A Preservative of Piety, Part 1 · Chapter 3

A Preservative of Piety · Part 1 · Chapter 3

p. 46CHAP. III. Of the Estimation due to the Ministers of Christ.

COnsidering the great dishonour that hath been poured upon Ministers of late, I mean, not only a rude reproach of their Persons (such as there hath ever been by profane men) but a deliberate and studied contempt both of their Persons and their Calling: not only vomitted (as it was wont to be) out of the Tavern, or Alehouse; but vented from the Pulpit and Press, and that by men professing godliness; there will therefore be need enough (after I have spoken of the Word and Sacrament) to write something to reduce and compose the mindes of Christians to that reverence that is due to the Lords Officers, who are by his appointment and authority to preach the Word, administer p. 47the Sacraments, and (generally) the persons to whom the dispensation of Church-Ordinances is committed.

For which purpose, my work shall be only to open and treat upon one Text of Scripture, which fully and powerfully sets forth the honour due from the people of God unto the Ministry, and (in special) such as labour amongst them.

The Text is, 1 Th…ss. 5, 12, 13 —

And we beseech you, Brethren, to know them which labour amongst you, and are over you in the Lord, and admonish you. And to esteem them very highly in love for their works sake.

In which words we have set down both Ministers office and Peoples duty. The Office of Ministers is described and set forth in three things.

1. They are such as labour, which is principally in the Word and Doctrine (a)(a)1 Tim. 5.17.1 Tim 5:17.

2. They are over the people of God, that is, it is their office to rule over them, to wit, in the Lord, which shews, that it is by autho…ity from the Lord (b)(b)1 Cor. 5.4.1 Cor 5:4, and that it must be acco…ding to Gods Word and Will (c)(c)Ephes. 6.1. Both these Scriptures shew what [in the Lord] notes.Eph 6:1, unto which all their ruling power (whether in Doctrine, or Discipline) is to be conformed, and thereunto to be confined.

3. They are to admonish; to wit, for the better speeding of their work, in the two former parts of their office, that is, Preaching and Ruling; For,

1. Teaching shews the right and the good way (d)(d)1 Sam. 12.23.1 Sam 12:23; and then, admonition is as a goad, and a nail (e)(e)Eccl. 12.11.Eccl 12:11to hasten the Travellour, and fasten the Truth in the heart of the Hearer; Teaching informs, and Admonition forms the minds and manners of the people of God to what is taught them from God.

2. Ruling chargeth and presseth upon People the command of Christ, with presenting (f)(f)1 Cor. 4.21.1 Cor 4:21, and inflicting (if there be a necessity of it) Church-censures (g)(g)& 5.5.. Now in this case, admonition is of use to prevent rigor (h)(h)1 Cor. 4.21. & 2 Cor. 13.2.1 Cor 4:212 Cor 13:2, (as Parents p. 48warnings are to prevent correction) or to sweeten severity if it be not prevented, by letting men know the good and gain that is in it (i)(i)Mat. 18.15.Matt 18:15, as the sweet words of parents heal the stripes of children; And lastly, it serves to procure the better success to any severer course, John 5.14. 2 Thess. 3.15.

Of the Office of Ministers I shall say no more, but (to make the better way to peoples duty) must needs grant, that if a Minister perform not, takes no care to perform, makes no conscience of performing these parts of his office, then (though honour be alwayes due to his calling, yet) he deprives himself of that honour which otherwise would accrue and be due to his person in reference to that calling; for the honour is tied to the well-performing of the office: The Elders that rule well, are they that are worthy of double honour (k)(k)1 Tim. 5.17.1 Tim 5:17; There's a sad saying for bad Ministers, and that is, that they are made contemptible and base before all the people by the Lord of Hosts himself (l)(l)Mal. 2.8, 9.Mal 2:8Mal 2:9.

I shall now somewhat more largely insist on the duty of people towards Ministers, which is 1. more general, viz. to know them. 2. More particular, so to know them as to esteem them very highly in love for their works sake.

This precept of knowing the Lords labourers, may be laid open in three particulars, 1. know them with observation, 2. with approbation, 3. with imitation.

IFirst, know them with observation] or with good consideration, for they are said not to know, that do not consider; first, God sayes, They regard not, they consider not, and then they have no knowledge (m)(m)Isa. 5.12, 13 & 1.3. Deut. 4.39.Isa 5:12Isa 5:13Isa 1:3Deut 4:39: so that this knowledge hath in it, a considerate taking notice of those that labour in the work of the Ministry, As (to name some particulars) there should be an obse…ving of their calling, doctrine, and carriage:

11. Of their calling]: for a right and religious respect to Ministers, is founded in knowing and observing that God hath called them to an office distinct from all other offices, and which it is not lawful for any to meddle with, but such as are duly called (n)(n)Heb. 5.4.Heb 5:4.

p. 49To omit other parts of a Ministers calling, it were well if it were known, That the preaching of the Word belongs to them only; yet, I shall not deny, but that in some extraordinary cases, (as in time of persecution, and when Ministers cannot be had) and on some special occasion (as for t…yal of those that are towards the Ministry) and with some extraordinary caution, that is, there being hearers able and appointed to judge of what they speak; I say, in such cases something may be granted, and there may be some allowance to speak in publick given to persons uncalled, or not yet called (o)(o)And yet none of these speak with that authority that an ordained Minister hath; so there is a difference in that still.. But ordinarily and when there is a setled state of things, a Ministers calling is distinct from all other callings as to the matter of publick preaching; as appears evidently by those Scriptures which present the preaching of the Word as the principal and most considerable part of a Ministers work; for to them it is that Jesus Christ (who hath all power given him) giveth out power and commission to go and teach, as well as administer the Sacraments (p)(p)Matt. 28.18, 19.Matt 28:18Matt 28:19; so that others may no more teach (as Gods officers do) then baptize; yea, Paul saith, Christ hath sent me not to baptize, but to preach the Gospel (q)(q)Tan…um indicat quid esset in sua vocatione praecipuum, Calv. in 1 Cor. 1.17.1 Cor 1:17, that is, not chiefly to baptize: for (otherwise) the Apostles were both to teach and baptize (r)(r)Mat. 28.19Matt 28:19, but Preaching was their chief work. And the name of those whom Christ hath given to his Church (for continuance) are Pastors and Teach…rs (s)(s)Ephes. 4.11, 12.Eph 4:11Eph 4:12, that's their distinct office; all Saints are not such, but there are some such for the perfecting of the Saints and the work of the Ministery, so that their work lies in teaching; they are men that labour in the Word and Doctrine (t)(t)1 Tim. 5.17.1 Tim 5:17, that's their great business). And to them the Word of reconciliation is committed; not to all, nor any other (unless they can prove themselves the Lords Ambassadors (u)(u)2 Cor. 5.19.2 Cor 5:19.

Against this, it may be objected, Object.That Christians also are to teach and admonish (x)(x)Col. 3.16.Col 3:16.

Unto which I answer,Answ.

1. That it doth not appear in Scripture, that it is committed 1to them to declare all the counsel of God to the people of God (which yet is a Ministers work, Act. 20.27.) p. 50Nor can they be (ordinarily) able to do it, being not educated to it, and having (or being such as ought to have) other callings, so that they cannot give themselves wholly to this work (as a Minister is bound to do (y)(y)1 Tim. 4.15. 2 Tim. 2.4.1 Tim 4:152 Tim 2:4; and the…efore cannot sufficiently and constantly perform it: especially considering that when it comes to be looked upon as a common priviledge to appear in publick teaching, the more insufficient will step up first.

22. Nor is it any where required of private Christians to open and apply Scripture to a Congregation met together for the solemn worship of God (z)(z)See, Jus d…vinum Ministerii Evangelici. p 67.: for then it were a sin in them not to do it, and would cast many under a great and long guilt.

33. Though they may and ought to teach as it is a Christian duty, yet they neither may nor can preach with Ministerial authority, and as in Christ's stead (a)(a)2 Cor. 5.20.2 Cor 5:20, because they be not Ambassadours; they have no call to it, nor commission for it: And others being commanded to whom it appertaineth, even that excludes them. It may be said, It pertaineth not to thee [O private Christian], though a King (b)(b)2 Chr. 26.18.2 Chr 26:18, Thou art not separated from the Congregation of Israel (c)(c)Num. 16 9.Num 16:9, to preach to a Congregation.

Object.If it be said, That they profess they preach only as gifted Brethren, and challenge not to themselves the calling and authority of Ministers.

Answ.To this I answer, That (notwithstanding this) there are two evils attend their preaching, a loss and a danger.

11. There is a loss in it (if there be any in office to teach) and that because they have no such promise of direction, assistance, and blessing as called Ministers have (d)(d)Joh. 16.13. Matth. 28.20.John 16:13Matt 28:20, for doing good to those to whom they speak; so their hearers are losers.

22. And a danger also; for if they happen to deliver any thing unsound, as such divers times do (either through ignorance or faction) then common hearers (as we see by sad experience in these late times) will be more ready to receive an Error from them then a Truth from a Minister; and when they have received it, they do so eagerly run away with it, p. 51that there will hardly be any prevai…ing means to get it out: Fo…, such is the corruption of nature, and so doth Satan put on, because it makes for his Kingdom, that an uncalled person is by many better accepted then one called, and the novelties and curiosities which such use to vent, take more with them, then the solid doctrine, and plain and saving truths, delivered by the Lords Messengers.

But (may some say); Object.It is not good that the Church should want the ben…fit of their gifts.

I answer, That besides the making use of them in their Families (a duty, I fear,Answ. too much neglected by those that are forward to shew themselves in publick) they have further liberty and opportunity to exercise them in Christian meetings and conferences,; And yet the…e also is a danger, for weak Christians that have honest hearts are soon misled by men high in their parts (but not right in their judgement, nor low in their hearts), if there be not Ministers, or others sound in the faith, present in the meeting to prevent infection. Unto this I add, That if there be (indeed) any private Christians that are eminently gifted, the Press is open, though the Pulpit be shut.

Thus far of the first thing, that is, of knowing Ministers with a knowledge of observation in regard of their calling, wherein I have been more large, because of the experience we have had (of late) of the extreme evils of arbitrary and li…entious preaching, which hath fill'd the L…nd wi…h absurd and dangerous Errors, from the one end of it to the other; yea, and other Countries also. I come now to speak of the observing

2. Of their Doctrine; The Apostle is plain in this, when he saith▪ Consider what I say (e)(e)2 Tim. 2.7.2 Tim 2:7; yea, our Saviour himself, 2who saith, Take beed what you hear (f)(f)Mar. 4.24.Mark 4:24; Christians are so to heed what they hear, as to search it (…s the Bereans did (g)(g)Act. 17.11.Acts 17:11; and finding it by search▪ to be sound and good, to hold it fast (h)(h)1 Th…ss 5.20, 21.. This shews Prophesying is not de…pised 1 Thess. 5.20.

p. 523. There should be an observing of their carriage; of this knowledge the Apostle speaks, when writing, to Timothy, he tells him, Th…u hast fully known, not only my doctrine (which belongs to the former branch), but also my manner of life, &c. (i)(i)2 Tim 3.10.2 Tim 3:10. And in another place, Mark them that walk so as ye have us for an ensample (k)(k)Phil. 3.17·Phil 3:17, of which this construction may be made, Take it for an assured sign (l)(l)Di…lat. in loc.of good Pastors, when they study to conform themselves to mine example in all things. And so one good use of observing their car…iage is discovered, which is thereby to be confirmed in this, that they are faithful Ministers, and accordingly to be respected.

Hi…herto of the knowledge of Observation.

IISecondly, Ministers are to be known with a knowledge of approbation; And thus this word [know] is often used in Scripture, as when it is said, The Lord knoweth the way of the righteous, that is, approves it (m)(m)Psal. 1. ult.Ps 1; and David, I will n…t know a wicked man, that is, shew him any countenance (n)(n)Psal. 101.4.Ps 101:4: so saith Paul, That which I do, I know not, that is, I allow not (o)(o)Rom. 7.15.Rom 7:15. In like manner, the word used here, doth not signifie simply to know, (that's soon done) but to acknowledge (p)(p)1 Cor. 16.18.1 Cor 16:18, own them, and to see that be given them every way which is due to them in their places. In such a sense the original word here used, is taken 2 Cor. 5.16. We know no man after the flesh, that is, do not esteem, reckon or judge of him according to his outward and carnal relations: In like sort, a Minister is not to be judged of according to the outward appearance (q)(q)Joh. 7.24.John 7:24, but to be known and look'd upon with all approbation, in regard of his Office, if he be duly called; and of his doctrine, if it be the Word of God (r)(r)1 Thes. 2.13.1 Thess 2:13, and his carriage, if it be according to that Word, 1 Sam. 12.4.

3Thirdly, There should be also a knowledge of imitation: thus Timothy was to know Paul's manner of life (s)(s)2 Tim. 3.10.2 Tim 3:10, or, so as to imitate it, and make Paul his pattern; Thus all Christians are to remember and observe Church-guides, so as to follow their faith (t)(t)Heb. 13.7.Heb 13:7, and mark them so as to be like them p. 53in an holy and heavenly life, Phil. 3.17. One way wherein Ministers are over their People, is to go before them as good examples, their Hearers therefore should hasten after them.

I come now to the next duty of Christians to their Ministers, which is to esteem them highly in love for their works sake, which yet may be comprehended under the knowledge already spoken of (u)(u)Officium Auditorum primum indicat obscurè Metalepsi, dum inquit Rogamus ut agnoscatis: Post cla…è, inquiens ut habeatis in summo pretio. Hemming. in loc.: because a right, affectionate, and effectual knowledge brings forth this estimation. Concerning which observe, that, for the degree of it, it must be very high; for the nature and quality of it, it must be in love; and for the ground of it, for their works sake.

1. The Degree.

The due esteem of Ministers appears to be great and high; for it is expressed and required in very high words in the Original (x)(x)foreign., shewing they are to be esteemed exceedingly, as the same words are translated, 1 Thess. 3.10. One sayes, More then exceedingly, as you would say, excessively (y)(y)Leigh. Crit. Sacr.(not as excess is a vice, but as it implies an height, and exuberancy of respect). That which comes nearest the l…ter of the Text, is; Esteem them above that which is abundant (z)(z)Ar. Mont. super ex abundan…i., or which most exceeds; or (as Beza) above redundantly (a)(a)Beza Schol. in Ephes. 3.10.Eph 3:10.

This high Estimation is seen and shewed in many particulars.

1. In looking upon them as servants of the most high 1God, which shew unto men the way of salvation (b)(b)Act. 16.17.Acts 16:17, for although those words were spoken from the Devil (who neve… meant that God should be a gainer by his being a Professor) yet they do (as others in such sort spoken of Christ (Luk. 8.28.) contain in them a clear truth; And the Spirit of God also speaks in Scripture of the Ministers of Christ to the same effect, Mark. 16.15, 16. Rom. 1.1.16. Servant of the Lord, is a Ministers name, 2 Tim. 2.24. And to shew the way of salvation, that's his Office, Luk. 1.76, 77, 79. 1 Cor. 15.1, 2. 1 Tim. 4.16.

p. 5422. In giving them reverence; so it is said that the Corinthians received Titus with fear and trembling (c)(c)2 Cor. 7.15. 1 Sam. 16.4.2 Cor 7:151 Sam 16:4, that is, with mu…h reverence. The titles and usage of the Old Te…tament may shew this, where one P…ophet is called, an honourable man, 1 Sam. 9.6. another, an holy man of God, 2 King. 4.9 And respect was shewed unto them accordingly, …n… very a bundantly (d)(d)The King comes to v…sit the Prophet, 2 King. 13.14. and weeps over him.2 Kgs 13:14, 1 King. 18.7. 2 King 4.37. Not but that there is a difference between extraordinary Officers and ordinary, (and therefore we press not the same expressions of reverence); but yet the Calling and substance of the Office being the same, to wi…, inasmuch as both are sent of God to deliver his mind and message to his people, a suitable reverence is still required, that is, in the generality, and for the reality of it. In the New Testament, Ministers are called Stewards, and that's an high office (e)(e)Mat. 24.45. Rule…s over his houshold.Matt 24:45, and Ambassadors, and that's an honorable Office, especially it being in Christs stead, 2 Cor. 5.20. In the Old and New Testament both, the ordinary title is, a man of God (f)(f)1 Sam. 9.6. 2 King 1.9, 10. 1 Tim. 6.11. 2 Tim. 3.17.1 Sam 9:62 Kgs 1:92 Kgs 1:101 Tim 6:112 Tim 3:17. Now, all are men of God (i. e.) of his making; and good men more, because they are twice made, Ephes. 2.10. but Ministers most, being not only of God by creation, or sanctification▪ but by separation and de…gnation to a peculiar Office, whe…ein their whole work is to deliver those errands, and do those acts between God and man, which are charged upon them by their highest Lord. Is a Minister thus, a man of God? then, reverence the man, because of the God.

33. In seeking and having recourse to them. It's an honor to have Patients and Clients, and hearers, 1 King. 4.34. & 10.3. This address to Ministers may be, 1. for counsel, instruction, and resolution, because G…d gives Pastors to feed with knowledge and understanding (h)(h)Jer. 3.15.Jer 3:15, and people should seek the Law at their mouth (i)(i)Mal. 2.7.Mal 2:7. Thus did the woman of Samaria, when she perceived Christ was a Prophet, Joh. 4.19, 20. Thus were the Apostles sought, when Ch…istians dissen…ed, Act. 15.2. And thus Paul was written unto by the Corinthians, 1 Cor. 7.1. 2. For comfort, so did the Elders of Samaria come to Elisha his house, when the famine was so extream p. 55in Samaria, and sate with him; no doubt, to hear what comfort he could give them (k)(k)2 King. 6.32.2 Kgs 6:32. And this is an honour, to be looked upon, as one of a thousand, Job 33.23. as one that hath the tongue of the learned, to know how to speak a word in season to the weary soul, Isai. 50.4. 3. For Prayer, Jam. 5.15. as they did to Isaiah (l)(l)2 King 19.2, 3, 4.2 Kgs 19:22 Kgs 19:32 Kgs 19:4, that he might midwife them (as it were) when they knew not what in the world to do, nor was there any strength to bring forth. This is an honour, to be esteemed Masters of requests; such as Ministers are, or ought to be, Gen. 20.7. Isa 62.6, 7. Ezek. 14.14.

4. In yielding obedience, and being subject to them in the 4Lord: This God expresly requireth, Heb. 13.7. 1 Cor. 16.16. And not to hear obediently, is to despise (m)(m)Prov. 1.25, 30. Luk. 10.16. Act. 13.41.Prov 1:25Prov 1:30Luke 10:16Acts 13:41, He that despiseth you (saith Christ) to wit, in not hearing, despiseth me. If Ministers speak not according to the Word, nor they, nor an Angel from Heaven, is to be esteemed and obeyed (n)(n)Gal. 1.8.Gal 1:8: but if they give commandements by the Lord Jesus, then, he that despiseth, despiseth not man but God (o)(o)1 Thess. 4.1, 2—8.1 Thess 4:11 Thess 4:2. It was a great Kings, great unhappiness and sin, that he humbled not h…mself before Jeremiah the Prophet, speaking from the mouth of the Lord (p)(p)2 Chr. 36.12.2 Chr 36:12. How much better did they that so obeyed the words of the Lord, delivered by a man of God, (even when they had gathered an Army of an hundred and fourscore thousand chosen men, and that, to regain a Kingdom) as utterly to desist f…om that design (q)(q)2 Chr. 11.1, 2, 3, 4.2 Chr 11:12 Chr 11:22 Chr 11:32 Chr 11:4. I grant, such Messages were extraordinary, but Gods Word, is Gods Word still.

5. In incouraging and c…mforting them, as Hezekiah did the Levites, 2 Chron. 30.22. And godly men, Paul, Col. 4.11. 5This is done more particularly, 1. By a Christian receiving and entertaining of them, as there is occasion, with gladness; such receiving and holding in reputation go together, Phil. 2.20. so it is said of Timothy, See he be with you without fear, and then, let no man despise him (r)(r)1 Cor. 16.10, 11.1 Cor 16:101 Cor 16:11. 2. In looking to them, especially in their low estate, as Obadiah hid, and fed the Lords Prophets (s)(s)1 King. 18.4. Mat. 10.41.42.1 Kgs 18:4Matt 10:41Matt 10:42. 3. In standing by them when they are in suffering condition for the Church of p. 56God, which when some did not, Paul prayes for a pardon (t)(t)2 Tim. 4 16.2 Tim 4:16, for it was a great sin; but, when Onesiphorus did it (u)(u)2 Tim. 1.16, 18.2 Tim 1:162 Tim 1:18, he prayes for a reward, for it was a great duty and honour to Paul.

66. In giving them maintenance, which is expressed in Scripture by the name of Honour (x)(x)1 Tim 5.3, 4.17, 18.1 Tim 5:31 Tim 5:41 Tim 5:171 Tim 5:18. To honour Father and Mother, is to do for them, to relieve and maintain them, Mar. 7.10, 11, 12. This ought to be an encouraging maintenance, that they may be encouraged (as Hezekiah speaks) in the Law of the Lord; (i. e.) in doing their duty. To with-hold dues is but to be peny-wise (y)(y)Mal. 3.10.Mal 3:10, for it makes God to shut up windows, even the windows of Heaven; yea, it raiseth a cry which reacheth to Heaven: for, sure, The hire of the labourer, which reapeth down the Lords fields (z)(z)Joh. 4.35, 36.John 4:35John 4:36if it be kept back by fraud, cryeth, and the cry entreth into the e…rs of the Lord of Sabboth, Jam. 5.4. And the return from Heaven is, Ye are cursed with a curse, for ye have robbed me, Mal. 3.9. Here's no room (a)(a)See Railing rebuk'd, and therein arguments for Tithes in answer to a Quaker, p. 33.to dispute whether Tithes be due by divine right; an incouraging maintenance is due, by divine right, and Tithes with us, are that maintenance, and that may suffice.

7. In not receiving, lightly and hastily, any accusation against 7them, 1 Tim. 5.19. They should rather be pleaded for (as Michaiah was by Jehosap…at, when a King spake against him), and in that way Christians should save Ministers, and ought to discharge them of, a more unhandsome pleading for themselves, 2 Cor. 12.11.

88. In shewing a regard, and doing honour to those that have deserved well of the Church of God, even after their death (b)(b)Not using them as the Papists did Bucer, Phagius, and divers others; whom they took out of their graves, and burned., as they buryed J…h…iada in the City of David among the Kings, because he had done good to Israel, both towards God, and towards his house, 2 Chron. 24.16. So the old worse Prophet, laid the carcass of the young better Prophet in his own grave (c)(c)1 King. 13.30, 31.1 Kgs 13:301 Kgs 13:31, with mourning and lamentation, and gave order that himself might be buryed in the same Sepulchre; concerning whom also Josiah (of whom he prophesied) gave this charge, Let no man move his bones (d)(d)2 King. 23.17, 18.2 Kgs 23:172 Kgs 23:18. A convincement of this may be observed in the hypocritical p. 57honour that the Scribes and Pharisees did the dead Prophets in garnishing their Sepulchres (e)(e)Mat. 23.29.30.Matt 23:29Matt 23:30. And in others (like them) who commen… …me faithful Ministers when they are dead, that they may save their credit; whilest they hate those like them, being yet alive.

If any think much, that so much is spoken of this argument and Ministerial advancement, they may please to remember whose words they are that are recorded & written in this Text, (Are they the words of God, or are they not?) And withall, to consider, that (howsoever the Lords labourers know it to be their lot to be made the filth of the world, and the off-scouring of all things (f)(f)1 Cor. 4.13.1 Cor 4:13and therefore prepare for, and submit to, such a condition, yet) Christians Edification and Salvation is laid up in Ministers Estimation; for, Who will be advised by him that he thinks to be a fool? or ruled by him whom he takes to be a Tyrant, or one that loves to take upon him? or be admonished by him whom he accounts one that affects to be a fault-finder? Now if the counsel and instructions of Ministers be not reverenced, nor their directions obeyed, nor their admonitions regarded; how shall people be edified or saved? I proceed now, to the next thing, viz.

2. The nature and quality of this Estimation; It must be, in love.

That general precept may be applyed to this purpose, Let all your things be done with charity (g)(g)1 Cor. 16.14.1 Cor 16:14, but that in Titus comes nearer, Greet them that (do not only prize us, but) love us in the faith (h)(h)Tit. 3.15.Titus 3:15, so did they that wept sore over Paul, and kissed him (i)(i)Act. 20.37.Acts 20:37, both signs of love (k)(k)Luk. 7.44, 45, 47. Joh. 11.35.Luke 7:44Luke 7:45Luke 7:47John 11:35.

Not is it without cause that love is put in as an ingredient into the estimation of Ministers, for there may be a great estimation without a gracious affection; For it may arise, 1. From convincement, to wit, of the respect due unto them in their places, especially if they be men (above others) dignified. Or, 2. From contentment, and satisfaction, in regard of their greater parts and abilities, if they be men better gifted, and more accomplished. 3. From morality▪ p. 58and a love of vertue, to wit, if they be men of an unblameable life, of an ami…ble carriage, given to hospitality, &c. Thus even Herod feared, that is, reverenced John (l)(l)Mar. 6.20.Mark 6:20, and was an observant hearer of him; no marvel, he being a man famous among the people and of great account; and one of an excellent spirit and rare ability and power …n preaching; and withal, a just and holy man, and of known integrity in his life. But, notwithstanding all his high esteem of him, he had so little love to him, that he cut off his head at last; for he could not abide him as an Admonisher, Luk. 3.19.

Honour on such grounds as these (as that which is given out of fear rather then love and good will) may (as Ambrose saith (m)(m)Bulling. in 1 Thes. 5.13. ex Ambros.1 Thess 5:13,) be beneficial, for the present, to him that receives the honour (he may be encouraged by it, and it may be some advantage to him in his work); but it will never be profitable for the future to him that gives it. All done out of by-ends, is like Hypocrites alms, all the reward is here (n)(n)Mat. 6.2, 4.Matt 6:2Matt 6:4; a man loseth his end, if he think to have it rewarded, at that last and great day, 2 Tim. 1.18.

True estimation is like that of Jonathan, who had not only high thoughts of David, but loved him also as he loved his own soul (o)(o)1 Sam. 19.5, 6. & 20.17.1 Sam 19:51 Sam 19:61 Sam 20:17. Now they who esteem out of love, will do it heartily, fully, and constantly. 1. Heartily: for, If I can say, one loves me truly, I can say also, his heart is with me (p)(p)Judg. 16.15.Judg 16:15. 2. Fully: Love gives good measure (q)(q)Gen 43.34.Gen 43:34, and saith; Whatsoever thy soul desireth, I will even do it for thee (r)(r)1 Sam. 20.4.1 Sam 20:4. 3. Constantly: for love cannot leave off, Ruth 1.16. Cant. 8.6, 7.

Is not the doctrine of the Gospel an amiable doctrine? let the Teachers (therefore) be amiable, and account their feet beautiful (s)(s)Rom. 10.15.Rom 10:15. They never loved God, that do not love his Word; Nor his Word, that do not love his Work; Nor his Work, that do not love his Workmen (t)(t)2 Tim. 2.15.2 Tim 2:15. All this appears in Ahab, who being a man that did not love the Lords true Prophets, nor their Work, nor Gods Word, is therefore declared by God himself, ungodly, and one that hated the Lord, 2 Chron. 19.2.

p. 593. The reason and ground of the Estimation, which is, for their works sake.

This is the great and the good reason of respecting Ministers; Hence Paul, speaking of Timothy, saith, He worketh the work of the Lord, as I also do; let no man therefore despise him (u)(u)1 Cor. 16.10, 11.1 Cor 16:101 Cor 16:11.

This is the more considerable, because divers seem to esteem good Ministers much, when, as it is not from love, so neither is it for their works sake; For, It may be,

1. For fear, and to comply with them when the times 1and present Powers favour them; or when it is, some other way, dangerous to disdain them: so Haman did Mordecai the greatest honour (x)(x)Esth. 6.11.Esth 6:11, for he durst do no other; so the Devils give Christ fair words, for fear of torment before the time; And that great testimony of the unclean spirit (y)(y)Act. 16.17·Acts 16:17(mentioned before) might be given, either to make their doctrine the more suspected, because they had the Devils testimonial; or else to flatter with the Apostles, for fear they should marr his market, as they quickly did (z)(z)Act. 16.18.Acts 16:18. Thus that third Captain fell upon his knees before the Prophet Elijah, for fear of losing his own life, and the lives of the fifty with him (a)(a)2 King. 1.13.2 Kgs 1:13.

2. For their better grace, because some good Ministers of great parts, have a general fame, and are had in honour 2with the people: so that, if they favour them also, they shall be the better thought of. No marvel if many of the Pharisees came to John's baptism, for Jerusalem and all Judea went out to him, Mat. 3.5, 7.

3. Out of civility and courtesie; so men use to invite the Preacher to dinner (which is an argument of respect); and 3thus Simon the Pharisee (none of the worst: it seems, nor of the best) desired Christ to eat with him, Luk. 7.36.

4. Out of zeal to this or that Opinion, which makes men extol that Minister that maintains it. There's much estimation 4in a way of faction. Thus when there arose a dissension between the Pharisees and the Sadduces, Paul having p. 60declared himself to be a Pharisee, the Scribes that were of the Pharisees part, arose, and took Pauls part (b)(b)Act. 23.6, 7.Acts 23:6Acts 23:7, and present him as a man, to whom (haply) a Spirit or an Angel had spoken, and consequently, such a person as to whom if any offer violence, he shall be found to fight against God. Thus they that hated Paul to the death, plead for him, because he stood for that which they held, and contended with the other side about.

55. Out of malitious subtilty, to draw something from a good Minister by fla…tery and fair words that will hurt or undo him. Thus the P…arisees speak highly of Christ, Thou art true, teachest the way of God in truth, carest not for any man (c)(c)Mat. 22.16.Matt 22:16, not because they meant to commend him, but to catch him: for if he say, Tribute is to be paid, he shall be looked upon as a betrayer of the liberty of his Countrey, and be hated of the people; If he deny the payment, then they have him in Caesars trap.

66. Out of a private grudge against some zealous Minister or faithful Pastor, who desires the good of his hearers rather then their good will, and therefore deals plainly and …oundly with them that they may be reformed and saved. In this case, hypocrites pay (in full) to Paul in their honour, that they may rob Peter; that is, they commend the Minister of some Parish near them, or one eminent in the County, that they may the better rebel against and debase their own Pastor, or some other that preaches among them and cometh closer to them then they are willing of; Thus the Jews magnified Abraham, Jacob, Moses, but the use of it was, to cast a slur upon Christ himself. And some speak highly of dead Ministers, to lay low the living.

In brief, carnal men (as one observes) can never esteem Ministers in love as they should; because their work that should procure them honour, works with corrupt men to their dishonour.

But to speak now on the other part, The Lords Labourers are to be honoured for their work sake; and that because it is work, and such a work, and their work.

1First, it is a work: And in any good work, men diligent p. 61and laborious have been still esteemed (d)(d)Prov. 22.29. 1 Tim. 5.10.Prov 22:291 Tim 5:10. Hence Pharoah enquires whether Josephs Brethren be men of activity, for then he will make them rulers over his Cattel (e)(e)Gen. 47.5.Gen 47:5: And Jeroboam being observed by Solomon to be industrious, or one that did work (f)(f)1 King. 11.28.1 Kgs 11:28, he was therefore made Ruler over the charge of Joseph.

Secondly, It's a worthy work (g)(g)1 Tim. 3.1.1 Tim 3:1, fair, honourable, not a 2vulgar, but an eminent work.

This appeareth three wayes,

1. By the Author, and end of it. It is from God, and for 1God; From God as the Author, It's he that brings men nea… to himself to do Tabernacle-work (h)(h)Num. 16.9.Num 16:9. And the Commission of Gospel-Ministers is issued forth out of Christs own Charter, unto whom all power is given both in Heaven and in Earth, Mat. 28.18, 19. And it is also for God as the end of it; when David would set out the work of the Temple, and speak honourably of it, It's a great work (saith he); for it is not for man, but for the Lord God (i)(i)1 Chr. 29.1.1 Chr 29:1: such is the wo…k of the Ministry, it is, to bear the name of God (k)(k)Act. 9.15.Acts 9:15, before the children of men; and by sowing the seed of the Word, to be instruments of bringing forth those fruits of righteousness that are for the glory of God, Luk. 8.15. Phil. 1.11. Col. 1.6. Thus is God the Alpha and Omega of the Ministers Office.

2. By th… subject matter of it, for the work of a Minister 2of the Gospel, is, to preach the high, hidden, and manifold wisdom of God, and that among those that are perfect (l)(l)1 Cor. 2.6, 7, 8, 9. Eph. 3.8.1 Cor 2:61 Cor 2:71 Cor 2:81 Cor 2:9Eph 3:8, who alone can receive & are capable of such heavenly mysteries; It is, to preach the unsearchable riches of Christ. In sum, It is to preach Christ, that mens eyes may see that King in his beauty (m)(m)1 Cor. 1.23. Isa. 33.17.1 Cor 1:23Isa 33:17. This is Angels work, Luk. 2.10, 11, 14. yea, Angels wonder, and sweetest study, Eph. 3.10. 1 Pet. 1.11, 12.

3. By the object of it, (as to men) and that is, their everlasting salvation, 1 Tim. 4.16. Obad. v. 21. How did men 3honour (in the Old Testament) their temporary Saviours (n)(n)1 Sam. 11.12. & 14.45.1 Sam 11:121 Sam 14:45? How have men still honoured Physitians (o)(o)Eccl. 38.1.Sir 38:1and bodily Saviours? Hence Paul was honoured with many honours, Act. p. 6228.10. If they be thus esteemed (out of the principles of nature) that save mens lives, how much more should they be reckoned of, out of the principles of grace, that are Instruments to save mens souls? unto which soul-salvation bodily cures do but hold the Candle, to shew in a small degree how great it is: as we see our Saviours own bodily healings, which were but obscure expressions to mens sense of his soul-healing vertue, Mat. 8.17.

3Thirdly, It's [their] work; that is, besides the work and worth thereof, they are called to it. If others (uncalled to that Office) do the work, the honor is not due; it appertaineth not to them any more then the work doth (p)(p)2 Chr. 26.18.2 Chr 26:18. Who commends a busie body in other mens matters (q)(q)1 Pet. 4.15. foreign.1 Pet 4:15? But if they be duly called, and the Word of Reconciliation be committed unto them as the Lords Ambassadours; then they are to be highly esteemed both because of the work, and the right they have to administer it.

All this is cold comfort for such as are call'd to the Ministry, and yet are careless of doing their Office; for the worth is joyned to the work and the doing of the work: insomuch that Idol-shepheards fall under the most heavy and dishonorable judgements. (r)(r)Zec. 11.17.And unsavoury Salt is neither fit for the land, nor yet for the dunghil, when it hath once lost its savour, it is thence-forth good for nothing but to be cast out and trodden under foot. So great is the infamy of Ministers that are the Salt of the Earth, when they are quite destitute of Ministe…ial vertue, Mat. 5.13. Luk. 14.35.

Yet, let all take heed of contemning the Office because of the person; say not (if you see some (or many) bad) These be your Ministers. But so manage the dis-estimation of ill-deserving Ministers, as alwayes to preserve the estimation of the ever-honourable Ministry,

Having thus opened the Text, I shall shut up all with an earnest Exhortation to Christians to make conscience of performing the duty which it doth so manifestly and fully mind them of.

In this Exhortation, because our desire is not to have an p. 63estimation forced, but flowing from light and love, I shall therefore speak in the Apostles language,

We beseech you Brethren, know those that labour among you, and are over you in the Lord, and admonish you.

Know them—

1. As the great gift of Christ, who when he ascended up on high, gave gifts unto men (s)(s)Ephes. 4.8.11.Eph 4:8Eph 4:11. Amongst the rest, he gave some to be Pastors and Teachers, to continue to the end of the world; Not only the abilities of Ministers are Christs gift to his Church, but their Office, according to the old Prophesie, I will give you Pastors (t)(t)Jer. 3.15.Jer 3:15. Let none therefor call in question the wisdom or love of Christ (as if he knew not what was best for his Church, or were loth to give it) but prize the gift for the Giver, and consider how much they are like to stead you▪ whom he hath left in his stead (u)(u)2 Cor. 5.20.2 Cor 5:20. Christ is the great gift of God (x)(x)Joh. 4.10.John 4:10, and Ministers the great gift of Christ.

2. As Ambassadours for Christ (y)(y)2 Cor. 5.20.2 Cor 5:20: in whom God is 2pleased to treat with you, and by them (in Christs Name) to offer conditions of peace unto you; yea, God doth (as it were) beseech you by us to accept of his terms, and to be reconciled to himself. Unto Ministers is committed the Word of reconciliation, that you may enjoy, and be happy in, the work of reconcil…ation; O How beautiful (to a sin-sick-soul, that labours under the sad sense of Gods anger) are the feet of them that preach the Gospel of peace?

3. As your great comforters in your most grievous afflictions: 3It is the misery of misery, that there is no more any Prophet (z)(z)Psal. 74.9.Ps 74:9; but, though the Lord give you the bread of affliction, and the water of affliction, and your Teachers be not removed into a corner, but your eyes behold your Teachers (a)(a)Isa. 30.20, 21.Isa 30:20Isa 30:21, how great cause is there to say, Blessed are your eyes, for they see, and your ears, for they hear? M…t. 13.16. The sight of Christ in the Gospel-Ministry (b)(b)2 Cor. 3.18.2 Cor 3:18makes believing souls not only desirous to depart out of the wo…ld in peace (c)(c)Luk. 2.29.30.Luke 2:29Luke 2:30, but willing to live in the world in trouble, Phil. 1.24.

p. 6444. As your soul-guard and defence, against false Teachers, who (like subtile Foxes) deceive first, and (like grievous Wolves) devour after (d)(d)Eph. 4.14. Act. 20.28, 29.30.Eph 4:14Acts 20:28Acts 20:29Acts 20:30. A Minister is an Over-seer, that people may not be over-seen and over-reached by Church-cheaters, that by good words and fair speeches deceive the hearts of the simple, Rom. 16.18. even as of old the Serpent beguiled Eve, 2 Cor. 11.3.

55. As the Chare…s and Horsemen of Israel, as your Lifeguard and the best Militia of the Nation: who do not only prevail in the behalf of a weak Church over every Amal…k (e)(e)Exod. 17.11.Exod 17:11, and so procure their peace; but so wrestle, as to prevail with God (it is not hainous to say, over God, Hos. 12.4) in the behalf of a sinful Church, and so obtain their pardon (f)(f)Numb. 14.20.Num 14:20. How often had Israel been burnt up by the fire of Gods anger, had not Moses stood in the gap (g)(g)Ps. 106.23.Ps 106:23, and the Ministers of the Lord wept and prayed, between the Porch and the Altar? The last and best refuge is, Go to Isaiah, Isai. 37.3.

66. As the Angels of the Churches, and the glory of Christ, 2 Cor. 8.23. Yea, the Galatians did not over-do (their fault was to give over) when they received Paul as an Angel of God, even as Christ Jesus, Gal. 4.14. O how far short do Ministers now come of Paul? (which makes us tremble to speak of these high things) but yet the Gospel-Ministry being (for substance) common to them and him, let none think it arrogance in us to mention them, nor themselves discharg'd of imitating them.

More particularly (that I may go on with the Text) look on Ministers;

11. As Labourers; Do not think their Calling an idle Calling; They are Husbandmen, (whose work is never ended; yea, Harvest-Labourers (h)(h)Mat. 9.38.Matt 9:38, whose work is never easie): yea, such as labour for your souls, a work of all other the hardest, if it be done well; and the happiest, if it succeed well; and to you the unhappiest, if through your fault, it succeed ill, 2 Cor. 2.16.

p. 652. As those over you; in the Lord; Not as triumphing in their superiority, but as trembling at their charge, and rejoycing 2in the lowest condescentions to take you up and win you to Jesus Christ (i)(i)1 Cor. 9.22.1 Cor 9:22. They are such as preach not themselves but Jesus Christ the Lord, and themselves your servants for Jesus sake (k)(k)2 Cor. 4.5.2 Cor 4:5. He spake reason, that said, There is but one servant in an house, and that's the Master (l)(l)foreign. Plato., for he must take care for all, and take pains for all, that every one may have what is fit, and what is due; so there is but one servant in the Congregation, and that's the Pastor, who (upon peril of his soul) is to guard and guide the sheep, and according to their several and various necessities to provide for them; a painful and careful work. I would Christians knew what conflicts conscientious and zealous Pastors have for their charge (m)(m)Col. 2.1.Col 2:1, and how our God humbles us among them, (while we stand higher on our Watch-Towe…) in beholding those horrible evils of one sort and another, which we know not how to reform, 2 Cor. 12.20, 21.

3. As Admonishers of you; and therefore suffer the words 3of exh…rtation (n)(n)Heb. 13.22.Heb 13:22, make conscience of receiving and obeying admonition: Remember, that better is a poor and wise child, then an old and foolish King that will no more be admonished (o)(o)Eccles. 4.12.Eccl 4:12; and forget not what an high place, an admonishing Abigail had in Davids heart, 1 Sam. 25.32. See Prov 5.11, 12, 13. & 29.1.

In all these regards, hold faithful Ministers in reputation, Phil. 2.29.

And that for their works sake] wherein observe, that he that honours any Minister for his work, will honour every Minister that doth that work well; — though of poor parentage and presence (p)(p)Amos 7.20. Matth. 13.55. John 7.24.Amos 7:20Matt 13:55John 7:24, though of meaner gifts and parts (q)(q)Rev. 3.8.Rev 3:8: Great difference between Paul and Timothy, yet, he worketh the work of the Lord as I also do, (saith Paul), therein we agree, Let no man therefore despise him (r)(r)1 Cor. 16.10, 11.1 Cor 16:101 Cor 16:11; yea lastly, though there be some failings and personal infirmities. That great Luther had his faults, and some of Gods servants suffered by his vehemency; yet, I often use to say (saith Calvin (s(sCalv. Epist. 57. H…oviae, 80. An 1597.,) Though Luther should call me [Devil] yet I shall give him that p. 66honour to account him an eminent servant of God. It's a great Antidote against faction, to esteem Ministers for the right and proper reason, that is, for their works sake, not for their wits sake.

That I may draw to a conclusion of this discourse, Think not (beloved Christians) that it is out of an affectation of self-advancement that this estimation is thus urged; we desire to speak the Apostles words with the Apostles spirit, It is not that we should appear approved; but, that ye should do that which is honest, though we be as Reprobates, that is, in mens account, (for otherwise) I trust that ye shall know that we are not Reprobates (t)(t)2 Cor. 13.6, 7.2 Cor 13:62 Cor 13:7. It is not for our selves we plead, (as men and poor earthen vessels) but for our Calling (as Officers) and that for your sakes.

We beseech you therefore (again) esteem Ministers very highly, for you are concerned in it very deeply. If you regard them not, Remember how far the disesteem reacheth: for our Saviour saith, He that d…spiseth you despiseth me, and he that despiseth me, despiseth him that hath sent me (u)(u)Luk. 10.16.Luke 10:16. He that offereth an affront to an Officer (discharging his Office according to law) offers an indignity to the King in whose name he executes his office, and from whom he hath it; And so they that offer abuse unto, and put sleights upon, Ministers (discharging their Office according to the Gospel), they offer a dishonour to him, that is the Prince of the Kings of the Earth (x)(x)Rev. 1.5.Rev 1:5, and that goes very high; How is it that ye are not afraid (y)(y)Num. 12.8.Num 12:8? For so far is Christ from suffering this to go unpunished, that disestimation and contempt of the Ministry ends (without repentance) in deprivation, desolation, damnation.

11. It is for this that people are deprived of the Gospel. The Kingdom of God shall be taken from you (saith our Saviour) and (to make that good) Lo, saith Paul, we turn to the Gentiles (z)(z)Mat. 21.43. Acts 13.46.Matt 21:43Acts 13:46. And it's a sad thing (to them that know what it is) to see Pauls face no more, Act. 20.38.

2. This ends in desolation; mocking Gods Messengers, 2dispising his words, misusing his Prophets, was the immediate fore-runner, and reason of the Jews dismal destruction by p. 67the Chaldaeans (a)(a)2 Chr. 36.15, 16, 17.2 Chr 36:152 Chr 36:162 Chr 36:17. And for the same reason, worse came upon them after, and is on them to this day, even wrath to the utmost, 1 Thess. 2.15, 16.

3. This ends in that which ends not, even in Damnation; 3for, How can a generation of Vipers escape the damnation of hell? Mat. 23.33. yea, How shall we escape (though we be not such Vipers) if we neglect so great salvation? to wit, as it is offered in the Gospel-Ministry, Heb 2.3.

O fear, you that live under the droppings of Gods Ordinances, lest by not caring for them (as dispensed in Gods way) the Heavens over you become Brass, by taking away those over you whose doctrine drops as the rain (b)(b)Deut. 32.2.Deut 32:2, and then the earth will be Iron (c)(c)Deut. 28.23.Deut 28:23: your hearts will be Iron-hearts; What hope of fruit, without rain, without husbandry? or of heaven, without fruit? Luk. 3.8, 9.

But (on the contrary), If Ministers be esteemed for their work, and for Him that sets them awork; Then

1. God will be pleased; for it is Christ himself that is received, 1Luk. 10.16. and it must needs please the Father well, that the Son is honoured, Joh. 5.23.

2. The Gospel will be continued; for as the loss of first 2love, causeth the Candlestick to be removed (d)(d)Rev. 2.4, 5.Rev 2:4Rev 2:5; so where there is an estimation in love, more light is vouchsafed. When Philip was reverenced in Samaria, Peter and John were sent after him (e)(e)Act. 8.14.Acts 8:14. And Christ himself went from those that were weary of him to those that waited for him (f)(f)Luk. 8.37, 40.Luke 8:37Luke 8:40, the Salvation of God is sent to the Gentiles, for they will hear it, Act. 28.28. O ye Parents, rob not your children of the light of the Gospel, by your light account of it, Mat. 22.5.

3. As when Gods Kingdom is sleighted, outward comforts are removed (g)(g)Mat. 21.43. with 23.38.Matt 21:43, and destroying Armies introduced(h)(h)Mat. 22.5, 6, 7.Matt 22:5Matt 22:6Matt 22:7: 3So when it is sought, outward comforts are added, Matth. 6.33. How hath England flourished under Gospel-dispensations, and estimations? And our Eclipses have arisen (and will arise) from despising and persecuting a faithful Ministery: of which (therefore) let all beware that love the common peace, Psal. 122.6.

4. As it shall be easier for Tyre and Sidon, and Sodom at p. 684the last day then for Gospel-contemners (h)(h)Mat. 11.22, 24.Matt 11:22Matt 11:24, so they that receive and reverence it, shall find mercy at that day (i)(i)2 Tim. 1.18.2 Tim 1:18, when Christ shall come to be glorified in his Saints, and to be admired in all them that believe, and mark why, because our testimon… (the testimony of Labourers among them) was beleived (k)(k)2 Thes. 1.102 Thess 1:10. In that day▪ shall we rejoyce in Christians (and so they in us) if we have not run in vain, nor laboured in vain, Phil. 2.16.

To conclude this: let it be your care (dearly beloved Christians) now God hath wrought such wonders for our peace and settlement, to make some amends for that shameful contempt that hath been poured on the Ministers of Christ of late, by your double honour (l)(l)1 Tim. 5 17.1 Tim 5:17. And as for those many that have departed (we are more willing to say, have been carryed from us, and against us) by the distemper of the times, what shall we say, but (as the holy Prophet sometimes did, though with some alteration), Lord God of Abraham, Isaac, and of Israel, — Let it be known that we are thy servants; and that thou hast brought the heart of this people back again, 1 King. 18.36, 37.