 1 Chr. 25. 11.
Izrites, or Iezerites]
Numb. 26. 49. A fastening; or, a making of earth; or, tribulation; or, making narrow; or, sorrowful.