Demurrer to the Jews, Part 2 (3 of 5)
This year the King committed all the Jews to his ſon Edward, granting him the uſe of the Seales of his Exchequer, to ſeal his Writs, and a new Priſon, as this Record informs us.
*Clauſ. 46. H. 3. pars 1. m. 4.Rex Theſaur. et Baron. ſuis de Scac. ſalutem. Sciatis, quod conceſſimus Edwardo fil. noſtro. cui Judaiſmum noſtrum commiſſimus, quod Juſtic. ſui ad cuſtod. Judeorum aſſignat. habeant Sigillum Scac. noſtri Judeorum penes ſe, & quod omnia brevia et mandata ad Iudaiſmum illum ſpectantia ſubſigillo Scac. noſtri Judeorum mittant, ad ſigilla noſtra de cancellaria, vel de Scaccario noſtro. Ita quod brevia et mandata praedict. ibi ſine difficultate conſignantur. Et mandamus Magiſtro I. de Chiſhal Cancellario Scac. noſtri, quod brevia et mandata illa ſine difficultate conſignari fac. et a…tornatos ejuſdem filii noſtri omnes denar. inde provenient. percipere permittat ad opus ejuſdem fil. noſtri, Volumus etiam quod idem fil. noſter habeat ptiſonam ad Judeos et a…ios diſtringendos et Juſticiandos, prout ſecundum legem et conſuetudinem regni noſtri fieri debet et conſuevit. Et ideo ſic fieri faciatis. T. R. 12 die Iulii.
Mandatum eſt I. de Chiſhal. Cancellar Scac. reg. quod omnia brevia & mandata quae Juſtic. ad cuſtod. Jud. aſſign. ſibi mittant ſub ſigillo Scac. reg. Judeorum, fine difficultate conſignari fac. Et attornatos Edwardi fil. reg. cui rex Iudaiſmum ſuum commiſit; et omnes denarios de praedictis brevibus et mandatis provenientes percipere permittat ad opus ejuſdem fil. regis. T. ut ſupra.
This year the King iſſued out this Writ to extract quoddam feodum out of the Cheſts of the Iews of Maile *Clauſ. 46 H. 3. pars 1. m. 19. dorſo.a Iew of Canterbury, which the King granted to another, directed Cyropraph. Juſticiariis & Iudeis Cant. & illum habeatis coram Juſtic. nostr. ad cuſtod Iudeorum aſſign. at a ſet day, per unum ex vobis ſub ſigillis veſtris, praedict Iuſticiariis noſtris liberand. ad faciend. inde praeceptum noſtrum, Et habeas ibi hoc Breve. T. W. Bagod. apud Weſtm. 4 die Iun. There are 3 more the like Writs this year.
*Cart. 46. H. 3 m. 4. De feodis JudeorumThe King by his Charters this year granted ſundry fees and annuities of ſeveral Iews by their aſſents (ſpecified in their Charters, in which ſeveral perſons were obliged by their Charters to theſe Iews and their heirs) unto Robert Walerand. Habend. & tenend. eidem Roberto, & haeredibus ſuis libere & quiete, integre & in pace, ſine reclamatione nostri & haeredum noſtrorum, & Iudeorum praedictorum in perpetuum, ſecundum tenorem praedict. Cartarum, &c. Dat. per manum noſtram apud Weſtm. 2 die Febr.
King Henry in the 47 year of his reign confirmed Prince Edwards grant of the Iews (to whom he formerly aſſigned them) unto the Caturcenfian Merchants (to whome the Iews and Judaiſme were morgaged for moneys advanced on them) by this Patent.
*Pat. 47. H. 3 m. 9.Rex univerſis ad quos, &c. ſalutem. Cum Edwardus noſter dilectus Primogenitus, ex praecepto, aſſeſſu et voluntate noſtra conceſſerit & tradiderit inſolurum Petro Ceraudo & Willo Bernand. frarribus, pro ſeipſis, & eorum ſociis civibus et Mercatoribus Caturcenſ. pro mutuo per Dom. Edwardum ab eiſdem Mercatoribus habito & recepto London, pro negotiis ipſius Edwardi & regn. noſtri gravibus & arduis, totum Iudaiſmum noſtrum ipſius regni noſtri cum Scac. ejuſdem Iudaiſmi, et omnibus et ſingulis aliis proventibus et exitibus ceteri…que ad idem Iudaiſmum ſpenctantibus. Habend. et tenend. à die confectionis inſtrumenti interdict. Edwardum et prefatos mercatores ſuper dicto mutuo confecto uſque ad quindenam ſancti Iohis Baptistae. Anno Dom. 1265. Prout in inſtrumento praedicto Patente ſeu literis dicti Edwar. quod ſeu quas eidem Mercatores penes ſe habent plenius continetur. Nos praedict. conceſſionem et traditionem ratas habentes et gratas, eiſdem praedict. mercatoribus pro nobis et haeredibus noſtris inviolabiter concedimus, ac etiam in omnibus confirmamus. Promittentes nos praedict. conceſſionem et traditionem, prout in praenominato inſtrumento, ſeu literis ſunt contentae, warrantizare, protegere, ſeu defendere contra omnes, pro nobis et heredibus noſtris. In cujus rei teſtimonium has literas noſtras eiſdem Mercatoribus fieri fecimus patentes. Dat apud London 11 die Iunii. An. r. n. 47. his Teſtibus Dom. Rico. rege Aleman. fratre noſtro. Humfred. de Bohun. Com. Hereford et Eſſex, Tho. Baſſet Juſtic. noſtr. Angl. Hugh le Bygod. Iohn Manſel Theſ. Ebor. Rob. Waller, Ebulone de Montibus, Perro de Eſſevel, et aliis.
This year ſome Iews were indicted before the Juſtices itinerant, and impriſoned and outlawed for receiving ſtollen goods, as this Record informs us to ſtop the Utlawry.
*Clauſ. 47. H. 3. m. 12. &c. Pro Manuel…. Judeis.Rex Vic. Suſſex ſalutem. Cum Manuel de Maford et Jacob fil. Benedict. Iudei nuper indictati coram Iuſtic. noſtris ultimo itinerantibus in com. tuo de receptamento latrocinium ſe reddiderunt ad priſonam noſtram, parati inde ſecundum legem & conſuetudinem regni noſtri ſtare juri, & tibi preceptum fuit ab eiſdem Iuſtic. noſtris ipſos de Comitatu in comit. propter contumaciam ſuam exigi, & praeter modum utlagari. Tibi praecipimus, quod ab utlagaria in ipſos promulgata deſiſtas, & bona eorundem Iudeorum ad opus nostrum reſervari, & ſalvo cuſtodiri fac. donec aliud inde tibi praecipimus. Teſte Rege apud Weſtm. 14 die Febr.
King Henry, Anno 48. made this Proclamation to prevent all violence againſt the Jews in VVinton, and other places, and preſerve them & theirs under his peace and protection, as well as his other ſubjects, threatning loſſe of life and Member to all ſuch as ſhould hurt or moleſt them, as this Patent manifeſts, committing them to the protection of 26 of the chief Citizens of Wincheſter by this Patent.
†Pat. 48. H. 3. is. 11. Pro Judeis Winton.Rex Willo. Fromund (and to 25 more there named) Ci…ibus ſuis Winton, ſalutem. Cum di…ina cooperante gratia, Pax in regno noſtro or…inata ſit, firmata, et ubique per ipſum regnum proclamata; ac de conſilio Baronum noſtrorum proviſum ſit, et ex parte noſtra, et ipſorum publice ſit inhibitum, ne quis ſub poena exhaeredationis et periculo vitae et membrorum ſuper aliquem currat, nec homicidia vel incendia, de predationes vel roberias, ſeu alia hujuſmodi faciat enormia, nec cuiquam damnum inferat contra pacem noſtram. Cumque Judeos noſtros Winton in noſtram defenſionem et protectionem ſpecialem ſuſcepimus, una cum familiis, rebus, et omnibus poſſeſſionibus ſuis, et ad tuitionem, et majotem ſecuritatem eorum, vos de conſilio Baronum noſtrorum ad cuſtodiam ipſorum Judeorum aſſignavimus. Vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes, quatenus per totam Civitatem praedict. ex parte noſtra, et Baronum noſtrorum praedict. publice proclamari, et firmiter inhiberi faciatis, ne quis ſub periculo vitae et membrorum praedictis Judeis vel ſuis fami…iis in perſonis vel rebus ſuis inferat dampnum, moleſtiam vel gravamen. Et vos ipſi Judeos ipſos, familias ſuas, res, terras, et omnes poſſeſſiones eorum infra praedictam civitatem, et extra, quantum in vobis eſt manuteneatis, protegatis, et defendatis, talem ad hoc diligentiam apponentes, quod vos inde merito commendare poſſumus. Teſte Rege apud St. Paulum, London 14 die Iunii.
The King by the like Letters Patents committed rhe Jews of Nothampton to 26 Burgeſſes of the Town, to be garded and protected by them, whoſe names are ſpecified in the Patent, which recites: †Pat. 48. H. 3. m. 12. Pro Iudeis Northamp.Cum propter turbationem nuper habitam in regno noſtro, et maxime propter conflictum nuper habitum apud Northampt. Judei Northampt. ad caſt. fugerunt, & ibidem pro timore moram hactenus fecerunt Caſtrum illud exire non audentes, de quo jacturam non modicam jam incurrimus, ac ſedata turbatione praedicta, et inſpirante gratia divina, pax inter Nos et Barones noſtros ordinata ſit ac firmata, ac in regno noſtro publice proclamata; propter quod de conſilio noſtro providimus, quod eidem Judei redeant in villam praedict. ibidem moraturi, ſicut prius morari conſueverunt. Ac etiam ad tuitionem et majorem ſecuritatem eorundem, vos ad cuſtodiam eorum aſſignavimus. Vobis mandamus, quod Judeos illos, et omnes poſſeſſiones ſuas manuteneatis, &c. (as in the former.) Cyrographariis autem, et cuſtodibus Archae Judeorum in villa praedicta cum opus fuerit conſulentes ſitis et auxiliantes ad ea facienda et exequenda quae ad officium ſuum pertinent in eadem villa, pro quo diligentiam veſtram merito commendare debeamus. T. R. apud St. Paulum 2 die Iun.
The like †Pat. 48. H. 3. m. 12. Pro Judeis London.Patents were ſent Majori & Vicecomitibus London, reciting the publike peace proclaimed, as the firſt Patent doth, th…n adding. Cumque Iudeos noſtros London, pro timore turbationis ſupradict. adhuc exiſtentes apud Turrim noſtram London, in noſtram defenſionem et protectionem ſufcipimus ſpecialem, una cum familiis, rebus, et omnibus poſſeſſionibus eorundem, ac ipſis Judeis conceſſimus, quod ad domos ſuas infra Civitatem praedict. libere redire, & eas ſecure et abſque aliquo impedimento inhabitare poſſint, ſicut prius ante turbationem praedict. fieri conſueverunt. Vobis de conſilio Baronum praedict. mandamus firmiter injungentes, quatenus per totam civitatem praedict. ex parte noſtra, et Baronum ipſorum publice proclamari et firmiter inhiberi faciatis, ne quis ſub periculo vitae et membrorum praed. Judeis et familis ſuis in perſonis vel rebus eorum inferat dampnum, moleſtiam, vel gravamen. Vos autem eos de caetero infra Civita…em praed. …quam extra quantum in vobis eſt, manuteneatis, protegatis, et defendatis, pro quo vos ſpecialiter recommendare debeamus. T. R. apud St. Paulum London, 11 die Iunii.
The like Patents were granted to moſt other Towns where the Jews reſided, who by reaſon of the late troubles fled into Caſtles to preſerve their lives and good… from plunder during the ci…il wars between the King †See Stowes Chron. p. 220. The firſt Demurrer. Edit. 2. p. 35.and Barons, wherein many of them were pillaged of all their eſtates, and ſome killed.
In the Fine Roll of 48 H. 3. I find ſundry releaſes made by the King to diverſe Engliſh men of the Fees and debts belonging unto Jews, running in this unuſuall form.
*Fines 48. H. 3. m. 1. See Fines 49. H. 3. m. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. Where are more preſidents like thisRex Juſtic. ad cuſtod. Judeorum aſſign. ſalutem. Sciatis Nos de gratia noſtra ſpeciali remiſiſſe di…ilectis et fidelibus noſtris Rogero Bertram (and ſundry others there named) Ut nobis devotiores, et ad obſequium noſtrum promptiores efficiantur, omnia feoda, in quibus ipſi aut eorum anteceſſor. teneb. quibuſcunque Judeis noſtris Angliae. Pardonavimus etiam prefatis R. &c. fidelibus noſtris praedict. omnes uſuras et poenas in quibus ipſi vel ſui anteceſſores eiſdem Iudeis per cartas ſuas tenean…ur. Ita videlicet quod in pecunia quam praedict. R. &c. a prefatis Judeis mutuo ceperunt, eiſdem Judeis reddere teneantur, ſuper qua quidem pecunia prefat. R. &c. ſacramento ſuo coram vobis preſtito, et aliorum fide dignorum ad hoc juratorum credantur. Et ideo vobis mandamus quod omnes Iudeos qui in regno noſtr. exiſtunt preſ…ntes, vel haetedes eorum qui mortui ſunt, quibus iidem fideles noſtri in aliquo debito tenebantur certis diebus et locis coram vobis venite, et omnes cartas, per quas omnibus Judeis Angliae tenebantur in aliquibus debitis vel feodis, ab Archis Cyrograph. Judeorum extrahi, et eiſdem liberari, et ipſos de predict. feodi… de …is et uſuris quietos eſſe, et ſic fieri et irrotulari ſac…t…. Ita tamen, quod dict. pecunia ſic a Iudeis praefat. mutuo accepta, praedicti R. &c. eiſdem Iudeis ad rationabiles terminos, quos eis aſſignabitis ſatisfaciant, Ita quod dicta pecunia ſic mutuata non uſuret, et ſi praefati Judei, vel aliqui ex ipſis fuerint mortui, ita quod catalla ſua ſunt noſtra eſcaeta, tunc praedicti R. &c. nobis inde ſatisfaciant ad Scac. noſtrum. T. R. apud VVeſtm. 28 die Octob. The like I find to this in Fines 49 H. 3. m. 6
Anno 49 H. 3. I meet with this Record about a Charter ſuppoſed to be forged by a Jew.
*Clauſ. 49. H. 3. m. 4. De quibuſdam Judeis habendis coram Iuſt. ad Cuſtod. Iud: aſſign.Rex Majori Northam: ſalutem. Cum ad ſuggeſtionem tuam. Johannem fil: Euſtach. &c. Iſaac de Burd, &c. Iudeos pro quadam carta falſa confecta per te arreſtari, et ſalv… …t cuſtodiri praecipimus, et Th. de Brampton, &c. manuceperunt coram nobis, ad habendum praefat. Johan. &c. coram Iuſtic: noſtris ad cuſtod: Iud aſſignat. a die &c. ad ſtandum recto ſi quis verſus eos inde lonqui voluerit. Tibi praecipimus, quod praefat. Iudeos in propria perſona tua habeas coram praefat. Juſtic. die praedict. ad ſtandum recto de crimine ſupradicto. Et hoc ſicut te et omnia tua diligis, nullatenus omittas, et habeas ibi cartam praedictam, et hoc B…eve. T. R. apud Hereford, 12 die Maii. There is the like writ for others in the ſame caſe.
The ſame year this writ iſſued to ſeiſe all the Jews and Judaiſm into the Kings hand, formerly granted to Pr. Edward, becauſe he had joyned with ſome Rebels againſt the King, allowing ſome, diſplacing other of his Officers, and commanding them not to obey the Prince.
*Clauſ. 49 H. 3. m. 4. De Judaiſmo capiend. in manum Regis.Rex Theſaur. et Camerariis ſuis ſalutem. Quia Edwardus fil. n. cui Judaiſmum noſtrum ſ…cut nostis, ad tempus commiſſimus, noſtro prorſus ac Magnatum et fidelium noſtrorum spreto conſilio, ſubito et ex inopinato jam receſſit ad quoſdam rebelles noſtros ſe transferendo, qui nos gravare, et pacem Regni noſtri perturbare proponunt, dictum Iudaiſmū capimus in manum noſtram. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod aſſumpto vobiſcum Magiſtro Thom. de Cantelupo Cancellario noſtro ſi adhuc Londini existat, Tallagium nuper aſſeſſum ſuper Iudaiſmum predict. per Tho. de Irpergue ad hoc aſſignat. per praedict. fil. noſtr. videri, et illud ad opus noſtrum colligi, et ſalvo custodiri fac. donec aliud inde praeciperimus. Adam vero de Winton ſocium Roberti de Crep: ab officio ſuo amoveatis, et loco ejus Will. de Hachelbeche ſubſtituatis. Ita, quod idem VVillielmus et Robertus officio Iuſticiariae Iudeorum amodo intendant, donec aliter inde duxerimus ordinand. et eiſdem Iuſtic. firmi…er injungatis ex parte nostra, ne praefato fil. noſtro, vel ſuis, in aliquo intendant, et quod ab omnibus Iudeis Angliae hoc idem ſcire faciant. Et hoc non omittatis. T. R. apud Hereford; 30 die Maii.
In the Fine rolls of Ann. 49. The King pardons R… de la Hyde his debts, &c. whoſe lands and tenements were not ſufficient to ſatisfie the Debts for which they were obliged to ſundry Jews there named.
†Fines 49 H. 3. m. 1.Omnia debita, uſuras, poenas et feoda, in quibus tenetur Iudeis praedictis in aliquibus debitis, uſuris, poenis vel feodis ab Archis Cyrograph: Iudeorum extrahi, et praef. Rico. liberari, et ipſum de predict. debitis, uſuris, poenis et feodis quietum eſſe, et ſic fieri et irrot. faciant. T. R. apud Hereford 19. die Iunii. Per Regem et Juſtic.
The like to this and the former in Fines 48. I find frequent in this *Fines 49 H. 3 m. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.Fine roll: to above 20 other ſeveral perſons, after the battel of Lewes therein ſpecified.
In 50 H. 3. *Clauſ. 50 H. 3. m. 1.Mandatum eſt Th. Bacun, quod rotulos et brevia Iudaiſmum tangentia, quae ſunt in cuſtodia ſua, liberet Iuſtic. ad cuſtod. Iudeor. aſſign. cuſtodiend. quamdiu Rex aliud inde praeceperit.
This year the King writing to Hagino a Jew of London, to deliver monyes of the Merchants of Flanders there arreſted and left in his Cuſtody, begins thus. Rex Hagino fil. Moſſei Iudeo London, ſtatum vitae melioris, Cum per literas noſtras, *Clauſ. 50 H. 3. m. 2.&c.
†Ibidem, Pro Aaron le Blund Judeo.The ſame year the King granted to Aaron le Blund, a Jew, liberty to ſue for his debts, which he formerly pardoned his debtors, Non obſtante pardonatione noſtra de debitis dicti Rogeri praefato Judaeo facto.
The Jews ſuſtaining much loſs by the Barons and Kings enemies, I find this recitall thereof by the King, who granted them other Jews debts for their relief, as this and other preſidents manifeſt.
†Claus. 50 H. 3. m. 5. Pro Hagio fil. Moſſei Judeo.Rex Iuſtic. ſuis ad custod, &c. Soiatis quod pro dampnis et jacturis quae Haginus fil. Moſſei Iudeus London, pro nobis ſuſtinuit in turbatione habita in regno nostro, Nos in auxilium relevationis ſuae status, dedimus ei 50 lib. in quibus Willielmus de Dyve defunctus per cartam ſuam tenebatur Jacobo fil. Ladonis Iudeo London, nuper defuncto, cujus debita et catalla devenerunt ad manum noſtram ratione mortis ejuſdem. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod praedict 50 lib. ſecundum conſuetud. Judaiſmi noſtri leuari, et eidem Hagino, una cum carta ſupradicta liberari faciatis de dono noſtri. T. R. apud Weſtm. 1 die April. The like grant of another Jews debt upon the ſame account, was this year made to Elyas, ſonne of Moſſe a Jew, to be allowed in his Tallages and other debts to the King.
Ibid. m. 10. The King pardons Peter de Novel and Andrew de Winton the debts they owed to Jews.
The Iews in London both before and after the battel of Lewes, being ſpoiled of their houſes and goods there during the Civil wars, by the Kings Enemies and the Barons then in arms againſt them; he thereupon in the 50 year of his reign, enabled them to ſue for, and recover their goods and houſes again, (except ſuch as himſelf had ſold and diſpoſed of) and reſtored them to the ſelf-ſame condition they were in before the battle of Lewes, by this enſuing writ and grant.
*Clauſ. 50 H. 3. m. 10. Pro Judeis Angliae de ſtatu ſuo recuperando.Rex Hugoni filio Ottonis Cuſtodi Civitatis ſuae, London, ſalutem. Cum pro variis dampnis et injur…is Iudeis noſtris Angliae in turbatione regni noſtri ab Inimicis nostris illatis, de Conſilio Magnatum noſtrorum qui ſunt de Conſilio noſtro, Conceſſimus omnibus et ſingulis Iudeis praedictis, quod ipſi quoad bona et poſſeſſiones ſuas recuperanda ſint in eodem ſtatu quo fuerunt die conflictus de Lewes; ac quidem inimici noſtri in turbatione in Regno nostro habita domos Iudaeorum noſtrorum London in eadem Civitate tàm ante bellum praedictum quàm post occupaverint: Ac etiam quidam deorum praedictorum pro timore turbationis praedictae domos ſuas in eadem Civitate reliquerunt, et ad alias partes ſe tranſtulerunt: Nos eiſdem Judaeis gratiam uberiorem facere volentes, conceſſimus et reddidimus ſingulis Iudaeis noſtris London, omnes domos ſuas praedictas ante bellum praedictum, et post bellum illud occaſione turbationis praedictae occupatas & detentas; exceptis Domibus quorundam Judaeorum praedictorum London, quas in eadem Civitate quibuſcunque prius conceſſimus. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod praefatis Iudaeis de Domibus ſuis praedictis in quorumcunque manibus exiſtunt, plenam ſeifinam habere facias, ſicut praedictum est. T. R. apud VVeſtm. 14 dii Novembris.
In the *Patents 50 H. 3. m. 6, 8, 20, 25, 31, 34.41.Patent Rolls of this year, the King grants the Houſes and Debts of ſeveral Jews eſcheated to him by their deaths or othewiſe, to ſeveral Jews, impoveriſhed dampnis et gravaminibus ſibi ad inimicis noſtris illatis tempore turbationis habita in regno noſtro, &c. volens eis gratiam facere ſpecialem.
Beſides, upon this account I find this general Patent and Proclamation of protection for the Jewes of London.
*Pat. 50 H. 3. m. 21. Pro Judeis London.Rex Rich. de Ceual (and 45 more there named) civibus London ſalutem. Quia Iudei noſtri London tempore turbationis in regno noſtro jacturas quamplurimas et enormia ſuſtinuerunt, nos d…spendiis et jacturis eorum compatientes ipſos, terras, res, domos, reddi…us, et omnes eorum poſſeſſiones in defenſionem et protectionem noſtram ſuſcepimus ſpecialem. Nos ad eorum Majorem tuitionem et ſecuritatem cuſtodiam e… protectionem vos aſſignantes. Et ideo vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes quatenus per totam civitatem praedict. London publice proclamari fac. ne quis ſub periculo vitae et membrorum praedict. Iudaeis in perſonis vel rebus ſuis dampnum inferat moleſtiam, aut gravamen et vos ipſi Iudeos illos, familias ſuas, terras, vel redditus, domos, et omnes poſſeſsiones ſuas, et eorum bona infra civitatem praed. et extra quantum in vobis eſt manuteneatis, protegatis et defendatis, non inferentes, &c: (as in the former) Et ſi quid &c. talem diligentiam apponentes ut vobis, &c. donatur per vicecomitem T. R.
Conſimiles literae habent Iudei Cantebr. Ballivis et probis hominibus Cant. directae durant, ut ſupra.
*Pat. 50. H. 3. m. 38.This year the King granted the cuſtody of the Iews Rolls, and a ſalary for it by this patent.
†Pat. 50. H. 3. m. 21. De Rotulis et Brevibus Iudaiſmi commiſſis.Rex omnibus, &c. Sciatis quod commiſſimus dilecto Clerico noſtro Tho, Wabrun. rotulos et brevia noſtra Iudaiſmi noſtri cuſtodiend. quamdiu nobis placuerit, ita quod capiat per annum ad Scac. noſtr. 10 lib. vid. 100 s. ab Scac. noſtr. St. Michis. et 100s. ad Scac. noſtr. Paſche ad ſe ſuſtentandum in officio praedicto quamdiu fuerit in eodem.
The ſame year the King by *Pat. 50. H. 3. m. 34.33.38, 41, 42, 44.Patent granted leave to ſundry Jews, preſently to ſue for, and levy their debts upon their Creditors, and diſtrain them for them, and likewiſe that he will not releaſe, pardon nor reſpite the debts due to them from ſundry particular perſons expreſſed in the Patents, in form like thoſe already cited elſewhere.
Yea I find this Writ for electing a new Cyrographer in the place of one that was dead, iſſued this year.
†Pat. 50. H. 3. m. 46.Rex Conſtab. caſtri Winton et Ballivis ejuſdem villae, ſalutem. Quia Petrus Weſtman Chriſtianus unus Cyrogr. Arch. Iud. Winton diem clauſit extremum, ut rex accepit. Vobis mandamus, quod per Sacramentum 12. tam Chriſtianorum quam Iudeorum villae praedict. eligi fac. loco praedict. Pet. unum alium Coffrarium, qui praeſtito ſacramento ſicut moris eſt. officio illo de caetero intendat, et nomen ejus Regi ſcire fac. T. R. apud Cant. 26 die Oct.
And this recital of the Kings grant of his Iudaiſme to the Prince, and a confirmation of his grant to a Jew.
†Pat. 50. H. 3. m. 42. Pro Hagino Judeo London.Rex omnibus, &c. Sciatis quod cum dudum commiſſ rimus dilect. primog. noſtro Judaiſmum nostrum Angliae, habendum ad certum terminum, cum omnibus ad Judaiſmum illum pertinentibus; item quod idem fil. noſter omnia inde medio tempore illo perciperet Judeorum, tam ratione mortis Iudeorum, aliunde quam eodem modo quo nos percipere debuiſſemus, ſi Iudaiſmum praedict, in manu nostra tenuiſſemus, et dictus fil. noſter tertiam partem omnium catal. et debitorum quae fuerunt Deulecres filius Aaron qui tunc in fata conceſſit, ad ipſum filium noſtr. ratione mortis e…uſdem Deulecres, ſicut moris eſt in Iudaiſmo pertinentem occaſione noſtrae conceſsionis antedict. dederit et conceſſerit Hagio fil. Moſſe Iudeo London, una cum cuſtodia catal. et debitorum pertinent. ad pueros & haeredes ejuſdem Deulacres de catallis et debitis ſupradictis. Nos praedict. donationem & conceſsionem ratam habemus & acceptam. Volentes etiam eidem Hagino gratiam facere ſpecialem, concedimus eidem quod de debitis antedictis extentam, vel etiam prorogationem ſeu quietantiam, aliquam vel donum non faciemus infra quinquennium a tempore confect, preſentium. In cujus, &c. T. R. apud Weſtm. 26 die Novemb.
In 51 H. 3. I find this grant to divers plundered Jews of Lincoln, and other parts to recover their pawns which they could prove though their Charters were loſt or not extant on Record.
*Pat. 51. H 3. m. 10. Pro diverſis Iudeis.Rex di…ectis et fidelibus ſuis cuſtodibus pacis in Com. Linc. North. Ebor. & Vic. eorundem Com. et Vic. Norf. Suff. et Rutland, et omnibus Ballivis et fidelibus noſtris quos, &c. ſalutem. Volentes Manfro (and to ſundry other Iews there named) Iudeis Linc. et aliis Iudeis noſtris ejuſdem Civit. pro dampniset gravaminibus eis ab inimicis noſtris illatis in inſultu habito apud Linc: nec non et in turbatione regni noſtri gratiam facere ad praeſens. Conceſſimus quod Vadia ſua nominata in Cyrogr. inter ipſos et debit. ſuos confect. de debitis quae ſibi rationabiliter monſtrari poterint, in quorumcunque manibus exiſtent vadia illa in manus ſuas ſecundum legem et conſretudinem Iudaiſmi noſtri ſeiſientur, donec debita illa levantur et perſolventur eiſdem ſicut praedict. eſt; niſi debitores illi rationabiliter monſtrare poterint, quod de debitis illis debent eſſe quieti. In cujus, &c. T. R. apud Windſore.
*Pat. 51. H. 3. m. 30.The like Patent he made to Aaron the ſon of Lion le Blund a Jew of London this year upon the ſame grounds, being plundered by the King enemies in London and elſewhere.
*Pat. 52. H. 3. m. 6. Pro Hagio fil. Magiſtri Moſſei Judeo London.In 52 H. 3. the King confirmed the grant of Sam. a Jew of York to Hagino a Jew of London, of certain houſes in York, and grants to him further: pro nobis et haeredibus noſtris ſibi et haeredibus ſuis, quod ſupra domos praedict. nulla fiat diſtrictio pro aliquibus debitis in quibus Aaron (the father of Samuel) nobis tenebatur die quo in fata conceſſit. T. R. 30 die Aug. He likewiſe *Pat. 52. H. 3. m. 13, 16, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36.ratified the grant of a Jew of Wilton of a debt due to him to Tho. de Irpeign, with the grants of ſeveral houſes in Winton by ſundry Chriſtians and Jews to Benedict a Jew of Winton, Pardons a fee to a Jew, and grants ſome Jews that had ſuffered for him leave to levy their debts on their debtors lands.
There is likewiſe *Pat. 52. H. 3. m. 26.mention of what moneys were delivered into the Kings VVardrobe this year out of the profits of his Judaiſme, and an acquittance thereof to his Iuſtices.
This year the †Pat. 52. H. 3. m. 34.King granted to Hagino fil. Moſſei, and ſome other Jews, that they ſhould be exempted & quieti de omnibus auxiliis et Tallagiis ſuper ipſis aſſidendis, et de quibuſcunque debitis in quibus nobis tenentur, †Clauſ. 52. H. 3. m. 3.from the feaſt of St. Andrew uſque in terminum proximo ſequent. T. R. apud Clarendon 27 die Novemb.
†Clauſ. 52. H. 3. m. 4.In the Clauſe Rolls this year I find fines made by the Jews to the King, to enjoy the goods and debts of other Iews;†Ibid. m. 6. Prohibitions to the Iuſtices i…inerant, not to ſuffer any Iews to be vexed or proſecuted before them; cum ſicut nostis Iudei Angliae, coram aliquibus. Iuſtic. noſtr. de aliquibus Judaiſmum nostr. tangentibus non debean… placitare vel reſpondere, niſi coram Iuſtic. nostris ad cuſtod. Iud. aſsignatis. A grant to ſome Iews not to pardon acquit prorogue, or extend their debts for 5 years, with a confirmation thereof, and repeal of all ſubſequent grants to the contrary. *Ibidem 10.And a Grant of one Jews debt to another, and power to levy it, notwithſtanding any former pardons and releaſes thereof.
In the Plea Rolls of Hilary Term, Anno 52 H. 3. in the Treaſury of the Exchequer, there are ſeveral Legal ſuits. and proceedings before the Juſtices of the Jews in the Exchequer, ſome whereof I ſhall tranſcribe.
†Placita Hilarii Anno 52 H. 3. rot 5Decanus et Capitulus Linc. per ſuum attornatum opt. ſe 4 die verſus Moſſeum de Warwic. de placito, quod injustè ab eis exigit debitum per quandam cartam falſam, et contra Aſſiſam Iudaiſmi confectam, ut dicunt; et ipſe non venit. Et praeceptum fuit Conſtabulario, quod ipſum attachiari faciat, ita qued haberet corpus e…us coram Justiciariis, &c. Upon which the Conſtable returned, Quod dictus Moſſeus Non eſt inventus, &c. Et ſimiliter praeceptum eſt Vicecomiti Linc. quod attachiari faciat, &o.
In this Roll there are divers Actions againſt Jews, De Placito acquietationis debiti, &c. to diſcharge them of Debts, and to deliver up their Charters, Pawnes and Morgages, pretended to be diſcharged, releaſed, pardoned, or ſatisfied.
*Ibid. rot. 6. in dorſo.Done de Walingford petit verſus Henricum Cobbe, cuſtodem haeredis et terrarum Nicholai Cuppins medietatem unius Meſſuagii in parochia Sancti Petri in Winton, quae quondam fuit Dyay viri ſui; unde ipſe Dyay vir ipſius ipſam ſecundum Legem et conſuetudinem Iudaiſmi dotavit, &c.
*Ibid. rot. 7.In the 7th Roll there is a Confirmation of the Kings of certain Debts and Annuities aſſigned by Hagino Son of Moſes, a Jew, to Adam of Stratton, and this enſuing Writ to the Sheriff of Eſſex and elſwhere, to diſcharge one Peter Fitz-Roger of all Debts due to the Jews, after proclamation made in the Schools and Synagogues of the Iews two or three Sabbaths, and not ſuing for them within a prefixed time, after ſuch Proclamations returned.
Praeceptum fuit Vicecomiti Eſſex, quod clamari faciat per Scolas Judeorum Coleceſter, per duo vel tria Sabbata, ſi aliquis Judeus vel Judea aliquod Debitum exigere poterit de Rogero filio Petri, filii Gilberti, de debito ſuo proprio, vel, &c. tunc eſſent ad compotum. Et Vicecomiti mandatur tam Litera Latina quam Hebraica, quod nullus Judeus vel Judea aliquod Debitum exiget de predicto Rogero, &c. Eodem modo praeceptum fuit Conſtabulario Caſtri Norwic. and others, by writs both in Latin and Hebrew; and the certificate returned upon theſe writs was made both in Latine and Hebrew; The uſual form in that age in ſuch caſes.
In like manner, Praeceptum fuit Conſtabulario Turris London, quod clamari faciat per Scolas Judaeorum London, per duo vel tria Sabbata, ſi aliquis Iudeus vel Iudea aliquod Debitum exigere poterit, &c. that then they ſhould come in ad computandum, &c. and the returns of them are in Hebrew and Latin.
In the ſame Roll there is a recital of a Charter made by the King, dilecto fratri et fideli noſtro Willielmo de Ʋalence, et haeredibus vel aſſignatis, of an Annuity of 50 marks yearly, wherein Peter Fitz Matthew was bound to Aaron ben Abraham a Iew of London, uſque in finem ſaeculi, (the uſual form of the Iews charters, in caſes of fee ſimple) which Annuity the Iew had given to the King. In the end of the Charter the King warrants the gift, Secundam Aſſiſam Iudaiſmi.
In the dorſe of the ſame *Ibid. rot. 7. in dorſo.Roll, there is a Confirmation by the King of an Aſſignment of Annuities & Debts, to William Charls, by Sampſon Son of le Meſtre a Jew; and a VVrit Iuſticiariis ad cuſtodiam Iudaeorum aſſignatis, to inroll the Patent, dated ad Clarendon: with divers other writs of that nature.
In the 8 Roll * of the Pleas that year, there is this writ to the Sheriff.
*Ibidem Rot. 8.Henricus Dei gratia, &c. Vicecomiti Eſſex ſalutem. Conſtat Juſticiariis noſtris ad cuſtodiam Judeorum aſſignatis per inſpectionem Rotulorum de Scaccario noſtro, ſcilicet, quod Aaron filius Dueſſad vendidit et demi…t dilecto et fideli noſtro G. de Clare, Com. Glouc. et Hereford, unum debitum de 20 l. de feodo, ſub nomine Willielmi de Bernham, et Magiſtri Elye Iudei, together with other Debts, &c. Et quod praedictus Aaron habuit ſeiſinam per praeceptum noſtrum de terris & tenementis quae fuerunt praedictorum. VVillielmi et Roberti (another of the Debtors) in Borham, pro debitis praedictis, quam quidam ſeiſinam praefatus Comes habuit per praeceptum noſtrum, occaſione venditionis praedictae de terris et tenementis praedictis. Ac poſtmodum Iohanna quae fuit uxor Will. de Berneham, et Iohannes Anger in Curia noſtra coram Nobis recuperaverunt ſeiſinam de praedictis terris & tenementis per Judicium Curiae noſtrae praedictae. Et quia eadem ſeiſina ſic prefatis Iohannae et Iohanni adjudicata, &c. nihil debet praejudicare predicto Comiti quin ſecundum Aſſiſam et Conſuet udinem Judaiſmi noſtri habeat talem ſeiſinam de terris et tenetis praedictis qualem prius habuit occaſione dictorum debitorum ut predictum eſt, Tibi praecipimus quod ſeiſinam quam praefatus Comes prius habuit de terris et tenementis predictis, eidem rehabere facias, &c.
In the ſame Roll there is this Inquiſition made upon the Murder of a Jew ſlain at Oxford.
*Ibidem rot. 8.Praeceptum fuit Conſtabulario Caſtri Oxoniae et Cyrographo Chriſtiano et Judeo Archae Cyrograph: ejuſdem; quod per Sacramentum 12 Iudeorum inquirant, quae bona et catalla Iacobus Baſeni de Oxon: Judeus Oxon interfectus, habuit die quo interfectus fuit. Eodem modo preceptum eſt Ballivis Oxon: quod per Sacramentum 12 Chriſtianorum inquirant quae catalla dictus Iacobus habuit die quo interfectus fuit, &c.
Which will well explain the Articles in the ancient Eyres, and the manner of Inquiry and proceedings thereon, *See Tottles Magna Charta f. 151. and The firſt part of A ſhort De…urrer, Edit. 2.….48.56.De catallis Iudaeorum occiſorum, &c.
In the Plea Rolls of the ſame year and Term there is this record, manifeſting, that all Debts and Stars of converted Jews belonged to the King.
*Placita Hill. An. 52. H. 3. rot 9.Iospin fil. Solomon de Merlebridge ſhews to the Court that Iocette his Siſter was married to Salom filius Lumbard. of Kirkland: Et quod ipſa habuit in Archa Cyrogr. Merlebridge, unum Cyrographum de 32 marcis ſub nomine ſuo et Hugonis Lovel Rectoris Eccleſiae de Rudburn; that Iocette became a convert Chriſtian, and then did Solomon alter the Deed in his own name; Quae quidem Carta fuit Domini Regis, per converſionem praedictae Jocettae, et quod hoc totum ſit verum, obligat omnia bona &c. (out of ſpight to his Siſter for that ſhe was turned Chriſtian to make her forfeit this debt) Et preceptum eſt Vice-comiti, quod venire faciat praedictum Hugonem et Cyrographum Chriſtianum Archae Cyrographorum Merlebrige, et 6. Chriſtianos de Merlebrig &c. Et poſtea ipſe Ioſpinus non eſt proſecutus. Ideo omnia catalla dicti Ioſpini capiantur in manum Domini Regis, prout ipſe obligavit, &c. A juſt requital of his malice.
*Ibidem. m 9.Praeceptum fuit Cyrograph. Christianis et Iudaeis Archae Cyrogr. Norwic. quod ad Archam accedant, &c. and there take out 20 l: D…bt. for Edward the Prince due unto him, &c.
*Ibidem dorſ.Praeceptum est Cyrograph: Chriſtian. & Judeis Archae Cyrogr. Norwic. quod ad Archam praedictam accedant, and there take out all the Charters, Pawns, and Rolls belonging to Abraham a few of Norwich for the Kings uſe, becauſe he had not paid his Tallage of ten pounds to the King.
Rot. 10, 11, and 12. of the Pleas of Hil. 52 H. 3. conſiſt for the moſt part of Stars of the Jews: ſome whereof are aſſignments of Debts, and Sales of Annuities by Jews to Adam de Stratton, Simon de Zouch, and other Chriſtians, ratified by the Kings confirmation: Others of them, releaſes of Debts by way of Acquittance. Theſe Stars uſually began thus: Solomon de London Judaeus, cegnovit per Starrum ſuum, &c.
In the 53 year of King Henry the 3. a certain Jew abetted by the other Jews, in high con…empt of Chriſt crucified, in the ſolemn Proceſſion at Oxford on Aſcention day, threw down and brake in peeces the Croſſe that was carried before the Univerſity in Proceſſion, and then fled. Wherupon by the Kings ſpecial command all the in Oxford were apprehended, and their goods ſecured, till they out of their own goods and chattels erected a new ſtanding beautifull high Cro…ſe, adorned with guilt Pictures of Chriſt and our Lady, in the place where this wickedneſſe was perpetrated, and made another rich portable ſilver guilded Croſſe, to be carried before the Univerſity of the Maſters and Scholars of Oxford in their Proceſſions, which were to be made by a time prefixed, for the publike manifeſtation of the honour of God in this behalf, as theſe Records at large inform us, though not mentioned by any of our Hiſtorians.
*Clauſ. 53. H. 3. m. 12. De duabus Crucibus de bonis et Catallis Judeorum Oxon. faciendis.Rex Vic. Oxon. ſalutem. Cum Judaei noſtri Oxon. nobis adhuc non reſponderint de corpore illius Judei qui in vituperium crucifixi Crucem in ſolem…ni proceſſione die A…centionis Domini proſtra vit et fregit, per quod tibi pluries praecipimus, quod omnes Ju…eos praedictos ſine dilatione caperes, et ſalvo cuſtodires, et quod non permitteres eos aliquam adminiſtrationem habere de bonis et catallis eorum donec ſufficientem tibi preſtarent ſecuritatem, quod ſumptibus ſuis quandam Crucem marmoream pulchram et altam, bene et decenter inciſam et pollitam cum imagine crucifixi in capite ex parte una, et cum Imagine beatae Virginis cum filio ſuo ex parte altera, convenienter ſitis, et auro depictis, una cum cauſa predicta manifeſte ſuperſcripta, in loco ubi ſcelus praedictum extitit perpetratum. Et quandam aliam Crucem portatilem argenteam bene et ſubtiliter et decenter fabricatam, et deauratam, cum haſta ſine baculo, ejuſdem magnitudinls cum crucibus honorificis quas Archiepiſcopi coram ſe faciunt deportari, deferend. ante Univerſitatem Magiſtrorum et Scolarium Oxon. deferenda in proceſſionibus ſuis facerent, Et quod provid. quod pecunia ad praemiſſa facienda, cito levaretur, et quod omnia praemiſſa cum omni feſtinatione qua fieri poſſet expleres, et praedict. Crucem portatilem Procuratoribus Univerſitatis praedictae cuſtodiendam liberares; ita quod praemiſſa fierent citra feſtum ſancti Edwardi, quod erit in vigi…ia epiphan. Dom. proximo futur. Ac tu quoſdam de Judeis praedict. juxta mandatum noſtrum praedict. ceperis, qui ante captionem ſuam bona et catalla ſua diverſis hominibus Civitatis praedictae liberaverunt, per quod tu mandatum noſtrum praedict. minus plene exequi potes Nos volentes, quod praemiſſa modis omnibus fiant in forma praedicta, tibi praecipimus, quod aſſumptis tecum Majore villae praedict. et Coffrariis Judeorum noſtrorum ejuſdem villae in praeſentia proborum et legalium hominum de vi…la praedicta per quo… rei veritas melius ſciri poterit, diligenter inquiras ad quorum manus bon… et catalla praedictorum Judeorum de…enerunt, et qui ea …enent, et de bonis et catallis praedictis in quo rumcunque manibus exiſtant omnia praemiſſa fieri facias per viſum et teſtimonium hominum praedictorum, pro…t melius et citius videris expedire, et ſi neceſſe fuerit, bona et catalla praed. ad hoc vendas, et taliter te habea… i… hoc mandato noſtr. exequendo, quod id quod ad honorem Dei intendimus, in hac parte mauiteſtetur publice per effectum, et quod praemiſſa fiant ſine mora, T. R. apud Winton, 27 die December.
The money hereupon being levied on the Jews to make theſe Croſſes, and the King being informed that the marble Croſſe could not be erected in the place preſcribed, without damage and prejudice to ſome Burgeſſes of Oxford, whereupon they purpoſed to …rect it juſt over againſt the Jews Synagogue there. The King and his Counſel concei…ing that place inconvenient, ordered it to be ſet up within the place of M…rton Colledge near the Church, and the other portable Croſs to be delivered to the Schollars thereof, to be kept in their ſaid houſe, by this Writ.
*Clauſ. 53. H. 3. m. 10. De Cruce marmorea erigend. in placia Scholar. De Merton. Oxon. de quadam cruce portatili eiſdem liberand. in domo ſua.Rex Vic. Majori Ballivis & Coffrariis ſuis Oxon. ſalutem. Cum Judei noſtri Oxon. quandam Crucem quae in ſolempni proceſſione die Aſcentiones Dom. per villam noſtram Oxon. deferebatur, in vituperium crucifixi proſtraverint ec fregerint, per quod vobis alias praecipimus, quod ſumptious Judeorum praedict. fac. quandam Crucem marmoream pulchram et altam, bene inciſam et politam cum imagine Crucifixi in capite ex parte una, et cum Imagine beatae Virginis cum filio ſuo ex parte altero convenienter ſitis, et auro depictis. una cum cauſa praedicta manifeſte ſuperſcripta, in loco ubi ſcelus praedictum extitit perpetratum, et quandam aliam Crucem portatilem argenteam bene ſubtiliter et decenter fabricatam et deauratam, cum haſta ſine baculo, ejuſdem magnitudinis quam habent Cruces quas Archiepiſcopi faciunt coram ſe deportari, ante Univerſitatem Magiſtrorum et Scolarium Oxon. deferendam in Proceſſionibus ſuis. Et poſt modum intellexerimus, quod Crux praedicta marmorea in placea ubi ſcelus praedictum extitit perpetratum ſine dampno et nocumento quorundam. Burgenſium ejuſdem villae erigi non poſſet, per quod vobis alias praecepimus, quod Crucem praedictam in alia placea, ubi ſine dampno et nocumento ejuſdem villae fieri poſſit, erigi faceretis, quod ex oppoſito Synagogae Iud, ejuſdem villae facere provid. ut accepimus nos p…rpendientes, quod hoc indecens et inhoneſt. eſſet, de confilio Edwardi primogeniti noſtri, et aliorum fidelium noſtrorum, qui ſunt de concilio noſtro, volumus, quod praedicta Crux marmorea erigatur in pracea Scholarium de Merton, juxta Eccleſiam ſuam St. Joh. Baptistae in villa praed. Et ideo vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes, quod Crucem praedictam marmoream modo praedicto factam in placea praedictorum Scholarium erigi, Et praedictam Crucem portatilem praedictis Scholaribus liberari faciatis, cuſtodiend. in domo ſua ibidem; Ita quod eam deferri facian in ſolempni Proceſſione coram Magiſtris et Scolaribus praedictis ſicut praedictum eſt. Et hocnullatenus omittatis. T.R. apud Weſtm. 3 die Febr.
I have tranſcribed theſe two Records at large, for theſe reaſons: 1. Becauſe they are not remembred by any of our Chronicles. 2ly. Becauſe they fully manifeſt the bold and deſperate enmity of the Jews in that age againſt our crucified Saviour, in throwing down and breaking his Image, and repreſentation of his paſſion and Croſſe, even in the ſolemn Proceſſion of all the Univerſity and Scholars of Oxford on Aſcention day. A very bold attempt in that Popiſh age, which might have endangered all their lives. 3ly. Becauſe they evidence the Kings and his Councils zeal to puniſh this their malicious wickedneſſe, and to perpetuate the memory of it to all poſterity, at the Jews own coſts, by the making of theſe two Croſſes, on which their wickedneſſe was to be ingraven in marble, that it might be had in perpetual memory. 4ly. Becauſe it diſcovers the malice of the Jews in hiding their goods, and conveying them to others hands, to prevent the making and erecting of theſe Croſſes. 5ly. Becauſe they make mention of rhe Jews Synagogue at Ox…. by name, which no other Records remember. 6ly. Becauſe they fully diſcover the form of the Popiſh Croſſes and Crucifixes uſed in that age, which though made at the Jews coſt, yet they held it both undecent and diſhoneſt to erect the ſtandiig Croſſe ovet againſt the Jews Synagogue, who were ſuch inveterate enemies to Chriſts Croſſe and paſſion. 7ly. Becauſe they make much for the Honor and Antiquity of the Univ…rſity of Oxford my Nurſing-Mother, and Step-Mother to though ſuperiours unjuſt commands.
This year the King for the fine of 1000 pound per annum paid to him by the Commonalty of the Iews, granted them this exemption from Taxes for 3 years.
†Clauſ. 53 H. 3. pars 1. m. 6. De fine facto p…r Jud…is Angliae. Pat. 53 H. 3. m. 12.Rex Theſ. et Baron. ſuis de Scac. et Juſtic. ſuis ad cuſtod: Iudeorum aſſign. ſalutem. Sciatis, quod per finem mille librarum quam Communitas Judeorum noſtrorum Angliae nobiſcum fecit, conceſſimus eiſdem Judeis, quod a tempore confectionis praeſentium per triennium ſequens reſpectum habeant de Tallagio ſuper ipſos aſſidendo, niſi nos, aut filii noſtri juxta votum noſtrum interim proficiſcuntur ad terram Sanctam, ad quod neceſſe habeamus ſuper communitatem predict. Tallagium aſſidendi. Ita quod de fine predict. reddant Nobis die Martis prox. poſi octabis Sanctae Trin. 500 marcas, et in feſto Nati…. prox: 500 marc. & in feſto Sancti Michaelis prox. ſequenti reſiduas 500 marc. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod conceſſionem predict. in forma predict. coram vobis irrotulari, et pecuniam predict. ad terminos illos de Communitate predicta ad opus noſtrum levari fac. Et quia pauperes Judei commun. predict. ratione ſinis praedic…i ultra quam facultates ſuae ſuppetant nimi… exenerari poſſint, niſi finis ille circumſpecte et fideliter ſuper eos aſſideatur, vobis mandamus quod divitibus Iudeis noſtris in contributione facienda ad finem predict. non parcatur, et quod panperes Iudei ultra facultates ſuas non graventur. T. R. apud Windſ. 26 die Maii. Yet notwithſtanding at the ſame time he granted this writ to ſearch their Cheſts and Charters.
*Clauſ. 53 H. 3. pars 1. m. 6.Rex dilectis et fideli ſuis Iohan. de Weſtm. et VValtero de Croce aſſignatis ad Archas Iudeorum Angl: ſcrutandas ſalutem. Sciatis, &c. (relating the agreement and fine aforeſaid.) Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod omnia debitae in Cartis, et aliis munimentis infra Archas predict. contenta irrotulari faciatis, prout vobis injunximus viva voce. Et eum praemiſſa feceritis Coffrariis Archarum predict. Archas illas liberetis cariandas et reponendas locis quibus prius repoſitae extiterunt. Ita quod tam Chriſtiani quam Iudei Archarum illarum adminiſtrationem habeant, ſicut alias habere conſueverunt. T. R. ut ſupra.
This year the King called the Iuſtices of the Jews to give an account of the profits of his Judaiſm, as this record informs us.
†Clauſ. 53. H. pars 1. m. 13. De Compot. Juſtic. ad Cuſtod. Jud aſſign. audiendo.Rex Theſ. et Baron. ſuis de Scac. ſalutem. Mandamus vobis, quod ad certum diem quam duxeritis aſſignand. audiatis compotum Iustic. noſtr. ad cuſtod Iudeorum aſſignat. de exitibus e…uſdem Iudaiſmi, à tempore quo dictis Iuſtic. cuſt. ejuſdem Iudaiſmi commiſsimus cuſtodiend uſque ad feſtum Sancti Martini, an. reg. n. 53. Et cum compotum predict. vobis reddiderint ſicut predict: eſt, nobis ſignificatis qualiter nobis responderint, et in quibus finibus ſtetit compotus eorundem. Mandavimus enim eiſdem Iuſtic, quod ad diem quem eis ſciri fac. coram vobis accedant cum Rotulis, Talliis, et aliis compotum ſuum contingentibus, ad compotum ſuum predict. reddendum in forma praedict. T. R. apud Weſt. 8 die Nov. Per Regem et totum Conſilium.
Et mandatum eſt prefatis Iuſticiariis, quod coram prefat. Iuſticiariis accedant in forma predicta. Per Regem et totū Concilium.
This year the Jews without licenſe ſtragling abroad and ſetling themſelves in divers places where they had no cheſt, nor former reſidence, whereby they did many miſchiefs, and ſeduced and diſhinherited many, thereupon the King iſſued this writ to reduce them, and rectifie theſe abuſes.
*Clauſ. 53. H. 3 pars 1. m. 8. dorſo.Rex Vic. Oxon et Berks ſalutem. Quia pro certo intelleximus, quod per Judeos in diverſis regni noſtri partibus extra Civitates, Burgos et Villas, ubi nulla▪ eſt Communitas Iudeorum, nec Cyrograph. Archa, ſparſim habitantes in contumeliam redemptionis noſtri, et periculum animarum, nec non et multorum exhaeredationem malificia plurima committuntur. Nos hujuſmodi periculis ne ulterius invaleſcerent volentes ſalubriter providere, tibi praecipimus firmiter injungentes, quod per omnes Civitates, Burgos, & Villas in Balliva tua, ubi expediens fuerit, ex parte noſtra publice proclamari, & firmiter inhiberi facias; Ne quis Judeus vel Judea per ſe alibi quam in Civitatibus, Burgis & Villis ubi ſit communitas Iudeorum, vel Cyrograph. Archa, ſuper gravem forisfacturam noſtram de cetero preſumat habitare. Et hoc ſicut te et tua diligis non omittas. T. R. apud Windſ. 23 die Aprilis.
One of the principal things of Note concerning the Iews, this year, is the Ordinance concerning the Iews, made by the King, by the advice and counſel of Prince Edward his Sonne, and other honeſt men, for the relief of the chriſtians, touching the grievances they ſustained in their Debts and Fees morgaged to the Jews, and againſt the Iews aſſigning of their debts to others, without the Kings ſpecial Licenſe firſt obtained. Which I find enrolled in French in a very fair hand, in the Dorſe of the Clauſe and Patent Rolls of 53 H. 3. and in the Red Bocke of the Exchequer in the Remembrancers Office, fol. 242. with this Title there prefixed to it.
Proviſiones de Iudaiſmo liberatae ad Scaccarium, per Dominum Walterum de Merton.
*Clauſ. 53. H. …3 3. pars 1. m. 10 dorſo, and Pat. 53. H. 3. m. 25. dorſ.A la feſte de Seint Hillayre del an du regne le Roy Henry fiz le Roy Iohan. cinquante tierz, purvieu est per memes le Roy, et per le conſeil Sire Edward ſon fiz eyne, et de ſes autres prodes hommes, a lamendement de la Tere, Et Reliever les Creſtiens des Grevances que il ont eu par la Iuerye de Angletere, Re totes les Dettes a Gyvues qe ſont foez, et qe aparmenes ſunt as meines de Gyvus, et ne ſont done a Creſtien, ne vendu iſſint qe a vaunt ceo Jur. ſeent confirme par le Roy, vel arroule al Eſchekker, ſoent quites a Creſtiens qe les deyvent et a lour Eyres a tuz Jurs. Enſement les arrerages et les chartres par la ou eles ſerrunt trouees des avant dites detres de foez, ſeent renduz a Creſtiens de ke les dettes ſont dues ou a lour eyres. Et ſi par aventure acune Chatre fuſt miſe en huche ou troue des ore, mes nul lu ne tyene. Et qe nul Gyvu de ceo jur en avant tel manere de dette de foe ne ne preigne, ne ne face. Et enſement qe nul Gyvu ceo Feo a Creſtien ne venda de ceſt jur. en avant ſur forfeiture de vie et de chatel, ne Creſtien ne lachate ſur forfeiture de ſon chatel et de ſon heritage.
Et enſement eſt purveu par lavant dit Roy, et par le conſeil Sire Edward, et des avant dit prodes homes, qe nul Gyvu des ore mes ne puſe vendre ſa dette a Creſtien ſi il ne eyt primes le conge le Roy. Et ſi Creſtien la chate par le conge le Roy rien ne puſſe plus aver ke le Roy ne averoit ſi la dette euſt en ſa mein, ceo eſt a ſaver, le chatel qe eſt troue en chartre ſaunz Uſure.
This Ordinance within few months after, Anno 54 H. 3. was commanded to be put in execution by this writ to the Barons of the Exchequer, which thus recites it.
*Clauſ. 54 H. 3. pars 1. m. 8. dorſo.Rex Baron. de Scac. ſalutem. Quia proviſum eſt per Nos, et Edwardum Primogenitum noſtrum, et alios fideles de conſilio noſtro ad meliorationem ſtatus terrae noſtrae, et ad relevationem Chriſtianorum a gravaminibus, quae hactenus habuerunt per Judeos et Judaiſmum noſtrum Angliae; Quod omnia debita Judeorum quae ſunt feoda, et quae die Sancti Hillarii An. r. n. 53. fuerunt in manibus Judeorum, et quae non fuerunt data et vendita Chriſtianis, ita quod ante diem illum eſſent confirmata per nos, vel irrotulata in Rotulis noſtris ad Scac. noſtrum Judeorum, quieta ſint Chriſtianis qui ea debent et eorum heredibus imperpetuum, una cum arreragiis eorundem debitorum: et quod Chartae de hujuſmodi feodis ubicunque erunt inventae ſint liberatae Chriſtianis qui talia feoda debent, vel eorum heredibus: et quod ſi forte aliqua hujuſmodi Carta ſit inventa in Archa Cyrogr. vel. extra amodo nullius ſit valoris. Et quod nullus Judeus a predicto die inantea, talia debita de feodo recipiat vel faciat. Et ſimiliter quod nullus Judeus talia feoda Chriſtianis vendat a predicto tempore, ſuper forisfacturam vitae ſuae, et catallorum ipſius, nec Chriſtianus ea emat ſuper forisfacturam catallorum ipſius et ſuae haereditatis. Vobis mandamus, quod omnia Cyrographa ſuper hujuſmodi feodis per quoſcunque confecta, coram vobis ad Scac. noſtrum venire faciatis, et ea quae ante praedict. diem Sancti Hillarii non fuerunt per nos confirmata, nec in rotulis noſtris ad Scac. noſtrum Judeorum irrotulata, prout ſuperius eſt expreſſum, cancellari faciatis, et creditoribus, vel eorum haeredibus quieta reddatis. T.R. apud Weſtm. 14 die Maii.
The later part of this Ordinance (here omitted) againſt ſelling debts without licenſe, is frequently recited in ſpecial Licenſes granted by the King to Jews to ſell their debts, the very next year after its making, and proved very gainfull to the King and his Officers.
†Pat. 54. H. 3. pars. 1. m. 16. Pro Jacobo. Judeo, & Galſ. de Lukenor.Rex omnibus &c. ſalutem. Cum nuper de conſilio Edwardi primogeniti noſtri, et aliorum fidelium regni noſtri in praeſentia noſtra proviſum eſſet, quod nullus Judeus debitum aliquod, quod ſibi a Criſtiano debetur alicui vendere poſſit niſi prius a nobis optenta ſuper hoc licentia ſpeciali: et ſi Chriſtianus▪ aliquis debitum hujuſmodi de licentia nostra emat, nihil plus inde habeat, quam nos haberemus ſi debitum illud eſſet in manu noſtra, viz. Catallum quod inventum eſt in Carta inde confecta SINE USURA. Nos Jacobo fil. Moſſe Iudeo Oxon, dedimus licentiam vendendi Galf. de Lukenore debitum illud in quo Laur. de Cheleſton eidem Iudeo tenetur per cartam ſuam: Et etiam idem Galfredo dedimus licentiam emendi idem debitum à praefat. Judaeo in forma proviſionis ſupradictae. In cujus, &c. T. R. apud Weſtm. 7. die Maii.
Clauſ. 54 H. 3. m. 10. in ſc…ed. there is a writ, to diſcharge ſome debts of the King out of the eſtate of a deceaſed Iew, directed to the Iuſtices aſſigned for their cuſtody. In the Patent Rolls of this year, I find this recital of the Kings grant of Aaron a Jew to his Sonne Edmond, and of Edmonds grant and infranchiſement of Aaron, and the Kings confirmation thereof.
*Pat. 54 H. 3. m. 1. Pro Edmundo fil. Regis & Aaron Judeo.Omnibus, &c. ſalutem. Inſpeximus Cartam quam Edmundus fil. noſter fecit Aaron fil. Vynes in haec verba. Omnibus praeſentem cartam viſuris vel audituris, Edmundus illuſtris Regis Angliae filius, ſalutem. Cum Dom. Rex pater noſter dederit et conceſſerit Nobis Aaron fil. Vynes Iudeum, cum omnibus bonis, debitis, & catallis ſuis liberam et quietam de omnibus Tallagiis, auxiliis, preſtitis et demanmandis quibuſcunque, ita quod eum, cum omnibus bonis & catallis ſuis habeamus, et teneamus, cum omnibus libertatibus, legibus, et conſuetudinibus Iudaiſmi Angliae, prout hujuſmodi conceſſio in praedicti patris noſtri carta ſuper hoc confecta plenius continetur. Nos eidem Aaron Iudeo ſpecialem gratiam facere volentes, ipſum cum omnibus bonis debitis et catallis ſuis tenore praeſentium donavimus libertati, concedentes eidem quod ipſe toto tempore vitae ſuae liber ſit de nobis ab omnibus Tallagiis, auxiliis, preſtitis & demandis, reddend. nobis quamdiu vixerit quolibet anno ad feſtum Pentecost. unum par caelcarium de aurator. pro omnibus exactionibus & demandis. In cujus rei testimonium ſigillum noſtrum fecimus apponi. Dat. Winton. 11 die Auguſti Anno Reg. Dom. patr. noſtr. praedicti. 54. Nos autem praedictas donationem & conceſſionem, &c. pro nobis & haeredibus noſtris, quantum in nobis eſt, concedimus et confirmamus ſicut carta praedicta rationabiliter reſtatur. T. ut ſupra.
Here the King grants a Jews perſon, with all his goods, debts, and chattels to his Son, like an abſolute Villain, and his Son, thus infranchiſeth him afterwards by this Charter, which the King confirms, and is mentioned in 18 E. 1. * hereafter cited.
This grant of Aaron by his Son, is recited in this Patent Roll, with this addition.
*Pat. 54. H. 3. m. 7.Volumus etiam quod idem Aaron habeat Archam ad reponend Cyrogr. ſua loco quo in terris ipſius filii noſtri moraturus fuerit, ſecundum legem et conſuetudinem Judaiſmi noſtri, et quod ministri noſtri levari faciant eidem Iudeo debita ſua quae ei debentur vel debebuntur de debitoribus ſuis in regno noſtro, prout rationabiter monſtrare poterit per Cyrogr. ſua vel per literas patentes quod ei in debitis illis teneantur, & prout de jure, & ſecundum legem et conſuetudinem Judaiſmi praedict. fuit faciendum.
I find this Patent of the Kings this year, contradicting his Title to a Jews houſe, as eſcheated to him by his death, and ratifying the Jews demiſe thereof by his laſt Will.
*Pat. 54. H. 3. m. 3. Pro Creſſe fil. mag. Moſſei Iud, London.Rex omnibus, &c. Quia accepimus per Inquiſitionem quam per Conſtab. Turris noſtrae London, et Majorem & Vicecomites noſtros London fie…i fecimus, quod Domus illa cum pertinemiis in Vico de Melchſtreet in Civit. noſtra London quae fuerunt Creſſ. fil. Mag. Moſſei quondam Iudei Lon…on, non ſunt nec eſſe poſſunt Eſchaeta nostra per mortem illius Creſſ. & quod nunquam in vita ſua in aliquo deliquit contranos, ſed tanquam bonus et fidelis Iudeus bene et fidelitermore Judeorum vixit, et teſtamentum ſuum, ſecundum conſuetudinem Judaiſmi noſtri fecit, et domos praedict. cum omnibus pertinentiis ſuis Cok. fil. ſuo legavit in teſtamento praedicto. Nos eidem Cok. domos praedict. cum pertinentiis, quantum ad nos pertinet conceſſimus et reddidimus; tenend. et habend. in forma Testamenti ſupradicti, ſalvo jure cujuſlibet. In cujus, &c. T. R, apud Windſ. 29 die Sept.
This year ſome Jews of Winchester fearing an aſſault upon them, by reaſon of ſome differences between them and the Citizens, the King granted this new ſpecial protection, and committed them to the cuſtody of ſundry Citizens thereof, to protect them from violence and damage.
*Pat. 54. H. 3. m. 18. Pro Iudeis Winton.Rex dilecto ſibi in Chriſto Simoni le Draper, (and to 25 others there named) ſalutem, Quia per quandam contentionis materiam inter quoſdam de Civibus noſtris ejuſdem villae, et Benedictum fil. Abrah. Iudeum noſtrum illius villae nuper habitam, multi homines de dicta villa praedicto Benedicto, & aliis Judeis noſtris in eadem villa commorantibus, de corporibus ſuis manifeste minati, ſunt ut accepimus; Nos volentes dictorum noſtrorum Judeorum indempnitati prospicere, ipſos homines, terras, domos, res, redd…tus, et omnes poſſeſſiones eorundem in noſtram protectionem et defenſionem ſuſcepimus ſpecialem, vos ad eorum ma…orem tuitionem et ſecuritatem cuſtodes et Protectores ſuos aſſignantes. Et ideo vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes, quod per totam Civitatem noſtram praedict. publice clamari faciatis, Ne quis ſub periculo vitae & membrorum praedict. Judeis in perſonis vel rebus ſuis dampnum inferet, vel gravamen. Et vos ipſi praedict. Judeos, familias ſuas, terras, domos, res, redditus, et omnes poſſeſſiones eorum tam infra dictam Civitatem quam extra, quantum in vobis eſt, manuteneatis, protegatis, et defendatis. Non inferentes eis vel inferri permittentes injuriam, moleſtiam, dampnum, vel gravamen. Et ſi quid eis foriſfactum fuerit id eis ſine dilatione faciatis emendari. Volentes etiam quod praetextu iſtius mandati in nullo vos intromitttais de placitis quaer…lis aut aliis ipſos Iudeos tangentibus, quae ad Conſtab. Castri noſt…i Winton pertinent, & hactenus pertinere conſueverunt. In cujus T. R. apud Weſtm, 26 die Decemb.
Patents 54. H. 3. m. 24. The King grants to Benedict, a Iew, that he will not prorogue, releaſe, pardon or extend any debts due unto him for 5 years ſpace, and by his Charter confirms a grant of an Annuity in fee made by two Jews Alardo de Hermigſham et haeredibus ſuis.
In the 55 year of H. 3. I find *Clauſ. 54. H. 3. m. 2.7.two Prohibitions to the Iuſtices itinerant in Suſſex and Kent, to hold pleas of the Jews in Suſſex or Kent, or concerning Iudaiſmum noſtrum, contra legem & conſuetudinem Iudaiſmi ſuprapraedicti. T. R. apud Windſ. 28 die Sept. Alſo *Ib. m. 6.a Pardon of all uſury and penalties due to Jewes by ſome poore Debtors. A grant of 30 l. to one Martin out of the debts of Jews. A Writ of reſpite of fines not paid by ſome Jews out of meer poverty at the times appointed them, to the Juſtices of the Jews *Ib. m. 6.quatenus termiuos ſuos praedictos taliter admenſuretis, q…od ſalvo contenemento ſuo poſſint nobis de eo quod aretro eſt de fine praedicto ſatisfacere, & etiam Tallagio nostro, ſimul cum aliis Iudeis contribuere, & ne per defectum mendicare. T. R. apud Weſtm. 26 die April. Some other particulars concerning the fines of Iews are in this Roll.
In the Patent Rolls of this year, there *Pat. 55. H. 3. m. 4, 5, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 28.29.are divers releaſes of the King of the debts, uſuries, and penalties due to Jews, and confirmations of grants of Houſes and Debts aſſigned by Jews to others, Licenſes for ſundry Jews to ſell their debts, according to the forementioned Ordinance of 53 H. 3. all running in the ſame form with that already cited; And a grant to ſome Jews not to pardon reſpite nor extend their debts. But the more ſpecial things therein are theſe two.
Firſt, this Licenſe to a Jew to dwell where he pleaſed, amongſt any Jews, in what Burrough of England he liſted.
*Pat. 55. H. 3. m. 29. Pro Aaron fil. Vyn.Rex omnibus, &c. ſalutem. Sciatis quod ad inſtantiam Edwardi fil. noſtri cariſſimi concedimus Aaroni fil. Vynes Iudeo, quod in quocunque Burgo Regni noſtri voluerit, ubi alii Judei habitant, morari poſſit pro voluntate ſua ſine contradictione noſtra, vel Ballivorum noſtrorum quorumcunque. Dum tamen tanquam bonus et fidelis Judeus ſe gerat et habeat in eodem. In cujus, &c. T. R. apud Windſ. 30 die Octob. An. 55.
Next, this morgage of Judaiſme for payment of 2000 marks to Richard King of Almain.
*Pat. 55. H. 3. m. 12. De Judaiſmo Angliae.Rex omnibus, &c. ſalutem. Cum ante receſſum cariſſ. fil. Edwardi primogeniti noſtri, verſus terram ſanctam dederimus eidem Edw. 6000 marc. de Judaiſmo noſtro in ſubſidium peregrinationis ſux, de quibus 6000 marc. 4000 marc. exceptis quibuſdam arreragiis ſolvuntur eidem; Ita quod 2000 marc. et eadem arreragia adhuc ſibi reddenda ſuperſunt; & ipſe filius noſter moram ſaciens in terra ſancta non mediocriter pecunia indigeat ad expenſas ſuas, propter quod car. fr. & fid. n. Ricus. Rex Alemani: illuſtris illa 2000 mar. quae aretro. ſunt, &c. fil. noſtro credidit ad partes noſtras. Nos eidem Rico. pro praedicta Curialitate dict. fil. n. facta conceſſimus, quod ipſe vel executores vel aſſign. ſui hab…ant et teneant Judaiſmum noſtrum, et Judaeos noſtros Angliae, a Feſto ſancti Michis An. 1271. uſque ad Feſtum ſancti Michis prox. ſequent. per unum An. completum pro praed. 2000. marc. dicto fil. n. creditis. Ita Scil. quod Iudei noſtri Angl. illa 2000 marc. dict. fratri noſtro terminis ſubſcriptis ſolvant infra praedict. An. Then he limits the time for she Iews to pay it by ſeveral ſummes. Et ſi pretextu noſtro, vel mandatorum noſtrorum huic conceſſioni noſtrae contradictorum dictus frater noſter fuerit impeditus, quo minus dictam pecuniam dictis terminis levare poſſit, tunc liceat ei tam diu Judaiſmum noſtrum in manu ſua tenere, donec ſuper principale debito, et paena praedict. fuerit ſibi ſatisfactum. Hanc autem conceſſ. dicto fratri noſtro fecimus, ſalvis nobis & haeredibus noſtris placitis, perquiſitis, & eſchaetis dicti Judaiſmi noſtri ad nos pertinentibus de toto tempore praedict. &c. Nec volumus quod praedict. frat. n. infra terminum praedict. aliquam faciat pardonationem, quietantiam, vel alienationem de debitis Judaiſmi noſtri memorati, nec tempore praedict. aliquod aliud recipiat de Judaiſmo noſtro niſi debitum praed. 2000 marc. &c. In cujus, &c. T. R. apud Weſtm. 15 die Iun.
Anno 56. H. 3. In the Clauſe Roll I find *Clauſ. 56. H. 3. m. 1.7, 8, 9, Sched. m. 13.Many licenſes to Jews to ſell their Debts, wherein the Ordinance of 53 H. 3. is recited, A Releaſe and grant of ſome debts of Jewes, and to take the Charters of them out of the Cheſt. Reſpites of other debts due to them, pardon of uſury to others, and an extent of Creditors Lands at reaſonable rates.
But the moſt material things in this Roll are. The *Clauſ. 56. H. 3. m. 4.7.Kings aſſignation of 1000 lib. to Prince Edward out of the Tallage of the Jews this year, de quibuſdam certis perſonis praedict. Iudeorum percipiendas, ſome of which having paid their proportion to the Prince are thereupon diſcharged of former ſequeſtrations on them and their eſtates. And this gift of the Jews Synagogue in London to the Friers penitents in London, whom the Jewes with their Howlings in it diſturbed at their Maſſes, and Divine ſervices; yet licenſing them; if they pleaſed, to build another Synagogue in any convenient place that ſhould be elſewhere allotted them.
*Clauſ. 56. H. 3. m. 3.Rex Majori & Vic. ſuis London. Quia dilecti nobis in Chriſto fratres de paenitentia Jeſu Chriſti London commorantes per ſtrepitum Judeorum confluentium ad Eccleſiam ſuam quae contigua eſt Oratorio dictorum fratrum ibidem, et etiam pro ipſorum Judeorum continuam ululatum in eadem Schola, juxta ritum ſuum, impediantur quo minus ea quae ad Officium ſpirituale pertinent exercere poſſint, circa celebrationem divinorum, et praecipue hora confectionis corporis Jeſu Chriſti, ſicut per teſtimonium fidelium accepimus. Nos ad divina inibi quietius celebranda, volentes predict. impedimentum modis omnibus amoveri, ob ſalutem animae noſtrae, et animarum predeceſſorum, et haeredum noſtrorum, de gratia noſtra ſpeciali dedimus et conceſſimus predictis fratribus & ſucceſſoribus ſuis in augmentum manſi ſui ibidem, predict. Scholam, una cum fundo ejuſdem: Habend. & tenend. eiſdem fratribus & ſucceſſoribus ſuis imperpetuum. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod eiſdem fratribus de Scola illa ſicut praedict. eſt, plenam ſeiſinam ſine dilatione habere faciatis. Suſtinentes quod predicti Judei ſibi aliam Scholam alibi, ubi ad minus nocumentum dictorum fratrum, et Eccleſiae ſuae, et Eccleſiarum alirum fieri poterit facere, vel conſtruere poſſint ſi voluerint, et ſibi viderint expedire. T. R. apud St. Edmundum. 6. die Sept.
There being ſome few poor Jews converted this ſame yeare, and the revenues of the Houſe of the Converts being ſwallowed up by rich Jews not living in it, and the poor Converts there like to ſtarve for want of relief, and enforced to begg from door to door; thereupon the King aſſigned to a convert Jew and his wife, a certain annual penſion out of ſome houſes in London belonging to the Houſe of the Converts, and iſſued a Commiſſion to inquire of and regulate the abuſed revenues of the Houſe of Converts which he had founded, and to beſtow them on the poor Jews, &c. as theſe Records at large relate.
*Pat. 56 H. 3. m. 15. pars 1. Pro Converſis London.Rex omnibus, &c. ſalutem: Sciatis quod cum de propriis bonis et elemoſinis noſtris fundaverimus quandam domum in honore ſanctae Trin. infra ſuburbium civitatis noſtrae London, ad uſus Converſorum ab errore Judaico uſque ad fidem Chriſtianam, quoſdam redditus noſtros ad ſuſtentationem eorundē aſsignando, Conceſſimus pro nobis et haeredibus noſtris, quantum in nobis eſt, Nich. aurifabro London, et Matildae uxori ejus converſis, quod ipſe Nich. ſingulis ſeptimanis decem denar. et ipſa Matilda ſingulis ſeptimanis octo denar. habeant. et percipiant per manus ſuas ad ſuſtentationem ſuam quoad vixerint, de redditibus predictis dictae domus, a nobis aſſignatis infra civitatem predictam: videlicet, de domibus Walteri de Vallibus in parochia Sanctae Wyburge duas marcas: de quatuor ſhopis ejuſdem Walteri in parochia Sancti Matth. de Fridaiſtreet, viginti ſolidos: de domibus Hugonis Mothon in parochia de Aldermanchirche, viginti ſolidos, et de tenementis Will: Bokerell viginti ſolidos, et quatuor denarios debitis terminis quibus iidem redditus reddi debent et conſueverunt. Ita etiam quod quandocunque alter praedict. Nich: et Matild. diem ſuum clauſerit extremum, porcio predicta ipſum Nicholaum ſeu ipſam Matildam contingens ad predictam domum integre revertatur imperpetuum. In cujus &c. Teſte Rege apud Weſtmonaſterium 28 die Aprilis.
*Patents … 6. H. 3. pars 1. m. 19. de inquirendo de redditibus Converſorum London, & eiſdem redditibus pauperioribus Converſis aſſignandis.Rex dilectis ſibi Majori London, et Magiſtro Johanni de Sancto Dioniſio clerico ſuo, Cuſtodi domus Converſorum London, ſalutem. Ex parte pauperum Converſorum noſtrorum London, nobis et conſilio noſtro eſt oſtenſum, quod cum nihil habeant unde ſuſtentari poſſint, nec fit, qui eis in aliquo ſubveniat hoſtiatim mendicare coguntur, et quaſi fame moriuntur; Et cum certos redditus ad ſuſtentationem ipſorum in Civitate London et alibi aſſignari fecerimus, ipſi ex hiis nihil percipiunt, ſet quidam alii Converſi divites alios redditus et poſſeſſiones habentes qui etiam non morantur, nec converſantur in domo noſtra predicta, redditus ipſos pro magna parte percipiunt, et ad uſus ſuos pro voluntate ſua convertunt, quod ulterius ſuſtinere nolumus, nec debemus, maxime cum predictos redditus dictae domui, non pro divitibus ſet pauperibus et egenis, et ex cauſa neceſſitatis fecerimus aſſignari. Volentes igitur premiſſa in melius reformari: vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes, quod per Sacramentum proborum & legalium hominum de civitate & ſuburbio London diligenter inquiratis, qui ſunt redditus et bona predicta? & quantum valeant per annum? & quis vel qui ea percipiunt? & a quibus et qualiter hactenus diſtributa et di…penſata fuerunt? & quae ſuper premiſſis corrigenda et reformanda videritis, ſine dilatione corrigatis. Proviſo quod bona et redditus domus predictae prefatis converſis qui magis indigent juxta merita neceſſitatis ipſorum, decetero aſſignentur: de aliis etiam quae ad ſervicium & debitum ſtatum Capellae noſtrae ibidem, ac domus praedictae in melius reformandum pertinere noſcuntur, provideatis in omnibus prout melius et honeſtius videritis expedire. Volumus etiam, quod ſicut predicti redditus dictae domui ad ſuſtentationem commorancium in eadem ſpecialiter aſſignati ſunt; Ita etiam ad domum deferantur et diſtribuantur ibidem, ſicut predictum eſt; Et ſi quos vobis aut ordinationi veſtrae reſiſtentes aut contradicentes inveneritis, eos per ſequeſtrationes porciorum ſuarum et aliter, prout opus eſſe videritis, compeſcatis. T. R. apud Weſm. 26 die Febr.
This year the King granted this enſuing Pardon to a Jew for ſelling a pretended Debt for which he had no Charter, to another; for which he was committed Priſoner to the Tower, and for making an eſcape from thence, without Licenſe; for which pardon he paid a Fine to the King.
†Pat. 56 H. 3. pars 1. m. 17.Rex omnibus &c. ſalutem. Sciatis quod cum Abraham filius Jocei Judeus Ebor. pro quater viginti et undecim libris argenti, quas Thomas de Baſing civis noſter London, verſus eum diſrationaverat in Curia noſtra coram Iuſticiariis noſtris ad cuſtodiam Judeorum aſſignatis, eccaſione cujuſdam debiti in quo idem Abraham dixerat Will. de Dyve, ſibi teneri, quod quidem debitum ipſe Judeus dicto Thomae vendidit; unde nulla Carta inter ipſum Judeum et predictum Wil. in Archa noſtra potuit inveniri; per praeceptum Juſtic, eorundem caperetur et infra Turrim noſtram London detineretur, et eidem Abrahamo à quibuſdam Emulis ſuis ſit impoſitum, quod ab eadem Turri ſine licentia cuſtodis ſui ſive warranto temere receſsit; licet per literas noſtras feciſſemus eum deliberari, Nos per finem duodecim biſanciarum quas predictus Abrahamus nobis ſolvit praemanibus, pardonavimus eidem Abrahamo tranſgreſsionem quam feciſſe dicitur vendendo debitum praedictum ſine Carta, et etiam tranſgreſsionem quam feciſſe dicitur recedendo a Turri praedicta tempore detentionis ſuae praedictae. Et ideo vobis mandamus quod praedictum Abraham occaſione tranſgreſsionum praedictarum non occaſionetis in aliquo vel gravetis. T. R. apud Weſtm. 26 die Martii.
†Pat. 56. H. 3. pars 1. m. 19.This year I find a ſpecial Licence for a Jew to aſſign his Debt, according to the Proviſions in 53. H. 3. therein mentioned in form above rehearſed.
This year the King appointed this ſpecial form of Manucaption, body for body for the Jews then impriſoned in the Tower for their Tallages, and petitioning to be bailed; diſcovering how ſtrictly the King dealt with them in levying their heavy Taxes.
†Pat. 56. H. 3. pars 1. m. 10.Rex Theſ. & Baronibus ſuis de Scaccario, ſalutem. Sciatis nos de Conſilio noſtro talem formam manucaptionis Iudaeorum incarceratorum apud Turrim London providiſſe, videlicet, quod manucaptores manucapiant ipſos Iudeos quos manucapere volunt; habendo corpora praedictorum Iudaeorum quos manuceperunt à die Sancti Johan. Baptiſtae, in 15 dies corpus pro corpore, liberand. Conſtabular: Turr. praedictae carceri mancipanda ad voluntatem nostram, donec nobis ſatisfecerint de Tallagiis ſuis ſuper ipſos aſſeſſis, niſi praedicta tallagia ſolvere velint ad terminos ſubſcriptos▪ videlicet medietatem ad quindenam Sancti Johan. Baptiſt. prox: futur. et aliam medietatem ad feſtum Sancti Jacobi Apostoli prox. ſequent. Ita quod ſi praedecti manucapti praedictam ſolutionem fecerint ad praedictos terminos, quieti ſint praedicti manucaptores. Et ſi in ſolutione praedicta in toto vel in parte defecerint ad eoſdem terminos, et praedicti manucaptores habeant corpora manucapta ad praedictum terminum in forma praedicta. tunc ſimiliter quod ſint de manucaptione ſua. Ita tamen quod praedicti Manucapti quicquid prae manibus ſolverint de praedicto tallagio, vel etiam ad aliquem terminorum praedictorum, niſi totum ſolverint illud penitus amittant, et nihilominus corpora ſua, una cum omnibus catallis et debitis ſuis nobis incurrantur ad voluntatem noſtram inde faciendam; et ſi manucaptores corpora manucaepta ad praedictum terminum non liberaverint, nec manucapti Tallagium ſuum ſolverint, ſicut praedictum eſt; tunc corpora manucapientium, una cum omnibus Catallis et debitis ſuis incurrantur ad voluntatem nostram inde faciendam ſicut praedictum eſt. In cujus &c. T. R, apud Weſtm. 21 die Iunii.
In the 57 and laſt year of King Henry the 3. I find *Clauſ. 57. H. 3. m. 11.only a ſpecial licenſe for a Jew to ſell his Debt to a Chriſtian, wherein the ordinance of 53 H. 3. is recited.
I have now run through all the moſt material Records of King Henry the 3 his long and tedious reign, relating to the Jews and their affairs, pretermitting ſome few only of leſſe moment and private concerment in ſome of the Fine, Clauſe, and Patent Rolls, where thoſe who are not fully ſatisfied with theſe already recited may glean them at their leaſures.
I now proceed to the Records in the reigne of King Edward the firſt, omitting all paſſages of the Jewes in the Fine Rolls of his reign, as of leſſe moment, ſeeing the Patent and Clauſe Rolls afford us much plenty and variety of matter concerning our Engliſh Jews affairs, their final baniſhment out of England, and ſale of their houſes eaſcheated by their exile, which Records were never yet publiſhed to the world in print and are unknown to moſt men.
King Henry the 3 deceaſing, and his Son Edward the 1 ſucceeding him, Anno 1272. thereupon he conſtituted Hamon Hattayn and Robert de Ludham Juſtices for the cuſtody of his Jews, commanding the Treaſurer and the Barons of the Exchequer to deliver to them the keys of the Jews Cheſts, together with the Rolls, Writs, and other things belonging to the Jews, as they had formerly done to other Juſtices, by this Writ.
[a]Clauſ. 1. E. 1. m. 10. De Juſticiarits Judaeorum.Quia Rex conſtituit Hamonem Haittayn et Robernum de Ludham Juſticiarios ſuos ad cuſtodiam Judaeorum ſuorum; Mandatum eſt Theſaurario et Baronibus de Scaccario, quod eiſdem Hamoni & Roberto claves Archarum Judaiſmi, una cum Rotulis, Brevibus, et omnibus aliis Judaiſmum illud contingentibus liberent, prout aliis Juſticiariis ibidem prius conſuevit. Dat. per manum W. de Merton Cancellar. apud Weſtm. 27 die Ianuarii.
Theſe new Juſtices were conſtituted not above 5 weeks after Kings Henries death, and they were, as all their Predeceſſors in that Office (firſt inſtituted by King (b)See the 1. part of the Demurrer, p. 14, 15. Hoveden Annal. pars poſterior. p. 745.Rich. the 1 Anno 1194.) Iuſticiarii ſui ad cuſtodiam Iudaeorum ſuorum, to ſhew that the Jews were nothing elſe but the Kings own VVards and Villaines, and under his cuſtody and protection only as ſuch, to tax and plunder them at his pleaſure, as his Father and Grandfather had done before him.
It appears by the Liberate of 1 E. 1. m. 1. & 2. that the King allowed 20 marks a year to theſe Juſtices of the Jews for their Salary; And the cuſtody of the Rolls and writs of the Jews were committed this year to William Middleton, as is evident by this Record.
*Clauſ. 1. E. 1. m. 9.Cum Rex commiſerit Willielm. de Middleton Rotulos & brevia Iudaiſmi ſui quae ſunt in cuſtodia Theſauri & Baronum Scaccarii, cuſtodiend: quamdiu Domino Regi placuerit. Mandatum eſt eiſdem Theſaurario et Baronibus, quod eidem Will. Rotulos & Brevia liberent ſicut praedictum eſt.
The ſame year this King in the beginning of his reign cauſed his peace and protection to be publikely proclaimed, as well to all the Jews as others within England, and other his Dominions, as this record recites for the Jews in B…uges in Flanders.
*Clauſ. 1. E. 1. m. 7. Dorſo De Judaeis de Burges.Rex Vicecomiti Mall. ſalutem. Cum nuper pacem noſtram per totum Regnum noſtrum publicè proclama…i fecimus, …et eam omnibus et ſingulis de regno noſtro tam Iudaeis, quam Chriſtianis obſervari praecepimus, & praecipimus quod Iudaei nostri de Bruges in Balliva tua manuteneas, & defendas, ita quod eis pax noſtra, prout ejus per totum regnum noſtrum proclamari fecimus, inviolabiliter obſervetur. Et non exigas vel exigi permittas ab eiſdem redemptiones vei alias extorſiones ad opus noſtrum, vel alicujus alterias, niſi quatenus ad debita noſtra, ſeu Domini Henrici Regis patris noſtri, ſeu Tallagia, aut alia ad quae de jure tenentur ab eis levanda, de noſtro, aut ejuſdem Domini Henr. patris noſtri mandato Warrantum habueris, Datum &c. apud Weſtm. 15 die Iunii.
Yet notwithſtanding this protection and peace granted them by the King, the very ſame year, the King grants out this Writ to ſearch all their Cheſts, to enroll and certifie him of all their debts and eſtates, that he might tax them all proportionably at his pleaſure, as he did ſoon after.
*Patent 1. E. 1. m. 18. De debitis levandis.Rex dilecto & fideli ſuo Thomae de Eſpernon, ſalutem, Quia de debitis in Archa Cirogtafforum Winton. Oxon. Ma…leberg. & Wilton contentis volumus certiorari, vobis mandamus quod ad certum diem quem ad hoc provideritis, ad Archas praedictas accedatis, & eaſdem per viſum Cirograf. Archarum praedictarum, tam Chriſtianorum quam Judaeorum aperiatis, et omnia debita in eiſdem contenta diligenter ſcrutari et inrotulari faciatis. Mandamus enim Cirograffariis noſtris Archarum praedictar, quod ad certum diem quem: eis ſcire faciatis ad hoc faciendum vobis aſſiſtant et intendant. In cujus, &c. Dat. &c. apud Weſtm. 20 die. Feb.
Conami…es Lite…ae diriguntur Hamoni Hatayn de debitis in Archa Cirograf. Northampt. Nottingh. Ebor. Lincol. St…inf. conrents.
Item Conſimiles Literae diriguntur Ade de Winton, de debitis in Arca Cirograf. Judaeorum Bristoll, Oxon, Gloucest. Wigorn. Hereford et Warw. contentis.
Item conſimiles Literae diriguntur Roberto de Ludham ſuper hujuſmodi debitis contentis in Archis Cirograff. Judaeorum Bedef: Cantebr. Coleceſter, et Sudbury.
In all which Cities and Towns the Jews then inhabited, and had common cheſts, wherein their Debts and Morgages were reſerved.
Alſo according to the former Cuſtome of the Jews in England, not to remove into any town where they did not anciently inhabit, he ſent this Writ to the Barons and Bailiffs of Winchelſe, to remove ſome Jews thence who had taken up their habitation there, without his ſpecial licenſe.
*Clauſ. 1. E. 1. m. 7. Dorſo, De Judaeis Angliae inhabitantibus Villas.Rex Baronibus & Ballivis ſuis de Winchelſe ſalutem. Quia ſecundum conſuetudinem Iudaeiſmi noſtri Angliae, in aliis Civitatibus Burgis aut Villis habitare, vel morari non debent, quam in illis in quibus antiquitus habitare conſueverunt & morari, & quidam Iudaei, ut intelleximus, villam nostram de Winchelſe ſunt ingreſſi, & eam inhabitent, in quam nullus Iudaeus aliquibus retroactis temporibus habitare conſuevit, vel morari; Vobis mandamus, quod ſi verum eſt, tunc Iudaeos ab eadem villa, abſque damno de corporibus ſeu rebus ſuis eis faciend. ſine damno faciatis amoveri. Dat. apud Weſtm, 18 die Iunii.
This King that he might not ſeem altogether unjuſt, granted forth a Writ to the Sheriff of Oxford in behalf of one Lumbard a Jew of Oxford taken and impriſoned for a fine of fifty marks impoſed on one Lumbard a Jew of Briſtol for a Treſpaſſe againſt the Kings Exchange, ordering him to be bailed, and the miſtake examined.
*Clauſ. 1. E. 1. m. 9. Pro Lumbardo de Krikelad. Judaeo.Rex Vicecom. Oxon. ſalutem. Oſtenſum eſt nobis ex parte Lumbardi de Krikelad. Judaei noſtri Oxoniae, duplicate page duplicate page quod quum quidam Lumbardus Judaeus Bristol amerciatus eſſet coram Juſticiariis Domini Henr. Regis patris noſtri ad cuſtodiam Judaeorum aſſignatis ad quinquaginta marcas pro tranſgreſſione excambii ejuſdem patris noſtri, et ipſe Lumbardus Judaeus Oxon. de eadem tranſgreſſione nunquam calumpniatus, nec de praedicta pecunia oneratus extiterit, tu eaſdem 50 marcas ab eodem Lumb. de Oxon. Judaeo exigis, et omnia bona ſua in Balliva tua ea occaſione cepiſti in manum noſtram, et inſuper ipſum cepiſti, et in priſona noſtra Oxoniae detines. Et quia non eſt juri conſonum, nec eſt voluntatis noſtrae quod ipſe Lumbardus de Oxonia ſit in poena pro debitis alterius, unde ipſe Lumbardus de Oxonia penitus eſt immunis, ut dicitur. Tibi praeci…imus, quod ſi ipſe Lumbardus de Oxonia invenerit tibi ſufficientem manucaptionem perconſuetudinem Judaiſmi noſtri, de veniendo coram Juſticiariis noſtris ad cuſtodiam Judaeorum aſſignatis, a die Paſcha in 15 dies, ad ſatisfaciendum nobis de praedictis 50 marcis, niſi ibidem ratio inabiliter oſtenderit, quod non ipſe ſed alii de dicta pecunia debent onerari, tunc ipſum Lumbardum per eandem manucaptionem a priſona qua detinetur, deliberari facias, & omnia bona ſua ea occaſione capta in manum noſtram interim ſine diſtractione, & ſine dampno dicti Judaei reſervari facias. Et habeas ibi nomina manucaptorum ſuorum & hoc breve. Datum, &c. apud Sanctum Paulum London 4 die Aprilis, & Dat 20 s. pro hoc Breve habendo.
No ſooner had he provided the foreſaid Juſtices and Guardians for the Jews, but he preſently impoſed new heavy annual Taxes and Tallages on them, appointing ſpecial Collectors to levy them and their arrerages upon all their goods, chattels, debts, and to baniſh and abjure the Realm all ſuch Jews, together with their wives and children, as were rebellious and refuſed to pay them as theſe enſuing Patents of his, in the 2 year of his reign demonſtrate.
Rex dilectis, & ſidelibus ſuis Fratri Stephano de Foleburn, Ade de Stratten & Willielmo de Middleton ſalutem.[c]Patent 2. E. 1. m. 5. De Tallagio Judaeo…um levando. Sciatis quod aſſignavimus vos ad omnia arreragia Tallagii ſuper Judaeos noſtros Angliae ultimo aſſeſſi ad opus noſtrum levanda, prout citius & commodius videritis expedire. Dantes vobis poteſtatem Arreragia illa de bonis, catallis, & debitis Judaeorum quos dictorum arreragiorum inveneritis detentores, levandi, & noſtro nomine adnuandi, nec non & dictos Judaeos qui in hac parte Rebelles fuerint vel contradictore… per exilium & abjurationem Regui noſtri, ſi neceſſe fuerit compellendi, ad dicta arreragia pro porcionibus ipſis inde contingentibus nobis ſine difficultate qualibet ſolvenda. Et ideo vobis mandamus quod premiſſa faciatis in forma praedicta. Et ſi forte vos tres ad hoc intendere non poteritis, duo veſtrum praemiſſa ficut praedictum eſt, nihilominus exequantur. In cujus, &c. T. Rege apud Weſtm. 20 die Octobris.
[d]Pat. 2. E. 1. m. 3. De Arreragiis Tallagii, ſuper Judaeos aſſiſi, levandis.Rex dilectis et fidelibus ſuis fratri Stephano de Foleburn electo Waterford, fratri Luce de Hemmington et Willielmo de Middleton ſalutem. Sciatis quod aſſignavimus vos ad omnia arreragia Tallagii ſuper Iudaeos noſtros Angliae ultimo aſſeſſi ad opus noſtrum levanda, prout citius et commodius videritis expedire, Dantes vobis poteſtatem arreragia illa de bonis, catallis, et debitis Judaeorum, quos dictotum arreragiorum inveneritis detentores levandi, et noſtro nomine adnuandi; nec non et dictos Judaeos qui in hac parte Rebelles fuerint vel contradictores per exilium et abjurationem regni noſtri, ſi neceſſe fuerit compehendi ad dicta …retagia nobis pro porcionibus ipſis contingentibus, ſine difficultate qualibet ſolvenda. Et ideo vobis mandamus quod praemiſſa faciatis in forma praedicta. Et ſi aliquis Judaeorum illorum ad diem per nos ſibi prefixum in ſolutione porcionis ſuae defecerit, faciatis ipſum, cum uxore, et pueris ſuis exceptis puerisillis, qui ſunt in Tallagio, et ſolverint, eri…s regnum noſtrum Angliae, et aſſignetis ei portum Douorum, quod infra tertium diem poſt diem ſolutionis ſuae ſibi per nos praefixum, ſit ibi exiturus ſicut praedictum eſt, et nunquam rediturus. Salvis tamen nobis terris Domibus, Redditibus, et omnibus catallis ſuis et ſuorum.Nota. Et ſi aliquis Judaeus poſt tertium diem ſibi aſſignatum, ſicut praedictum eſt inventus fuerit alibi in Regno noſtro quam apud Douorum, faciatis de eo Judicium tanquam de illo qui furtive & propria catalla noſtra aſportaverit. Et ſi forte vostres ad hoc intendere non poteritis, duo veſtrum praemiſſa nihilominus exeqauntur. In cujus &c. Teſte Rege apud Luton, primo die Novembris.
By this impoſed penal baniſhment and abjuration of the Realm, preſcribed by the King in theſe two Pateuts to ſuch Rebellious contradictory Jews, their wives, & children, as refuſed to pay the arrears of this laſt impoſed Tax, it is more than probable, that their total (e)See the firſt part of the Demurrer Edit. 2. p. 46. to 64.and final general baniſhment and expulſion out of England by the King and his whole Parliament in the 18 year of his reign (16 years af…er) was as compulſory and penal to them as this, and no ways voluntary of themſelves, as Sir Edward Cook hath fanſied it, againſt all our Records and Hiſtories.
In the Clauſe Roll of this year I find this writ to two of theſe Collectors, for the preſent levying part of theſe Arrears upon Elias a Jew of London, and paying it into the Wardrobe.
(f)Clauſ. 2. E. 1. m. 2. Pro Magiſtro Elia filio Magiſtri Moſſei Judaeo London.Rex dilectis & fidelibus ſuis fratri Stephano de Foleburn electo de Waterford & Willielmo de Middleton, ad arrerag. Tallag. Judaeor. ultimo ſuper eoſdem Judaeos aſſeſſo levanda aſſignatis, ſalutem. Mandamus vobis quod illas ſepties viginti marcas quos Richardus de Tany debet Magiſtro Eliae filio magiſtri Moſſeo Iudaeo London, ſine dilatione liberari facias in Garderoba noſtra, & eas eidem Judaeo in dicto Tallagio ſuo allocari facias. Teſte Rege apud Weſtm. 20 die Octobris.
It is obſervable, that the firſt perſon named as a Collector of the Arrears of this Tax of the Jews in all theſe 3. Records, was a Frier, and Biſhop Elect of Waterford in Ireland. How the Jews who neglected, refuſed, or were unable to ſatisfie their Taxes, were handled by theſe Collectors, and impriſoned in the Tower of London till they either paid or ſecured them to the King out of their beſt Debts, theſe Records of the enſuing year will diſcover.
(g)Clauſ. 3. E. 1. m. 8.Rex Theſaurario et Baronibus ſuis de Scaccario ſalutem. Mandamus vobis quod Sampſonem filium Magistri Miles de Stanford; Samuelem fil: Maneſer de Lincoln; Ʋnim. fil. Garflye, Abrahamum fil. Droye de Holms, Elyam fil. Vrſſellae de Lincoln, et Abrahamum fil. Samuelis, captos et detentos in priſona noſtra Turris London Pro Tallagio ſuo, deliberari factatis. Ipſos etiam de corporibus ſuis pacem habere permittatis uſque ad quindenam Sancti Michaelis prox: futur: et praedictorum Judaeorum Tallagium ſuper eos aſſeſſum de clarioribus debitis ſuis Interim levari faciatis. Ita quod niſi in quindena praedicta de praedicto Tallagio ſuo ad plenam ſatisfecerint, ad Priſonam noſtram praedictam revertantur; ibidem gratiam noſtram expectand: Teſte Rege apud Kenynton X. die Julii,
(h)Clauſ. 3. E. 1. m. 12. pro Rege de Judaeis.Mandatum eſt Juſticiariis ad Cuſtodiam Judaeorum aſſignatis, et Willielmo de Middleton quod executionem Brevium Regis quae pro diverſis Judaeis receperunt ſuper allocationem vel respectum de Tallagio ſuper ipſis ultimo aſſeſſo habend: per ipſos faciend: ſuperſedeant omnino, niſi aliud eis inde duxerit demandandum. T. R. apud Weſtm. X. die Iunii.
(i)Ibidem. m. 12. pro Hako, fil. Roes Judaeo.Rex Juſticiariis ad cuſtodiam Judaeorum aſſignatis, et Willielmo de Middleton ſalutem: monſtravit Nobis Hakus fil: Roes de Ebor. Iudaeus, quod cum ipſe Nobis de Tallagio ſuper ipſum ultimo aſſeſſo ſatisfecerit ad plenū, vos occaſione quorundam Catallorum ſub nomine Solomonis fil: Iſaac dudum defuncti in manu noſtra exiſtent: quandam pecuniae ſummam occaſione dicti Tallagii exigitis minus juſte. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod ſi Nobis constiterit quod catalla praedicta fuerunt in manu noſtra die quo dictum Tallagium aſſeſſum fuerat, et quod dictam pecuniam à praefato Hako occaſione Catallorum illorum et non alia exigatis, et quod Nobis de toto Tallagio ſuo praedicto ſatisfecerit ut praedictum eſt; tunc corpus ſuum ea occaſione detentum prout justum fuerit deliberari faciatis. T. R. apud Weſtm. X. die Iunii.
(k)Clauſ. 3 E. 1. m. 13.Rex eiſdem et Willielmo de Middleton, ad Tallagium ſuper eoſdem Iudaeos Angliae nuper aſſeſſum colligendum deputatis, ſalutem. Mittimus vobis Petitionem Aaronis Creſpyn Judaei noſtri London praeſentibus intercluſam. Vobis mandantes quatenus retentis in manu noſtra de clariobus debitis ipſius Iudaei in Theſaur: noſtra exiſtentibus uſque ad ſummam Arreragiarum Tallagii ſuper eundem Iudaeum ultimo aſſeſſi, et aliis debitis ſuis ſecundum tenorem Petitionis praedictae; tunc debita illa ad opus nostrum levari, et ipſum de dictis arreragiis quietum eſſe, et reſiduum Catallorum ſuorum occaſione dicti Tallagii in Theſauraria exiſtentim, ſibi liberari faciatis, & corpus ſuum ea occaſione in pace eſſe permittatis. T. R. apud Weſtm. V. die Iunii.
(l)Clauſ. 3. E. 1. m. 16. De debitis Regis levandis.Rex Juſticiariis ſuis ad cuſtodiam Judaeorum aſſignatis, & Will. Middleton ſalutem. Quia conſtat Nobis per recordum veſtrum quod tertia pars unius debiti triginta librarum ſub nominibus Ricardi Pauncefoot et Aaronis le Bland Iudaei, eſt debitum Urſelli fil: Iſaac Iudaei, et quod unum debitum duodecim librarū ſub nominibus eorundem Ricardi et Aaronis, est debitum Belye de Glouceſt. Iudeae, per quod Nos pro arreragiis Tallagii ſuper praedict. Urſellam et Belyam ultimo aſſeſſi, tertiam partem praedicti debiti triginta librarum, et dictum debitum duodecim librarum cepimus in manum noſtram: Vobis mandamus quod debita pro arreragiis Tallagii praedicti ad opus noſtrum levari, et dictos Iudaeos de Arreragiis dicti Tallagii, quatenus debita illa ſufficerent, extunc in pace permittatis. T. R. apud Weſtm. 20 die Maii.
(m)Clauſ. 1. E. 1. m. 17. De Tallagio Judaeorum levaudo.Rex Hammoni Hautyn, et Roberto Ludham Juſticiariis ſuis ad cuſtodiam Judaeorum aſſignatis, ſalutem. Quia quibuſdam de cauſis, volumus quod vos de caetero intendatis ad Tallagium ſuper Iudaeos noſtros Angliae aſſeſſum et arreragia ejuſdem levand. Ʋobis mandamus, quod omnes Rotulos, Cartas, Tallias, Brevia, Starra, et omnia alia praedict: Tallagium contingentia quae in cuſtodia dilectorum & fidelium noſtrorum fratris Luce de Hemington & Will de Middleton hucuſque remanſerunt, ab eiſdem admittatis, et Tallagium illud una cum Arreragiis ejuſdem, prout magis ad commodum noſtrum videritis expedire, unà cum praedicto Willielmo: quem ad hoc una vobiſcum aſſignavimus, levari faciatis. T. Rege apud Weſtmonaſt. XV. die Maii.
(n)Clauſ. 3. E. m. 19. Pro. Willielmo fil. Robert. de Middleton.Rex Justiciariis ſuis ad cuſtodiam Iudaeorum aſſignatis, et Fratri Luce de Hemington, & Willielmo de Middleton, Collectoribus Tallagii ſuper quoſdam Judaeos Angliae nuper aſſeſſi ſalutem. Compatientes paupertati Will. fil. Roberti de Middleton, qui Joſpino fil. Solomon: de Merleberge Iudaeo tenetur in diverſis debitis, ad quorum ſolutionem bona ſua et catalla non ſufficiant, ut accepimus: dedimus eidem Willielmo respectum de debitis illis praefato Iudaeo rendend uſque ad quindena Paſchae prox: fut: Ita quod penae et Vſurae inde ceſſant uſque ad terminum ſupradictum. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod eidem Willielmo respectum illum interim habere faciatis in forma praedicta: et terras et tenementa in manum praedicti Iudaei occaſione debitorum praedictorum capt: replegiari faciatis. T. R. apud Windſore 6. die Martii.