Demurrer to the Jews, Part 2 (2 of 5)

Demurrer to the Jews · Part 2 (2 of 5)

p. 29Eodem modo ſcribitur omnibus ſubſcriptis Vicecomitibus; et Judeis de Tallagio regis colligendo.

The names of the Iews appointed to levy it in all places are thus ſubſcribed under th…ſe Writs.

London. Benedictus Creſpin, Jacobus Creſpin, Aaron fil. Abraham, Aaron Blund, Elias le Eveske. Leo Blund.

Ebor. Aaron fil. Jocei, Leo le Eveske, Joſeus Nepos Aaron, Joſeus de Kent. Urſel fil. Sampſon, Benedictus nepos Aaron.

Linc. Leo fil. Solomon, Abraham fil. Solomon, Judas de Franceys, Joceus de Burge, Abraham de Solitoſter, Duelcuſce fil. Elie.

Cantuar. Salom. fil. Joce, Magiſt. Aaron Benomy Cop…rus, fil. Mulkane, Meſſe fil. Sampſon, Abraham fil. Leonis.

Winton. Elias fil. Chere, Deidegrand Lumbard ſe…ex, Manaſſer fil. Urſell, Ayaye de Wal…ingford, Kendone fil. Urſell.

Stamford. Jacob gener. Eman: Jacob fil. Elye, Mey…r fil. David, Samuel fil. Cok. Duſ…faut fil. Cok. Aaron gener Pictaum.

Norham. Elias de Pontefracto, Iſaac Pickether, Sampſon fil. Deuleſara, Sampſ. fil. Sampſ. Deud. fil. Vines, Pech fil. Sam de Ivelceſter.

Bedeford. Manſer fil. Benedicti, Abraham fil. Benedicti, Urſel fil. Iſaac Bovenfunt.

Cantebrig. Iſaac fil. Samuel, Jacob fil. Deuſeſtra, Aaron fil Iſaac Blund, Joſce de Wilton, Dyaye fil. Magistri Levi fil. Solomon.

Norwic. Samuel fil. Iſaac, Iſaac de Warewic. Aaron Henne Jurninus fil. Jacobi, Deulecreſe fil. Dyaya de Manecroft, Dure de Reſing.

Warewick. Benedictus de Kanc. Elias fil. Abrah. Benedictus de Eveſham, Lion fil. Deule Be…ere, Dungeun de Warwick, Pettemo fil. Moſſi.

Wigorn. Hake Iſaac ſenior, Hake Moſſe fil. Deulo Heneye, Abrah. fil. Abraham, Iſaac gener. Samu: Abraham fil. Jude.

Briſtol. Lumbard Bonefi de Briſtol, Salom de Ivelceſter, Iſaac fil. Jacob, Mile le Eveske, Iſaac de Bath.

Coleceſter, Aaron de Coleceſter, Arcel de Coleceſter, Iſaac fil. Benedicti Jacob fil. Vinis.

Notingham. David Lumbard, Dendone fil. Deule Creſſe Sampſon Leve, Benedictus Pinkennye.

Exon. Jacob de Exon, Benefand fil. Jude, Joce fil. Abraham Doule, Creſſe le Eveske.

Dorſet. Solomon de Dorceſter, Benedictus fil. Vivian.

p. 30Wilts. Solomon fil. Ioſſe, Iſaac de Herleb. Sa…om de Merleberg, Abraham Battecoke, Iſaac fil. Ieſſe.

Oxon. David de Linc. Bonami fil. Copin, Copin fil. Bonefei, Moſſe fil. Dyaye, Vinis fil. Copin, Samuel fil. le Franceys.

Glou…. Bonefaund fil. Elye. Garſie gener. Belie, I…aac fil. Moſſe de Paris, Elias fil. Bonef…nt. Vines fil. Bonenf…nd, Elias fil: Iſaac.

One of the Jews here nominated for London, excuſing himſelf, thereupon others were ſubſtituted in his place by theſe writs.

††Clauſ. 15. H. 3. dorſ. 9.Rex Elie Blunde Judeo London ſalutem. Scias, quod loco Benedicti Creſpyni aſſignavimus te una cum Ʋicecom. London, et Jacobo Creſpin, Aaron fil. Abraham. Aaron Blunde, Elia le Eveske, et Leone Bl…nde Judeis London ad diſtrictionem faciendam circa tallagium noſtrum terminis statutis nobis plenarie reddendum. Et ideo tibi praecip mus, quod ſicut teipſum et catalla tua diligis una cum ipſis viril…ter te intromittas ad hoc quod praedict. Tallagium termin…s Statutis nobis plene reddatur, ſicut ipſis vic. & aliis Iudeis ſociis tuis dedimus in mandatis. Ne pro defectu tui paena omnibus tremenda tibi infligatur, T. &c.

Et dirigunter Literae patentes praedictis 4 Judeis ſub hac forma.

Rex Conſtabulario Turris London, Cre…pin, &c. ſalutem. Sciatis quod loco Benedicti Cre…pini quem pr…us aſſignavimus vobiſcum ad districtionem facierdam circa Tallagium Judeorum London, terminis Statutis nobis reddend: aſſignavimus vobis Eliam Blundum Iudaeum London. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod amoto praedict. B. loco ipſius ipſum E.B. admittatis.

This inſupportable great Tax being not …e…yed b… the time prefixed▪ thereupon the King iſſued theſe rigid Writs, to apprehend all the…e Jewiſh Collectors Diſ…rainers perſons, together with all their Wi…es & Infants, and bring them priſoners before the King, and to ſeize all their goods and chattels into the Kings hands, and keep them ſafe in their hands, as theſe two records demonſtrate.

**Clauſ. 25 H. 3. m. 9. De Judei.sMandatum eſt W. de Haverſhall, quod ſcire faciat omnibus Ʋic. qui Iudeos habent in Balliva ſua, quod omnes Iudeos de balliva ſua qui manuceperunt ſolvere nobis Tallagium ſuum, una cum uxoribus et infantibus ſuis, habeant Londini à die Sancti Mic. ad unum menſem; ad respondendum nobis de arreragiis Tallagii ſui, et quare Tallagium illud non ſolverunt terminis ſtatutis ſicut manuceperunt: Et omnia catalla ipſorum capiant in manum Regis, et ſalvo custodiant donec Rex inde preceperit. T. R. apud Weſtm. 26 die Sept.

Another writ iſſued to impriſon them and all thoſe Iews who had not paid the Tax in the Tower of London.

**Ibidem m. 5. De Judeis.Mandatum eſt W. de Haverſhal Theſ. Regis, quod omnes illos Iudeos, qui denarios Regi debent de Tallagio Iudaeorum de hoc termino Sancti Johannis Baptiſt. prox: praeterito, et etiam illos qui deberent diſtrinxiſſe ipſos Iudeos ad terminum praedict. obſervand. venire faciat uſque Turrim London, et ibidem in priſona ſalvo cuſtodiri, donec Rex aliud inde praeciperet. Teſte Rege apud Theokeſbury 1. die Auguſt.

Hereupon ſome Jewes aſſigned over Debts to the King in ſatisfaction of their Tallages; whereupon the King pardoned and releaſed ſo much as their Debts amounted to, as appears by 3 pardons to 3 Jews in one Schedule, clauſ. 25 H. 3. m. 17. and purchaſed ſpecial Licenſes to be exempted from theſe ſevere proceedings and diſtreſſes upon promiſe to pay their Taxes at the terms appointed, upon which their arrears were releaſed, as this Roll informs us, Dorſ. 9. de respectu Iudaeorum, &c.

**Ibid. m. 6,Rex Baron: de Scacc. ſalutem. Mandamus vobis, quod ſi Iſaac fil. Elye terminos ſuos obſervaverit de debito in quo nobis tenetur ad Scaccarium noſtrum, et quamdiu dictos p. 31terminos obſervabit, tunc omnia bona et catalla ſua ei in pace demittatis, nullam inde facientes diſtrictionem. Ita quod ſecundum quantitatem et valorem Catallorum ſuorum quae irrotulata ſunt in rotulo quae Jere. de Caxton & W. Hardell de Tallagio Iudaeorum Linc. Ʋobis liberaverunt, Tallagium ſuper ipſum aſſedi faciatis. T.R. apud Theokesbury, 8. die Aug.

The Jews of London advancing part of this great Tax by aſſignment of Debts to the Kings Exchequer, had this Writ to the Barons to allow it in their firſt payments.

**Clauſ. 25 H. 3. Roll m. 8. Pro Judaeis.Rex Baron. ſuis de Scac. ſalutem. Monſtraverunt nobis Judaei noſtri London, quod quendam finem fecerunt nobis cum aliis Judaeis pro 20 millia marca…. pro Tallagio noſtro, unde debent ſolvere 10 millia marcarum ad quindenam Nativ. Sancti Iohis Baptiſt. An. r. n. 25. et 10 millia marcarum ad ſancti Michis Anno eodem, conceſſimus eis quod id quod receptum eſt ad Scac. vel in traba per manus ſuas, vel per manus Chriſtianorum, pro tertia parte catalloram ſuorum eis facietis allocari in primo termino 10 mill. marcarum. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod ſi praedicti Judaei London plene nobis perſolverint quod ad eos pertinet de primo termino praedictar. 10 millia marc. uſque ad ſummam quam per manus ſuas, vel Chriſtianorum ad Scac. vel in Garderoba praedicta tertia parte nobis reddiderunt, pro reſiduo illius termini non diſtringatis, donec aliud a nobis habueritis mandatum. T.R.

The ſame year the King iſſued this writ to the Mayor and Sheriffs of London, to prevent the Jews and other Goldſmiths exchange and abaſing of ſilver, contrary to the aſſize of the Exchange, and ſeiſe thoſe who were guilty of it, and their ſilver.

**Clauſ. 25 H. 3. m. 6.Rex Majori & Vic. London, ſalutem. Praecipimus vobis quod in praeſentia Theſ. noſtri, et cuſtodis Cambii noſtri, venire faciatis coram vobis Adam de Shoredich, Thomam de Stanes (and four more named) Aurifabros London, et ab iis Sacramentum capiatis, quod nec per ſe, nec per aliquem alium Chriſtianum vel Judeum, cambient vel ement, vel vendent argentum aliquod vel in plata, vel in mina, vel in aliquo alio argento, contra aſſiſam et conſtitutionem Cambii noſtri, nec cambiri; nec etiam procurabunt, nec permi…tent, nec per ſe, nec per alium; et quod diligenter inquirent & inquiri faciant, ſi qui aurifabri Chriſtiani vel Judei talia temptaverint, et ex quo aliquem cambientem, ementem vel vendentem invenerint contra aſſiſam praedicti Cambij, corpus ipſius, cum argento et catallis ſuis attachiari faciant, donec aliud inde praeceptum. T. ut ſupra.

This year I find a Writ to the Juſtices of the Jews to free one from paying Uſury to a Jew upon the ground expreſſed in the record, relating the Jews unconſcionable dealing, uſual in ſuch caſes.

**Clauſ. 25. H. 3. m. 13. Dorſ.Rex Juſticiar. ad cuſtod. Judaeorum aſſignat. ſalutem. Monſtravit nobis Magiſter Laur. Travers, quod cum die Pentec. An. r. n. 24 quandam ſummam pecuniae mutuo recipiſſet a Benedicto Judaeo Oxon. quam infra menſem a quo pecuniam illam mutuo recepit per manum ipſius Magiſtri ad Judeum ſolvend. tranſmiſit; dictus Judeus eo quod tempore illo pignora ipſius Magiſtri quae ſignata erant in Ciſta Judeorum ſigno noſtro reſtituere non valebat, pecuniam illam non admiſit, et de pecunia illa de toto tempore ejuſdem non ſoluta, uſuras exigit a predicto Magiſtro, ac ſi per incuriam ipſius et defectum remaneret per tantum tempus ſolvend. Quia vero eidem Magiſtro non eſt imputandum, quod pecuniam illam tempore debito non ſolvit, et iniquum videtur quod inde uſuras ſolvere debet. Vobis mandamus, quod ſi idem Magiſter monſtr. poterit …er …e …el per attornatum ſuum quod res ita ſe habeat, tunc ipſum ab uſurarum preſtatione quietum eſſe faciatis a tempore quo dictam pecuniam paratus fuit eidem Judeo ſolvere. T. R. apud Windl. 18 die Octob.

The ſame year I find this Writ to the Conſtable of the Tower to ſend ſome Jews of Bristol impriſoned in the Tower for a murder, to Briſtol Caſtle, to be there tried for it before the Juſtices Itinerant.

**Clauſ. 25. H. 3 m. 9. dorſo.Rex Conſtabular. Turr. London, ſalutem. Precipimus tibi quod Puentam uxorem Iacobi de Cuſtantes, Iacobum fil. Iacobi, et Beſtotam uxorem ejus Iudeos Briſtol captos et detentos in priſona noſtra predict. Turris, pro motte Alic fil. Eve, cariari fac. uſque Briſtol: ad cuſtus Burgenſium noſtrorum Briſtol: Ita quod ſint ibi a die Sancti Ioh. Bapt. in 15 dies, ad ſtandum inde recto coram Iuſtic. noſtr. ibid. in prox. Itineraturis; eoſdemque Iudeos liberari fac. Conſtabulario caſtri noſtri Briſtol cui praecipimus quod eos cum ibidem venerint recipiat. T. &c. Et mandatum eſt Conſtab. Briſtol quod eos recipiat.

In the 26 year of H. 3. theſe Records concerning the Iews are yet extant, the firſt ſhewing they were then enforced to give their wives and children for hoſtages.

**Clauſ. 26. H. 3. pars 2. m. 9. Pro Samaritano Judeo.Mandatum eſt Iuſtic. ad cuſtod, Iudaeorum aſſignatis, quod ſi Samaritanus Iudeus Winton invenerit eis omnem eam ſecuritatem, quae coram W. Ebor. Arch. de conſilio Regis; proviſa fuit et ordinata, pro qua ſecuritate invenieud. dedit uxorem ſuam et filios ſuos obſides, qui tenentur in Turr. Regis London, tunc praedicto Samaritano praedictos uxorem et filios deliberari fac, per eundem Ar. a VVimnodham 25 die Iun.

The King this year appointed a new Keeper of the Iews cheſt at VVincheſter, not being well kept by the former, by this Writ.

**Ibid. m. 7.Quia Rex audivit quod Archa regis Iudeorum Winton, minus bene cuſtodiatur tam ad opus Regis quam Chriſtianorum & Judeorum, Mandatum eſt Ʋic. Suthampt. quod per conſilium Roberti Paſſelewe quem Rex illuc mittit, alium cuſt. ad hoc apponi fac. T. &c. The tax not being paid the King at the times appointed, this year he commanding the Iews Cheſts to be locked up, ſo that their creditors could not pay their debts to them, nor they their debts to the King, whereupon he granted his Writ to **Clauſ. 26. H. 3. pars 2. m. 7.Samuel fil. Iſaac a Iew, upon his complaint, that they ſhould pay their debts to the King at the terms formerly appointed, at the rates there expreſſed at large.

Clauſ. 26. H. 3. pars 2. dorſ. 8.Rex Iuſt. ſuis ad cuſtod. Iudeorum aſſignatis, ſalutem. Monſtravit nobis Oliva quae fuit uxor Rob. de Fraynicto, quod cum ipſa cum nuper eſtemus apud Colecester probaſſet coram venerabil. in Chriſto patre W. Ebor Arch. et aliis de conſilio noſtro, tam per Chriſtianos quam per Judaeos, praefatum virum ſuum reddidiſſe Aaron et Urſello Judaeis Coleceſtr. totum debitum quod eis debuit ante inceptionem itin. ſui in terram ſanct. et injunctum eſ…et eiſdem Judaeis quod reddent prefato, Ol. Cartas confect. de debito memorato, licet eidem Judei quaſdam Cartas mem. reſtituerunt, adhuc tamen unam ei detinent malirioſe, praetendentes Cartam eſſe Londini in depoſ. ut ſic fraud. machinentur et laboribus frangent dictam mulierem. Et ideo vobis mandamus quod praedictos Judeos per terras et catalla diſtringatis, ad reſtituendam prefatae mulieri ſine dilatione cartam praedictam, Et vos eidem pedem illius Cartaereſtituatis. Ita vos in hac parte gerentes, quod de cetero nullam inde audiamus querelam. T. W. Ebor. Arch. apud Moreclae 29 die Iulii.

This Record manifeſts, 1 The manner of the Jewes proving their debts both by Jewes and Chriſtians. 2 Their Jewiſh dealing one with another, in detaining goods after debts ſatisfied. 3. The uſual way of recovering ſuch Bonds from them when the debts were paid. This year the King removed the Jews and their cheſts from one place to another at his pleaſure, as this Record beſides others informs us.

**Clauſ. 26 H. 3. pars 1. m. 19. De Judeis removend. ab uno loco ad alium.Rex conceſſit Com. Pict. & Cornub. quod Judei regis qui manent in Berchameſted, transferant ſe uſque Wallingford, et ibi remaneant, ſecundum eaſdem conſuetudines Judeorum ſecundum quas apud Berkhameſted habere conſueverunt, Archamque quam fuit apud Berkhamſted ſimi…iter habeant apud VVallingford, et eodem modo quo ipſam habuerunt apud Berkhamſted. Et mandatum eſt Juſtic. ad cuſtod. Jud. aſſignatis, quod ſic fieri permittant. T. R.

How the Jews heirs after their deceaſe made fines to the King for their real and perſonal eſtates, and how their wives were indowed, this Record will manifeſt, of the ſame year with the former.

**Clauſ. 25. H. 3. pars 1. m. 3.Rex Baron. ſuis de Scac. ſalutem. Mandamus vobis quod diſtringatis Mayden, quae fuit uxor Jacob. Creſpin, ad reddend. Moſſ. fil. praedict. Iacob. et Iſaac fratri ſuo terras, domos, redditus, catalla, et omnia debita quae fuerunt praedicti Jacob. patris ſui, pro quibus ipſe Moſſ. et Iſaac. finem fecerunt nobiſcum, ſicut per alias litetas noſtras vobis ſignificavimus. Et cum praedicti Moſſ. & Iſaac ſeiſinam habuerint de praedict. terris, domibus, redditibus, catal. et debitis, tunc eidem Mayden rationabilem dotem ſuam a praedict. Moſſ. et Iſaac faciatis aſſignari. T.R. apud Merewel. 2 die Maii.

In the 27 year of King Henry, the King iſſued this precept to have a Convert Iew inſtructed in the Chriſtian Faith and learning in any place where he might.

**Clauſ. 27. H 3. pars 2. m. 2. Pro Martin… converſo.Mandatum eſt Ebor. Archiepiſcopo et VV. de Cantelup. (then Commiſſioners or Juſtices for the Jews affairs) Quod Martino converſo faciant adminiſtrari in aliqua villa ubi poſſit, tam de fide Catholica, quam literarum ſcientia feliciter erudiri. T. R. apud Burdegal 3 die Febr.

The ſame year the King commanded the Executors of the Biſhop of Winchester by his Writ, to pay to W. de Haevenſhel and Edward ſon of Odo 100 l. ad terras emendas ad opus Converſorum London ad ſuſtentationem eorundem,**Clauſ. 27. H. 2. pars 2. m. 9. T. R. apud Burd. 12 die Aprilis. Et mandatum eſt praedictis VVillo. et Edwardo quod denarios illos ab illis recipiant, et terras ad opus praedictor. converſorum emant, Ita quod terrae praedict. emptae fuerint citra feſtum Nativ. ſancti Iohis, Baptistae. Such was the care and charity of thoſe times for the converts ſupport.

This year **Clauſ. 27 H. 3. m. 10.9.5. Schedula p. 1.the King pardoned ſeveral debts of particular Engli…hmen owing to particular Jews, reſpited the payment of other D…bts for a time to others by ſeveral writs to the Iuſtices aſſigned for the Iews: And **Clauſ. 27 H. 3. pars 2. m. 3.likewiſe aſſigned and granted the Office of Aarons Presbyteratus Judeorum Angliae in the Exchequer (**Clauſ. 21 H. 3. pars 1. m. 18. Here p. 25. forementioned) to Elie le Eveske a Jew of London, or his Attorney, with all the Rolls of the Exchequer belonging to Aaron, in as ample manner as Aaron formerly had them: commanding the Juſtices aſſigned for the Jews cuſtody to inveſt him in this office of Aaron: Et nullam decetero ſummonitionem facere de aliquo debito de quo debetur reſponderi coram eis, niſi per viſum et testimonium predicti Elye, vel illius quem ad hoc loco ſuo attornaverit (which clearly proves, that the Presbyteratus omnium Iudeorum totius Angliae, granted to Aaron, and now transferred to Elye, was nothing elſe but the Cuſtos Rotul…rum, or Controllerſhip of the Exchequer) Et mandatum eſt eiſdem, quod quotiens idem Elyas intendere non poſſit ad ſedendum ad Scac. Joreum fil: Copini loco ſuo recipiant ad ea facienda, ad idem Scac. quae ad Presbyteratum Iudaeorum pertia ut. Rotulos etiam qui fuerant Jocei, predeceſſo is ſui cidem Elye, vel attornato ſuo habere faciatis, T. apud Weſtm. 21 die Octob: per Will. de Cantil. & Edward fil. Odonis.

**Clauſ. 27 H. 3. pars 1, m. 6. Pro Abrah. Judaeo Berkhamſted.Quia Abraham Iudeus Berkhamſted clamat partem in debito quod continetur in cartae Johannis de Brabini confect. inter ipſum Johannem et praedict. Abraham, et Moſſeum Iudeum Hereford: Mandatum eſt Cirographariis & cuſtod hus Archae Judeorum Hereford, quod praefata Carta per praefat. Moſſeum, vel per alium nemini liberetur donec Rex aliud inde praeciperit. Which ſhewes that one Jew could not diſcharge the debt due joyntly to him and another Jew, but by the others conſent.

In the 28 of H. 3. two Jews being wrongfully arreſted for a Debt due by another, the King ſent this writ to diſcharge them, and impriſon the Jeweſs that owed it.

p. 34Clauſ. 28. H. 3. m. 6. Pro Judeis.Rex Juſtic. ad cust. Iud. aſſignatis, ſ…lutem. Sciatis, quod probatum fuit coram nobis apud Stanford, quod Gentilla viduae Iudea de Stanford, debet R. Com. Cornub. fratri noſtro illas 13 lib: pro quibus Coc. & Samuelem Judeos de Stanford arreſtari feciſtis in villa praedict: ita quod eam cap. et in priſona detineri p…cipimus, don…c ſolverit pecuniam praedict. Et ideo vobis mand…mus, quod praedict. Coc. & Samuel. ceteroſque omnes Iudeos de St…nford, de praedict: 13 lib. quietos eſſe faciatis. T. Rege apud Not. 10 die July.

This year Aaron a Jew of York aſſigned a Debt of 500 l to the King, in part of a debt which he owed the King,Clauſ 28. H. 3. m. 17. which the King commanded Hugh Bygod, who owed it in right of his wife, to pay into the Exchequer. And likewiſe commanded all the Jews to be removed out of Nuberry and Spenhamland by this writ.

Clauſ. 28. H. 3. m. 17.Mandatum eſt Vic. Berks, Quod Judeos qui manent in Villa de Nubury, et in villa de Spenhamland, remittat ſine dilatione uſque Winton, et ibi maneant ſicut prius ſolent, nec de caetero maneant in Villis praedictis. T. R. apud Reading, 27 die Decemb.

A Jew accuſed for clipping and falſifying monies fled for refuge to the King, who thus remanded him.

**Clauſ. 28. H. 3. m. 1. dorſ.Rex W. de Ebor: prepoſ. Beverley, & Hen: de Bath ſalutem. Quia intelleximus quod vos mandaveritis Vic. noſtro Hereford, ad capiend. Cok: Judeum Hereford, tanquam falſarium et retuntorem Denar. et idem Judeus venit ad Curiam noſtram apud Reading, quaerens ſubterfugium captionis ſuae. Nos ipſum Judaeum fecimus arreſtari, ad vos mittentes eundem; ut vos ſuper eo quod ei imponitur ſecundum quod videritis expedire faciatis T. R. apud Reading, 12 die May.

After which follows this record.

††Clauſ. 23. H. 3. m. 4. dorſo.Rex W. de Haverſhull Theſaur. ſuo, et Conſtab: ſuo London ſalutem, Mandamus vobis quod Judeos aſſignatos ad cuſtodiam catallorum & debitorum quae fuerunt David Judei Oxon diſtringatis: ita quod illi Judei qui manuceperunt finem 5000 marc. quem Licoric quae fuit uxor praedict. David fecit nobiſcum pro habendis catallis et debitis ipſius David ut eum habeamus terminis aſſignatis de Tallagio Iudeorum nobis ſolvend. et ipſam Licoric. a priſona deliberari faciatis: Ita tamen quod nullam habeat adminiſtrationem de catallis & debitis praedictis ante inſtans feſtum Nativitatis beat. Mariae, con…c poſt eundem feſtum vobis inde mandaverimus. Et Sciatis quod remiſſimus Aaron Judeo Ebor. cuſtodiam praedict. catallorum, et debitorum pro fine quem propter fecit nobis, et quae ſolvit in Garderoba noſtra, et loco ejus ſubrogavimus Bondum Judeum Cant.

By which Record it is apparent, That no Jews wife or other Jew could adminiſter or meddle with her Huſbands or Parents chattels or debts without paying a vaſt fine for them (as here 500 marks) and that at ſuch time as the King aſſigned, that the cuſtody of their Goods and debts were in the mean time committed to other Iews to be reſponſible for them; and that their perſons were impriſoned, and their adminiſtrations ſuſpended, if they failed in paying the fine at the termes appointed.

**Clauſ. 29 H. 3 m. 2.In the 29 of Hen. 3. the King ſends writs to his Iuſtices for the cuſtody of the Iews, and to Sheriffs to levy the Debts due to him from the heirs of Hamond the Iew of Hereford, and that Crespin a Iew ſhould pay him 28 marks, to be laid out in ſilk and cloth of gold for Westminſter Church as his Alms.

Ibid.Mandatum eſt Baron. de Scacc. et Iuſticiariis ad cuſtod. Iudeorum aſſignatis, quantum poterint apponant ut 4000 marc. quae Regi debent Iudei ad hoc feſtum ſancti Michaelis tunc omnibus modis ſolvantur, Theſaur. & Camerar. ad faciend. inde quod Rex injunxerit: et ſi forte in ſolutione earund 4000 marc. defecerint ad terminum praedict. tunc capiant aliquos de ditioribus Iudeis, ut corpora eorum mittant ad R. uſque Gannock non omittando illuci pro aliquo cuſto, et Rex illos faciet deliberari Iuſtic. Hyberniae, ducendos in Hyberniam, et ibidem in priſona detinendos. T. Rege apud Gannock in caſtris, x. die Septem.

By which record it ſeems the Iews were taxed to pay 4000 marks at Michaelmas to the King; and if they failed, then ſome of the richeſt of them were to be ſeiſed on, and ſent priſoners to the King into his camp, and from thence into Ireland, and there impriſoned til it was all paid: Such was the rigor then uſed in levying their heavy Taxes: Another 4000 marks was then likewiſe to be paid by them at Chriſts Nativity the ſame year, and commanded by this writ to be effectually levied by the Juſtices of the Jews.

**Clauſ. 29 H. 3. m. 18.Mandatum eſt Justic. ad cuſtod Judaeorum aſſign: quod ſicut corpora et catalla ſua diligunt, et ab indempnitate et periculo maximo volunt conſervari, provideant quod 4000 marc. quae Regi debentur de Judaiſmo reddendas citra feſtum Nativitatis Dom: citra feſtum illud reddantur, quia ſi in eorum ſolutione aliquis inveniatur defectus id ſolummodo negligentiae ſuae imputaretur. T. Rege apud Woodſtoke 4. die Dec.

Mandatum eſt Theſaur. et Camerar. quod de illis 4000 m. deliberent Magiſtro Militis Templi in Anglia, 2000 marc. deponend. in domo ſua ad opus Comitiſſae Provinciae ſicut alias eis mandat. eſt, & de reſid. mille marc: quantum ſe extendunt ſatisfaciant mercatoribus Vinorum et aliis de debitis in quibus Rex eis tenetur. T. ut ſupra.

Ibidem. Dorſo 2. There is a command to the Juſtices of the Jews to reſpit a ſuit there pending againſt one Manſel by two Jews, for 40 l. and an horſe.

In this 29 year of Henry the 3. this writ was iſſued to the Juſtices of the Iews to proclaim in all Counties, that no Iewes wife or childe ſhould fly from, nor obſcure himſelf in the places he or they reſided, for one year then next enſuing, and that they ſhould be there readily found by the Kings Officers, under pain that their husbands, as alſo their wives and children ſhould be outlawed, baniſhed, and all their lands, rents, and chattels, forthwith forfeited to the King, and preſently ſold to his uſe, and they baniſhed never to return again into England without his ſpecial licenſe.

**Clauſ. 29. H. 3. m 17 De Judaiſmo.Mandatum eſt Juſticiariis ad cuſtodiam Judaeorum aſſignatis, quod ſtatim viſis Literis, clamati faciant per omnes Comitatus Angliae ubi Judaei Regis ſunt, quod ſi aliqua Iudaea uxor alicujus Iudaei, vel pueri ſui diffugiant, vel fugam capiant, vel aliquo modo lateant a Villa ubi fuerint manentes ad feſtum Sancti Andreae Anno regni Regis 29, uſque in unum annum proximo ſequentem, Ita quod ad Summonitionem Regis vel Ballivorum ſuorum in quorum Ballivis ipſi fuerunt manentes prompti inveniti non poſſint; quod vir ipſius Iudeae, et etiam ipſa Iudaea, et omnes pueri ſui ſtatim utlagentur, et omnes terrae, redditus, et omnia catalla ſua in manum Regis capiantur, et incontinenti vendantur ad opus Regis: Et quod de caetero non redeant in regnum Angliae, ſine ſpeciali licentia Regis.

The King had then a deſign to tax all the Iewes wives and children by the poll, which occaſioned this ſtrict proclamation, that they might be alwayes ready to be polled and fleeced at his pleaſure, there being an heavy Tax then impoſed on them.

In the ſame year and Roll this Precept was directed to Aaron the Iew of Yorke, then taxed (as it ſeems) at one hundred pounds.

**Clauſ. 29. H. 3. m. 19.…Mandatum eſt Aaroni Iudaeo de Ebor. quod ſicut diligit corpus ſuum, ſtatim viſis literis, tradat latori illarum viginti marcas Regi deferendas, de arreragiis centum librarum quas Regi ſolviſſe debuit in feſto Nativitatis Sanctae Mariae, proximo praeterito. Ita quod hoc quemlibet lateat praeter ipſum Aaronem et latorem ſupradictum. Teſte Rege apud Woodſtock, quinto die Decembris.

In the 30 of H. 3. I find theſe Records concerning the Jews.

p. 36††Pat. 30. H. 3. m. 1. pro Judae…Rex conceſſiit Iacobo fratri Elie le Eveſke Judeo London pro laudabili ſervicio ſuo quod Regi et Reginae impendit ſedendo a Scac. Judeorum, domos quae fuerunt Iocci de Coleceſter Iudei Linc. in Oxon. quae devenerunt in manum Regis tanquam eſcaeta Regis; tenendum tota vita ipſius Jacobi. Reddendo inde ſingulis annis Converſis Lond. 10s. viz. 5s. ad feſt. St. Mich. et 5s. ad Paſch. In cujus &c. T. R. apud VVodestoke 10 die Sept. Et mandat. eſt. Vic. Oxon. quod de praedict. domibus cum pertidentiis, ei plenam ſeiſinam habere faciat. T. ut ſupra.

Pat. 30. H. 3. m. 7. The King agreed to receice a fine of 3000 l. of Maſſe ſon of Hamond a Jew of Hereford Pro habenhis catallis et bonis, of his deceaſed Father, to be paid at certain times, part whereof is there aſſigned.

This year many Jews Men and women were accuſed and ordered to be tried for clipping of money, as appears by Clauſ, 30 H. 3. pars 1, m. 9. Mandat. eſt Juſticiariis ad cuſtodiam Iudeorum aſſign. quod Iudeos, et Indeas rectatos de retonſura denariorum, venire faciant coram Juſtic. de Banco. Ita quod ſint ibi in octabis S. Johis. Baptiſtae ad Iuſticiam de ipſis faciendam: Quia mand…t. eſt Iuſtie. illis quod una cum eis ad hoc intendant,

Alſo Clauſ. 30 H. 3. pars 1 m. 9.Rex pardonavit Tho. de Pulton 8 lib. quas idem T. debet Moſſeo Creſpin Iudeo, una cum omnibus uſuris quae inde proveniant, poſt quam eas ab eodem Iudaeo mutuaverat. Et mandat. eſt Baron. de Scac. quod ipſum inde quietum eſſe, et cartam ſuam pro praedicto debito impignoratam eidem Iudeo deliberari fac. Et mandatum eſt Edwardo fil. Odonis quod totam pecuniam ſuam quam rex eidem Tho. donat pro domibus ſuis occaſione praedict. debiti arreſtatam, e… deliberantur.

The King this year impoſed a Tax of ſixty thouſand marks upon the Jews, as appears by theſe ſeiſures of their debts towards the payment thereof.

**Clauſ. 30. H. 3. pars 1. m. 10. Pro Iudeo.Mandat. eſt Ed. fil. Odonis &c. quod ſolvat ad Scac. Regis 23 l. 5 s. 8 d. quas Tho. de Pulton debet Moſſeo Crespin Iudeo; in parte ſolutionis debitorum quae idem Iudeus reddere ten…batur ad Paſche proximo preterit: de portione tallag. 60 mil. marc. eundem Jud. contingent. T. R. apud Wind. 4 die Iunii. It ſeems part of this Tax or another was payable the next year, by this Mandate.

††Clauſ. 30. H. 3. pars 2. m. 4.Mandatum eſt Iuſticiar. ad cuſtodiam Judeorum aſſignatis quod non diſtringant, aut diſtringi permittant Aaron fil Abraham de tallagio 10 millium marc. de termino ſancti Michis. An. r. n. 31, niſi pro 53 marc. et dimid. ipſi inde de eodem termino contingent. T. R. apud Windſ. 23 die Auguſti.

Theſe tallages were uſually impoſed on the Jews in their abſence, being not privy thereto, unleſſe ſpecially admitted, as appears by this Record concerning the Iews of Canterbury, who gave the King half a mark of gold that one of them might be preſent at the impoſing of the next tax.

††Clauſ. 30. H. 3. pars. 1. m. 10. Pro Judeis.Quia Iudei Cantuarii ded…runt dimid. marc. auri quam Regi prae manibus reddiderunt, pro eo quod conced…ret eis, quod unus Iudeus ejuſdem villae Cantuar. interſit tallagio aſſidendo quod aſſideri debet apud Northamp. Mandatum eſt Iuſticiaris ad cuſtod. Iudeorum aſſignatis, quod unam ex ipſis ad hoc eligi, et dicto tallagio aſſidendo intereſſe faciant. T. R. apud Feverſham 20 die April.

Amongſt the records in the Treaſury of Receipts in the Exchequer, I find this, Inter Placita et Aſſiſ: capt. apud Northampton. in craſt. Nativ. Sancti Iohan. Baptiſtae, Anno Regis Henrici &c. 23. coram Rogero de Thurkelby, et ſociis ſuis rot. 38.

Ivo fil. Abraham de Stanford Iudeu: rectatus de retonſura denariorum venit, et dat Domino Regi 20 s. quod poſſit eſſe ſub placito reſpondend. ad preceptum Dom. Regis Plegii ſui Solomon fil. Sancho fil. Iſaac, & Benioy. fil. Aaron de Stanford. Whether he were condemned or acquitted for this his clipping of money for which he was then bailed I find not on Record.

p. 37In the 32 year of Henry the 3.**Clauſ. 32 H. 3. pars 1. m. 9. Pro quodam Judeo. I meet with theſe Records concerning the Jews.

Rex mandavit Juſtic. ad cuſtodiam Judaeorum aſſign. quod non diſtringant, vel …iſtringi permittant Aaron fil. Abrahami de Tallagio 60 millium marc. pro duobus milibus marc. de termino ſancti Michis anno 32. niſi pro quinquaginta et tribus marcis et dimid. ipſum inde de eodem termino contingentibus, ſicut ipſe talliatus fuit ad paſch. proximo pretericum. Et ſi forte ipſum ad plus talliaverint, illud re…axari, et ſuper communitatem Judeorum aſſidi. faciant. Teſte Rege apud Farendon 29 die Augugusti.

By which it appears the Jews were taxed at ſixty thouſand marks in this one year. A vaſt ſum in thoſe dayes.

The ſame year the King grants respestum de quibuſlibet veteribus debitis Iudei, &c. Particularly.**Ibid. m. 9.

**Ibidem m. 9. Pro Aaron Judeo Ebor.Rex dedit reſpectum Aaron Judeo. Ebor. de centum libris quas Regi ſolviſſe debuit. ad ſcac. Paſch. anno regni Regis 32. uſque ad quindenam paſchae ſancti Iohannis Baptiſtae anno eodem, et mandatum eſt Baronibus de Scaccario, quod reſpectum illum ei habere faciant. T. R apud Rading 17 die Maii.

There is this record this year concerning the Jews of Canterbury.

Iudei Cantebr. liberaverunt in Garderoba regis apud ſanctum Edmundum die Lunae prox. poſt cineres quinque Marc. de quibus praedicti Judei promiſerunt regi reſpiciendas in adventu regis apud Cantebr. **Ibid. m. 10. Pro Judeis Cantebr.Et mandat. eſt Juſtic. ad cuſtodiam Judeorum aſſignatis, quod pro predictis quinque marc. ipſos Judeos non diſtringant. Teſte Rege apud Windeſor. primo die Maii.

**Ibid. m. 11.Mandar eſt, &c. quod diſtringi faciant terras quae fuerunt Mathei Peverel, &c. for a debt due to a Jew; and to others to anſwer a debt to Aaron the Jew

In the 33 of H. 3. I find theſe records concerning the Jews.

**Clauſ. 33 H. 3. pars 1. m. 1. pro Roberto de Munteny.An Extent of Robert de Muntenay in Littlebar of a Jews land, per Sacramentum proborum et legalium hominum extendi fac. &c.

The King himſelf in that age appointed the Jews Bayliffs in the Eſchequer, as is evident by this record.

††Clauſ. 33 H. 3 pars 1. m. 7. pro Judeis.Mandatum eſt Juſtic. ad cuſtodiam Judeorum aſſign. quod non permittant quod aliquis Judeus habeat aliquam Ballivam ad Scacc. Judeorum, praeter Jacobum Epiſco…um, Abrah. fil. Vines, et Jacob fil. Flurye: et ſi Elyas Epiſcopus, qui prius fuit ad dictum Scac. reſideat ad idem Scac. per preceptum Regis, tunc Rex vult, quod re…ipiant Aaron fil. Abraham, tanquam ſocium ſuum. T. R. apud Weſtm. xi. die Julii, anno &c.

The King then likewiſe appointed the Clerks of the Jews Exchequer, and the Cirographers of their publick Cheſts, as this record doth manifeſt.

**Ibidem m. 7. pro quodam Judeo.Rex vult, quod Abraham fil. Vines ſit clericus Regis in Scac. ſuo Iudeorum, et quod ſit Cyrograph. Archae Regis Cyrograforum Iudaeorum apud London, loco Abrahamae fil. Muriell. Et ideo mandatum eſt Justic. ad custodiam Judeorum aſſignatis, quod acceptis ab eodem Abrahamo fil. Vines ſufficientibus plegiis de fidelitate, ipſum ad praemiſſa Officia admittant, et clavem Archae Cirographorum quam Abraham fil. Muriel habet, eidem liberari faciant. T. R. apud Westm: xxix. die Junii.

**Ibidem m. 8.Rex vult, quod Aaron fil: Abraham Iudeus London reſideat ad Scaccarium Regis Iudeorum tanquam Vines, &c. ut ſupra. T. R. apud Winton, 26 die Maii.

The ſame year I find an Extent of John of Coniz of Brewineſton his Land for a Debt to a Jew, per ſacram, proborum et legalium hominum extendi fac. &c. T. R. apud VVeſtm. 9 die Maii.

**Ibidem m. 10.The ſame year Aaron of Yorke agreed again with the King to pay a certain Tax to him yearly, expreſſed in this Patent.

**Patent 33. H. 3 m. 3. Pro Aar. fil. Abr. Judaeo.Rex omnibus &c. ſalutem. Sciatis quod conceſſimus Aaroni filio Abrahami Iudeo quod ſicut talliatus fuit ad p. 38decem & octo libras coram Nobis ad terminum Sancti Michaelis, Anno &c. 33. ſic tallietur ad quatuor Annos ſequentes ad triginta et ſex libras ſingulis annis praedictorum quatuor annorum; videlicet, ad feſtum Paſchae, Anno &c. 34 to. ad 18 libras, et ad feſtum Sancti Michaelis ▪ proximo ſequ…n…, ad 18 libras, et ſie DE ANNO IN ANNUM, ad eoſdem terminos ad 36 libras. Ita quod poſt praefatum terminum praedictorum quatuor annorum ad majorem pecuniae ſummam modo talli…tur. In cujus &c. Teſte Rege apud VVindſore, 21 die Sept.

In the Fine Rolls of this year I find theſe Paſſages relating to the Jews, who all joyntly and ſeverally made great fines to the King this year, particularized in the Fine rolls, what ſum every Jew (whoſe name is there entred at large) was to pay to the King: whereof take this brief account of ſome few, as a pattern of all …he reſt.

**Fines 33. H. 3. m. 7.Mandatum eſt Vic. Kanc. quod ſi Judei Cantua…. invenerint ſecuritatem ſufficientem de 7 l. 8 s. 8 d. de novo Tallagio ſuper eos aſſeſſo, & de 11 l. 17 s. 5 d. de veteri Tallagio ſuper eos aſſeſſo, ad aurum Regi inde emendum, unde alias recepit mandatum Regis, ita quod pecuniam illam habeat in manu ſua quod inde Regi reſpondere roſſit ad Scacc. Regis in Craſtino Sancti Michaelis, tunc praefatos Judeos permittat in pace, ita quod eos non diſtringat pro aliquo alio Tallagio donec aliud a Rege acceperit in mandatis. T. R. apud Merton 12 dle Sept.

**Fines 33. H. 3. m. 3. De Tallag…o uper Judeos Ebor.Mandat eſt Vic. Ebor. quod ſicut ſe ipſum diligit, habeat ad Scac: Regis in Octabis Sancti Michaelis de Aaron de Ebor. Judeo de novo Tallagio …uper eum aſſeſſo 16 l. 11 s. Et de eodem de veteri Tallagio uper eum aſſeſſo unde Vic. alias recepit mandatum Regis, 26 l. 7 s. et de caeteris Judeis Civitatis Ebor. de novo Tallagio 14 l. 11 s. et de ei…dem de veteri Tallagio, unde Vic. alias recepit mandat. Regis 23 l. 7 s. ad aurum Reg. inde emendum. T. ut ſupra.

Eodem modo ſcribitur de Iudaeis Exon de Tallag: Vic. Devon, De Iudeis Bedford, Merlebr. Briſtoll, Warw. Gloceſt. Cantebr. London, Norwic. Coleceſter, Winton, Wigorn, Hereford, Oxon, Nottingh. Northampton, Lincoln, and other Towns; and to their reſpective Sheriffs, to levy the particular ſums both of the New and Old Tallage forementioned, there ſpecified, in like manner as to the Sheriff of Yorke, which particulars fill up an whole roll well nigh.

Ibidem pro Judaeis.In the ſame Roll the King reſpites Jacobus Le Eveske a Jew, and Flora his daughter, a fine of 45 l. 6 s. 8 d. pro Relevio, et aliis finibus: and ſundry other Jews there named paid the like Fines pro Relevio upon their Parents deaths to injoy their eſtates; to be paid at certain times …here limited into the Exchequer: Et mandatum eſt Baron. de Scac. et Juſtic. ad cuſtod. Judeorum aſſignatis, quod …ic fieri et irrotula…i faciant. T. R. apud Guldeford, 13 die Sept. The like Fines for relief, pro terris & catallis Patris eorum ratione relevii Regi contingentibus;**Fines 34 H. 3. m. 2. Pro Judaeis. paid by ſundry Iews, I meet with in 34 H. 3. and many Fine Rolls elſe throughout his reign, and in Edward the 1. which I pretermit: it being entred of ſome. Dederunt Regi 20 s. auri (or ſome other ſum of gold) prae manibus.

In 34 H. 3. There was a tax of ten thouſand marks impoſed on the Jews, and this compoſition made between the King and Salmon Biſhop, a Jew concerning it, & future Taxes, thus entred in the Fine roll of that year.

**Fines 34 H. 3. m. 2. Pro Salmone Epiſcopo Judeo London.Rex conceſſit Salmoni Epiſcopo Judeo London, quod de Tallagio 10 mil. marc. per annum ſit ad 20 l. dum. Tallagium Judeorum ſit in tali ſtatu; et ſi creſcat Tallagium Judeorum creſcat ejus portis quae ipſum continget de Tallagio praedicto, et ſi decreſcatur ſimili modo. Ita tamen, quod ſi tota Communitas Judeorum Regi g…avetur de Tallagio praedicto, aut ſumma X. millium marc. debeat decreſcere, eo quod idem Salmon eſt ad talem ſummam, reſpondeat p. 39idem Iudeus ad liberatum librae ſuae de praedict. 20 l. ſicut alii Judei faciunt in tallagio ſuo. Et reddat Regi praedict. 20 lib. annuatim ad duos terminos, viz. 10 l. ad Scac. S. Michaelis, & 10 l. ad Scac. Paſchae. Et mandatum eſt Iuſticiariis ad custod. Iud: aſſignatis, quod ſic fieri et irrotulari faciant, et pro licentia conceſſionis dedit Regi unam marcam auri. T. R. apud Wyndes, 1. die Octob. et habet inde Literas Patentes per eadem verba. The like compoſitions were made with the King by Aaron of York, and many other Jews in this and other years.

In the 34 year of King H. 3. I find this recital in a writ, That the King by the long received cuſtome of the Realm ought to ſucceed the Iews themſelves in all houſes and other Lands which they ſhould purchaſe within the realme, (upon their deaths, outlary, or departure hence,) and that he might grant them to whom he pleaſed, (as well as tax them, and ſeiſe their goods at his pleaſure.)

††Clauſ. 34 H. 3. m. 19. dorſoRex Vicecomiti Norff. ſalutem. Licet de conſuetudine longeva dicatur obtentum in regno nostro, quod Nos in Domibus et aliis quas acquiſiverint Iudaei in regno noſtro ſuccedere debeamus ipſis Iudaeis; aures tamen noſtras precibus Edmundi Kake de Norwic. Capellani miſericorditer inclinantes, conceſſimus eidem Edmundo, de gratia noſtra, quod non obstante conſuetudine praedicta, habeat Meſſuagium illud in Norwic: de quo nuper ſeiſinam fieri fecimus Magiſtro Benedicto, et quod Seigumet Iudaeus utlagatus tenuit de praedicto Edmundo in eadem villa de Norwic. Et ideo tibi praecipimus, quod eidem Edmundo de praedicto meſſuagio, ſine dilatione plenam ſeiſinam habere facias. T.R. apud Clarendon 13 die Decembris.

In the ſame roll I find a writ to attach both the body and goods of a Jew, and to bring them both before the Juſtices aſſigned for the Iews.

††Clauſ. 34 H. 3. m. 11. dorſo.Mandatum eſt Vicecomiti Dorſet, quod habeat coram Iuſticiariis regis ad Cuſtodiam Iudeorum aſsignatis apud Weſtm. in Craſtino Sanctae Mariae Magdalenae corpus Solomonis Iudei de Dorceſtria, cum omnibus catallis ipſius Iudaei ſub ſigillo ſuo. T. R. apud Merleberge 21 die Junii.

In the Patent roll, of this year, the King granted this Licenſe to the Maſters of the Law of the Commonalty of the Jews in London to excommunicate ſuch Jews as refuſed to contribute that ſubſidy they had promiſed towards the ſuſtaining of their common Churchyard in London, whom they could not excommunicate without his leave.

††Pat. 34. H. 3. m. 3.R…x Iuſticiariis ſuis ad Custodiam Iudaeorum aſsignatis, ſalutem. Sciatis, quod conceſsimus Iudaeis noſtris London quod Magiſtri legis eorundem Iudaeorum in Ciuitate London promulgare poſsint ſummam Excommunicationem in omnes illos Iudaeos, qui ſubſidium aliquod promiſerunt ad Cimiterium London ſuſtinendum, et illud non ſolverint; Ita quod Nos & non alii de Judaeis excommunicatis ſufficientes emendas recipiamus, T. R. 28 Die Julii.

In the 35 of Henry 3. there are theſe records touching the Jews.

**Clauſ. 35. H. 3. m. 7. Pro R…ginaldo de Salinis Valetto Regis.Mandatum eſt Philippo Luvel, et Sociis ſuis Juſticiariis Judaeorum ſicut alias, Quod de Tallagio X. milium Marcarum aſſeſſo ſuper Communitatem Iudaeorum Angliae, faciant habere Reginaldo de Salinis 40 …ibras ad terras inde emendas ad opus ſuum, vel ad commodum ſuum alio modo faciendum prout ſibi viderit expediri, et illas in eodem Tallagio faciendo allocari Communitati praedictae. Et Rex bene vult quod eadem 40 l. Ricardo de Salinis allocantur in debitis quod debet in Judaiſmo pro eodem Reginaldo, dum tamen idem Reginaldus ſecurus ſit de portione ſua. T. R. apud Wherwell, 25 die Maii. Per ipſum Regem.

The wives and children of the Jews oft times uſed to be diſtrained and impriſoned for their Debts, as appears by this record to reſpite ſuch proceedings againſt them for a time Anno 35. H. 3.

††Clauſ. 25. H. 3. m. 5. Pro quadam Judea & pueris ſuas.Mandatum eſt Vic. Devon. quod non diſtringat, nec diſtringi permittat uxorem Boneufaunt, Judei Exon. vel p. 40pueros ſuos per corpora ſua, ipſos impriſonando occaſione alicujus debiti ſeu demandae tangentis ipſum Boneufaunt de fine 100 marc. auri, quia Rex vult ipſam Iudeam cum predictis pueris ſuis eſſe in pace uſque ad octabis Sti. Mich. prox. futuri. Et ſi ipſos impriſonavit, eos interim deliberari faciat. T. R. apud Windſore 2 die Septemb. per ipſum regem.

This year there was a tax of 10000 marks impoſed on the Iews, as is evident by Pat 35. H. 3. pars 2. m. 4. De tallagio Iudeorum aſsidendo, for aſſeſſing it, and this Ptecept concerning it.

**Clauſ. 35. H. 3. m. 7. De Tallagio Judeorum Regi reddendo.Mandatum eſt Baron. de Scac. ad cuſtodiam Iudeorum aſſignatis, quod provideant et ordinent inter ſe qualiter illa 10 millia marc. quae regi debentur de Tallagio Iudeorum regi perſolvi poſſint.

And in the ſame membrana there is this command to buy gold with the Jews money for the Kings uſe.

**De auro emendo ad opus Regis de denariis JudaiſmiMandat W. de Hoverhull Theſ. reg. Edward de Weſtm. et Phil. Luvell quod de omnibus denariis de Judaiſmo provenientibus aurum ad opus regis emi faciant, ſicut rex eidem Philippo dudum injunxit, et ſicut T. Eſpernon eis exponet ex parte regis T.R.

What great ſums of gold the King received of ſome Iews this year to be exempted from taxes, paying ſet rates for 4 years ſpace, will appear by this record.

**Clauſ. 35 H. 3. m. 11. Pro Judaeis.Mandatum eſt Juſticiariis ad cuſtodiam Judeorum aſſignatis quod illas 10 mil. marcas auri, quas Elias Judeus London regi dedit pro ſic, quod a feſto St. Mich. An. 34. uſque in quatuor annos prox. ſequentes completos, non talliaretur niſi ad centum libr. per annum, dum Tallagium regis duraret eidem inde, proximis terminis ſuis Tallagii ſui fac. allocari. Ita quod de cetero reſpondeat in tallagio ſuo Judeorum ſecundum facultates ſuas ſicut rex alias eis manda it) non obſtanre gratia regis quam ei conceſſerit pro donatione predicti auri. T. R. apud Clarendon 10 die Iunii.

Conſimiles literas habet Aaron fil. Abrah. Judeus London de 25 marc. auri allocari, ut ſupra continetur eiſdem Juſtic. directas T. ut ſupra, per ipſum regem.

Et quia Aaron de Ebor. affirmavit coram rege quod predict. aurum prefatis Aaron et Eliae alia vice, per mandatum Regis de quo Rex non recolit, fuit allocatum; Mandat. eſt prefatis Juſtic. quod ſuper hoc regem fine dilatione certificent. Scituri quod dictus Aaron Regi promiſit 200 marc. argenti, niſi predicta ſumma auri praedictis Iudeis per regem fuit allocata in Tallagio ſuo, T. R. &c. per ipſum regem.

The King this year allows a Jew to ſue for the remainder of a debt which the King had pardoned, and the Bond to be taken out of the Cheſt by this Writ.

**Clauſ. 35 H. 3. m. 5. dorſo.Rex Juſtic. ad cuſtod. Iudeorum aſsign. Cum nullus Iudeus debeat plac. de Cirograf. in Archa Iudeorum inventa et catal. Abr. de Berchanſter quae capta fuerunt in manum nostram ex toto credebamus ad opus noſtrum retinere, quorū reſiduū ad petitionem R. Com. Cornub. eidem remiſſimus, licet alias dederimus vobis in mandatis, quod inquiraretis per ſacr. legal hominum, qualem ſummam pecuniae Galfr. Manſell de dicto Abr. recepit et dict. G. de uſuris forte ſolum quietum remaneret: Volumus tamen cum dictus Iudeus reſiduum catallorum ſuorum recuperaverit quod dict. G. diſtringi faciatis ad plenam ſolutionem totius reſidui dicto Iudeo faciend. ſecundum formam Cyrogr. ſui. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod ſic fieri et irro…ulari fac. Ita quod dictus Iudeus totam ſummam in parte ſua Cyrogr. contentam cum debito integre poſsit recuperare. Et licet Cyrogr. alias per preceptum noſtrum ab Archa ſit extract. hoc facere non omittatis. T. apud Harding 25. die Auguſt.

The Jews in that age could not (without the Kings ſpecial licenſe) remove themſelves or goods from one City to another, and acquainting the Juſtices aſſigned for the Jews of his royal pleaſure therein, and were enforced to give ſecurity for one another to pay their Taxes to the King, as this record of 36 H. 3. will evidence.

**…lauſ. 36. H. ….Rex conceſſit Iacobo filio Boneufaunt Judeo, quod p. 41libere recedat a Villa Glouceſtriae, et moram facere in civitate London; Et quia idem Judeus fecit regi ſecuritatem per Iacobum le Eveske Iudeorum de tallagio ſuo ad quod tallietur, ad feſtum ſancti Martini regi reddendo. Mandatum eſt Vicecom. Glouc. quod ad ipſum, aut ad familiam ſuam, aut catalla ſua manum non apponat, ſed ipſum cum omnibus praedictis a Vil…a Glouceſtriae libere recedere permittat. Te…te Rege apud Woodſtoke 19 die Augusti per ipſum regem.

Et mandatum eſt Iuſ…iciariis ad cuſ…odiam Judeorum aſſignatis, quod ipſum inter Iudeos regis in ci…itate praedicta manere permittant, Te…e ut …upra.

**Ibid.Mandatum eſt ei…dem, quod faciant habere Iacobo le Eveske Iudeo reſidentiam in Scaccario Judeorum in ſervicio regis, et quod ad ipſum per…inet: ſecundum legem Scaccarii regis, ſicut et predeceſſores …ui c…erici regis ibidem habere conſueverunt. Teſte, ut ſupra per R. Waker.

The Iews could not then reſide nor enjoy any office in the Iews Exchequer without the Kings ſpecial grant and licenſe, Neither could they ſue for any debt (eſpecially upon an Obligation out of their common Cheſt) without the Kings expreſſe licenſe and grant. Witneſſe the preſident in the ſelfſame Roll, and others forecited.

King Henry in the 36 of his reign granted by **Pat. 36. H. 3. m. 11..Patent to Aaron of York, Elye le Eveſke de London, and Solomon le Eveſke, that for 4 years next enſuing they ſhould not be taxed above ſet ſummes a year there mentioned, to be paid half yearly by them into the Exchequer, and that their ſet ſums ſhould be allowed in the original taxes aſſeſſed upon the commonalty of the Jews, and be ab… ted proportionably as their tax was abated; Yea he granted this exemption to Aaron, his Wife & children not to be diſtrained and impriſoned for their debts or taxes, …o long as he had goods to ſatisfie them, and to ſue for goods and debts, though out of the cheſt.

**Pat. 36. H. 3. m. 10. Pro Aaron de Ebor. m 1.1Rex omnibus ſalutem. Sciatis quod conceſſimus Aaron de Ebor. Iudeo noſtro, quod neci…ſe, nec uxor ejus, nec eorum pueri diſt…ingantur per corpora ſua nec impriſonentur, quamdiu catal. a ſua ſufficiant ad districtionem faciend. pro debitis nostris. In cujus &c. duratur: per bieunium. T.R. apud VVeſtm. 15 die Marcii: Et mand…t. eſt Iuſtic. ad cuſtodiam Iudaeorum aſſign. quod ſic fieri et irrotulari faciant. T. ut ſupra per Regem.

Rex omnibus, &c. Sciatis quod conceſſimus Aaron de Ebor. Iudeo noſtro, quod poſsit placitare coram Iuſtic. noſtris ad cuſt. Iud. aſsign: pro catallis et debitis ſuis recuperandis, et ea petere ſine occaſione, uſque ad ſummam 400 lib. ſine recept…one Uſurae, licet catalla illa, et debita fuerunt extra Archam C…rogr. In cujus, &c. T. ut ſupra.

**Clauſ. 36. H. 3. m. 7, 8. clauſ. 37 H. 3. m. 20.The like Licenſe to ſue for Debts and Chattels out of the Cheſt to …uch a ſumme ſine receptione Uſurae, I …inde granted this year to Copin a London Jew, & to other Jews the ſame year; with a writ to deliver a Jew out of priſon committed upon a falſe complaint: and this pardon of two Jews wives for flying to avoid impriſonment for their husbands taxes.

††Clauſ. 36. H. 3. m. 24. Pro Judeis.Rex pardonavit Floriae uxori Elye Blundi, et Pigonae uxori Aaron Blundi, Wayn…tiam quam meis Juſticiariis promulgarunt pro fuga quam fecerunt pro Tallio ſuper praedict. Elye et Aaron aſſeſſo: et mandat. eſt praedict. Juſtic. quod praedict. Floria et Pygona propter hoc non occaſionentur. T. R. apud Windſore 12 die Feb. Per ipſum Regem.

There was likewiſe this year a precept to the Iuſtices to give a Jews wife her full and reaſonable dower of her husbands chattels.

**Clauſ. 36. H. 3. m. 26. Pro quadam Judea.Mandatum eſt Iuſticiariis ad cuſtod: &c. quod ſi Roſa quae ſuit uxor Leonis Epi: Iudei Ebor. nondum plenè habuit Dotem ſuam de catallis quae fuerunt ejuſdem Leonis, tunc eidem Iudeae plenam et rationabilem dotem ſuam habere faciant, ſecundum legem et conſuetudinem Judaiſmi Regis, T. R. Per ipſum Regem.

This year the King aſſigned certain Jews of London to p. 42tax the reſt of the Jews upon a common tax then impoſed on them; in this manner.

††Clauſ. 36. H. 3. m. 7. De quibuſdam Judeis aſſignatis ad aſſidend. Tallagium ſuper Communitate Judeorum.Rex aſſignavit Eliam Epiſ: et Aaron fil. Abrah. Iudeos London, ad aſſidend. Tallagium ſuper Communitate Iudeorum noſtrorum London; ita videlicet quod communitas illa eligat ipſis tercium idoneum ad Tallagium illud una cum dictis Eli & Aaron aſſidend. Et mandat. eſt Conſtabul: Turris London; quod ipſum tercium ſic electum eis faciat aſſociari; firmiter in…ungendo eis quod taliter ipſi provideant de Tallagio illo aſſidendo, quod Rex illud terminis Statutis habeat, et quod pro defectu eorum non oporteat regi graviter ſe capere ad Talliatores praedictos. Teſte per Philip Luvel.

It ſeems this tax then aſſeſſed amounted to 3500 marks by this enſuing record that year.

**Clauſ. 36. H. m. 32. dorſ.Rex Iuſtic. ad cuſtod. Jud: &c. Sciatis, quod Manuel Blund Judeus obtulit nobis dimid. marc. auri ut de Tallagio 3 mill. marc. et 500 marc. talliaretur ſecundum catalla ſua, ſicut ceteri Iudei de Communitate London talliantur. Et ideo vobis mandamus quod ſi judicetis hoc eſſe ad commodum noſtrum ſic fieri faciatis. T. R.

How ſtrictly this tax was levied, appears by this writ to deſtrain the Lands, Revenues, wives, children and chattels of all the Jews in York, and for the arrears of Aaron too, notwithſtanding his former exemption.

††Clauſ 36. H. 3. m. 26. dorſo.Mandat. eſt Vic. Ebor: quod diſtringat Aaron de Ebor: Iudeum, et omnes alios Judeos Ebor. per terras, et tenementa, catalla, uxores et filios, et omnibus aliis modis quibus melius poterit, ad reddend. Regi Tallagium ſuum de terminis Sancti Martini et St. Hillarii, prox. preteritis, et id ſicut ſeipſum diligit non omittat. T. R. apud Notingh. 14 die Ian.

I find a Precept of the King this year to detein a convert Jew in priſon, accuſed of a Rape and other Treſpaſſes, ſuch Converts were they then.

**Clauſ. 36 H. 3. dorſo 22.Mandatum eſt Vic. Linc. quod M. converſum commorantem apud Tornie capiat, et in priſona Regis ſalvo cuſtodiat, donec &c. per Orfanna de Geterleg. apellat: de raptu, et pace Regis fracta. T. R.

And this year **Ibid. dorſ. 14.Edw. de Weſtm. Will. de Bretun, & Tho: Eſpernu…, aſſignati ſunt ad Inquiſitionem fac. de concelamentis Iudaiſmi, tam in London, quam alibi.

Anno 37 H. 3. The Jews advancing 5000 marks to the King beforehand for his paſſage into Gaſcoigne, he thereupon made this Grant to them, to be exempted from taxes till Easter, and granted them writs in form of appeal, if over-taxed; witneſs this record.

**Clauſ. 37. H. 3 m 6. Pro Jud…is Angliae.Rex conc…ſſit omnibus Iudeis Angliae, quod pro 4000 marc. quas regi praemanibus ad paſſagium ſuum in Vaſcon: pacaverint, et pro 1000 marc. quas Regi Ric. Com. Cornub. ad dictum paſſagium pro eis ſolvit, quod ſint qu…eti de Tallagio facto ad paſſagium regis in Vaſcon: pro pred. 5000 marc. et quod non tallientur citra Paſche, et omnes Iudei qui utlagati ſunt pro dicto Tall. ſi placare voluerint quod debeant de dicto Tall. Rex conced…t eis quod ad pacē Regis veniant. Rex tamen vult quod nullū Breve allocationis valeat alicui Iudeo in isto Tallagio, quia R. Com. Cornubiae 1000 marc. de dicto Tallagio habere debet. Rex etiam vult, quod ſi aliquis Iudeus aggravetur de dicto Tallagio, quod gravamen ſuum alteri imponatur qui melius ferre poſ…it. Et ſuper hoc ſcribitur Theſ. et Baron. de Scac: et Iuſtice ad cuſtod. Iud: aſsign: T. R. apud Portſm. 7. die July, per Hen. de Wengham.

Hereupon ſome Iews complaining they were over-taxed in their tallages procured this writ for their eaſe herein.

**Ibid. m. 7.Monſtravit Regi Manuel Blundus Judeus London, quod ipſe ſuperoneratus eſt in uItimo Tallvgio ſuo, et ſolvit plus ad demidium, quam ſolviſſe debuit, et quam alii ſolverint, ſecundum facultates ſuas. Et mandatum eſt, Philippo Luvel, et Juſticiariis ad cuſtod. Jud. aſſign. quod ſi ita eſt, tunc ſuperonerationem illam in praeſentia ipſius Judei aſſidi faciant, ſuper alleviatos Judeos regni noſtri in Tallagio predicto, et pro eadem ſuperoneratione p. 43reddenda diſtrictonem fieri, et praedict. Man: returnari fac. ſine dilatione. Ita quod inde querelam rex non audiat pro defectu Juſticiae. Conſimiles Literae habet Solomon Epiſ. Judeus London.

The ſame year,**Clauſ. 37. H. 3. m. 7. Rex conceſſit Hake, fil. Ioſcey Iudeo, quod habeat pacem regis, et ſalvum ire & redire, licet ſe ſubſtraxerit pro quibuſdam plateis argenteis ei impignoratis, ut dicitur. Ita quod plegios regi inveniat quod ſtabit recto ſecundum legem Judaiſmi. Et ſuper hoc ſcribitur Iuſtic. ad cuſtod. Jud. aſſignatis. T. R. apud Harwic. 2 die Iuly.

Alſo. **Clauſ. 37. H. 3. m. 13. Pro Judeo.Rex per finem quem Moſſi de Hereford Judaeus fecit cum rege, pardonavit ei tranſgreſſionem quam fecit, pro eo quod illicentiatus a rege receſſit in fine Scac. regis Sanct. Hillarii, pro qua tranſgreſſione ipſum capi juſſerint Juſtic. ad cuſtod. Judeorum aſſignati. Et mandatum eſt eiſdem Iuſtic. quod ipſum propter hoc non occaſionari nec capi faciant. T.R. apud Harling, 7 die April.

Febr. 15. The **Ib. m. 17.19.King writes to the Iuſtices of the Iews to allow a Debt to two ſeveral Christians and Iews, (which he had pardoned the Debtors to theſe Iews) in their Taxes they were to pay.

This year a Iews wife proving a convert Chriſtian, her husband was attached for her goods, by the King, as belonging to him upon her converſion; who thereupon paid a fine to have this New caſe judicially determined in the Jews E…chequer, as this record atteſts.

**Clauſ. 37 H. 3. m. 18. Pro Judeo.Cum Abraham Batekot Iudeus attachiatus eſſet ad reſpondend. regi de catallis Amiciae Judeae, quae fuit uxor ſua, quae quidem catalla poſt converſionem ſuam ad regem pertinebant, ut dicitur. Idem Iudeus finem fecit cum rege pro dimid. marc. auri quam regi ſolvit, ut ſecundum legem et conſuetudinem Iudaiſmi ad Scaccarium Iudaeorum ſuper hoc deducatur. Et m…ndatum eſt Iuſtic. ad cuſtod. Iud. aſſignatis, quod citra feſtum S. And: ad Scaccarium Iudeorum, quod juſtum fuerit de catallis praedictis fieri facian…, ſicut praedict. eſt T. per R. de Eſsington.

King Henry in this 37 year of his reign provided and ordained theſe memorable Laws and ordinances for the better regulation of the Jews in England, reſtraining their Jewiſh rites, erection of new Synagogues, or Schools, defection from, or diſputing againſt the Chriſtian faith, entertaining any Chriſtians as Nurſes, ſervants, and communion wi…h Chriſtians, to prevent their leavening of Chriſtians with their Iudaiſme, diſtinguiſhing them from them by wearing a white Table on their breaſts, in joyning paying of tithes to the Chriſtian Miniſter where they lived, &c.

**Clauſ. 37. H. 3. m. 18. De Proviſione facta per Regem de Iudeis Angliae.Rex providit et ſtatuit, &c. Quod nullus Judeus maneat in Anglia, niſi ſervicium Regis faciat. Et quam cito aliquis Iudeus natus fuerit five ſit Maſculus ſive faemina ſerviar Nobis in aliquo. Et quod nullae Scholae Iudaeorum ſint in Anglia, niſi in locis illis in quibus hujuſmodi **Synagogae are here meant by Scolae.ſcholae fuerunt tempore Domini Iohannis regis patris regis. Et quod uni…erſi Judei in Synagogis ſuis celebrent ſubmiſſa voce, ſecundum ritum eorum, Ita quod Chriſtiani hoc non audiant. Et quod quilibet Judeus re…pondeat Rectori Eccl…iae, in cujus parochia maneat, de omnibus parochialibus ad domum ipſius Iudei ſpectantibus. Et quod nulla Nutrix Chriſtiana de cetero lactet aur nutriat puerum alicujus Iudei, nec aſiquis Chriſtianus, vel Chriſtiana ſerviat alicui Iudeo vel Iudeae, nec cum ipſis comedat, vel in domo ſua commoretur. Et quod nullus Iudeus vel Iudea comedat aut emat carnes in Quadrageſſima. Et quod nullus Judeus detrahat fidei Chriſtianae, vel publice diſputet de eadem. Et quod nullus Iudeus habeat ſecretam familiaritatem cum aliqua Chriſtiana, nec aliquis Chriſtianus cum Iudea. Et quod quiliber Iudeus ferat manifeſtam Tabulam. Et quod nullus Judeus ingrediatur aliquam Eccleſiam vel aliquam Capellam niſi tranſeundo, nec incis moretur in vituperium Chriſti. Et quod nullus Judeus impediat aliquo modo alium Judeum volentem ad fidem p. 44Chriſti convertere. Et quod nullus Judeus receptetur in aliqua villa ſine ſpeciali licentia regis, niſi in villis illis in quibus Judei manere conſueverunt. Et mandatum eſt Juſticiariis ad cuſtodiam Judeorum aſſignatis, quod ſic fieri, et ſub incurſione bonorum praedictorum Iudeorum firmiter teneri faciant. Teſte Rege apud Weſtm. 31 die Ianuarii.

Per REGEM Et CONSILIUM.

Theſe are the moſt memorable Conſtitutions of all others I have met with, made by the King and his Counſel for reſtraining the inſolencies, rites, and preventing the Leproſie and leaven of the Iews, except thoſe of 7 E. 1. (which I ſhall recite in due place) derived from theſe, which none of our Hiſtorians mention.

In the 39 year of H. 3. I find this large record touching the aſſeſſing of a Tallage upon the Commonalty of the Jews in London and other places, aſſeſſed, levyed, with all diligence and all ſorts of new deviſes.

**Pat. 39. H. 3. m. 2. dorſo.Rex Conſtab. Turris ſuae London, ſalutem. Precipimus tibi quod ſtatim viſis literis iſtis, ſtarim in preſentia tua eligi fac. tres de legalioribus et diſcretioribus Iudeis de communitate Iudeorum London, de aſſenſu Iudeorum eorundem, ad aſſidend. ſuper eandem communitatem 472 marc. quae ipſam commun. contingunt de Tallio mille libr. ſuper Iudeos noſtros Angliae aſſeſio de termino ſancti Martini prox. futuri, et aſſidend, ſuper eandem communitatem 50 marc quae ipſam contingunt de portione Tallag. Aaron de Ebor. Iudeo de Tall. predict. cui conceſſimus ad inſtantiam dilecti fratris et fidelis noſtri Rici. Com. Cornub. quod hac vice propter **See Clauſ. 39. H. 3. m 3. Pro Aaron de Ebor. Iudeo. to diſcharge him hereof for his poverty.nimiam ſuam paupertatem de praedicto Tallagio ſit quietus. Et diſtringas omnes Iudeos et Iudeas de Com. praedicto, omnibus modis quibus modis ſciveris et poteris per corpora et catalla ſua infra Archas Cyrograph. London et extra inventa, ad reddendum Regi ad opus dicti frattis noſtri portionem quae eis continget de praedict. 522 marc. Et ſi contigerit quod aliquis Iudeus vel Iudea defecerit in ſolutione porcionis quae ipſum Judeum vel Iudeam contingit de tall. et portione predictis, tunc accedas ad Arch. praedict. et extrahi facias de melioribus et clarioribus debitis ſuis in Atchis illis inventis, uſque ad portionem quae ipſum Iudeum vel Iudeam continget de tallio et portione predict. ad diſtringendum omnes debitores eorundem debitotum, ita quod habeas omnes denari…s illos albos et integros per manum tuam propriam apud Wallingfo…d in vigilia St. Andr. Apoſtoli an. r. n. 40. li…erand. …raedicto Com. vel ipſis qui per ipſum Com. ad haec fuerint deputati, et habeas ad eoſdem diem et locum de arreragiis Tallagii 100 l. de termino Sancti Trinit, praeter: de Coc. fil. Aaron (and 20 other Iews there named ordered to pay ſpecial ſums there ſpecified as due from each of them) liberandos per manum tuam praedicto Com. vel ipſis qui ad hoc fuerint deputati, unde alias recepiſti mandatum noſtrum, quod non es exercutus habeas. etiam ad eoſdem diem et locum, corpora Eliae Epi. Aaron fil. Abraham, Solomon Epi. et Iacob Epi Iudeorum, plegios de tallio praedicto, una cum corporibus illorum Iudeorum & Iudearum quae aliqua arreragia debuerunt de Tallagio praedict. Et Ita te habeas in hoc mandato exequendo, quod pro defectu tui ad te graviter capere non debeamus nec de terris et catallis tuis praedicta debita levari faciemus. T. meipſo apud Weſtm. 24 die Octob. an. r. n. 39.

Eodem modo mandatum eſt Vic. Linc. VVigorn. Oxon. Suthampt. Linc. Ebor. Devon. Wilteſhire. Glouceſt. Cantebr. Norff. Bedeford, Eſſex, Hereford, & Conſtab. Briſtol. to levy other particular ſummes upon particular Jewes there mentioned, too tedious to tranſcribe, conteining an whole Roll, where all who pleaſe may view them at their leaſure, and the Jews too names being many.

Then follows Quia Com. Cornub. ſupplicavit Regi quod mittat aliquem de ſuis uſque Wallingford in vigil. St. Andr. prox futur. qui interſit ſolutioni tunc faciendae ibid. de Tallagio et debitis Judeorum (formerly particularized p. 45at large.) quae ei conceſsit in parte ſolutionis debitorum in quibus ei tenetur. Mandatum eſt Tho. Eſpernon, quod omnibus negotiis pretermiſsis eidem ſolutioni dictis die & loco inreterſit ad eam videndam et irrotuland. & hoc non omittat. T. ut ſupra. Eodem modo mandat. eſt Cyrogr. Arch. Iudeorum Winton, quod adjuvantes ſint, et conſulentes Vic. Suth. ad levand. ad opus dic. Com. Cornub. de 160l. 12 marc. quae communitatem Judeor. Winton contingunt de Tallagio nulle libr. ſuper Iudeos Angliae aſſeſſ. de termino St. Martini prox. preter: et quod permittant predict. Vic. Viſis literis ipſis habere liberam administrationem debitorum in Archis illis inventorum ad levand praedict. 160 l. 12 marc. & hoc ſicut ſe et ſua diligunt non omittant. T. ut ſupra, Eodem modo mandat. eſt Cyrograph. Archae Iudaeorum Coleceſter, Wigorn, London, to levy other particular ſumms there ſpecified in like manner. And Dorſ. 4. there are the ſame writs in all things pro aſsidendo & levando upon the Commonalty of the Jews of London 247 mar. and of other ſums upon all Jews of England in form aforeſaid.

In Clauſ. 39. H, 3. m. 7: There is order for Vines a Jew to recover his debts owed by creditors, by reaſon of his poverty, Alſo Commands to Sheriffs to ſeal up the Iewes Cheſts, and to others to open and view their writings.

**Clauſ. 39. H. 3. m. 13. De Archis IudeorumMandat. eſt Cyrogr. Chriſtianis & Judeis Hereford, quod petmittant Vic. Hereford. & Hug. de Pylardington habere acceſſum ad Arch. Cyrogr. er illam ſigillis ſuis ſignare, et quod permittant Will. Manſell. Vic. War. & praedict. Hug. predict. ſigilla frangere, & Cyro. in praedict. Archa invent. videre et irrotulare prout injunxit, T. per Philip Luvel. Eodem modo mandat. &c. Cyrogr. Chriſt. & Jud. et Vic. Wigorn. ſtatim viſis literis accedat ad Arch. Cyr. Wigorn. & illum ſigillo ſuo ſignet, & quod capiat corpota Hake de VVigorn. Iud. et Aar. et Sampſ, fil ſuor. et eos duci fac. Lond. & ibi cuſtod. Turr. R. Lond. T. ut ſupra, The like command is to the Sheriff of Hereford, to ſeal up the Jews Cheſt there, and for Hugh P. to ſearch it.

In **So it was noted when I read it, though miſtaken in the year.Clauſ. 39 H. 3. pats 2. dorſ. 16, 17. There is a large Catalogue of the Lands, Houſes, Rents, Morgages, real and perſonal eſtate and debts of Abraham a Jew in ſeveral Counties, amounting to a vaſt ſum, taking up near two Membranes, which were all imbreviated and confiſcated to the Kings uſe. And a proclamation by the King, that No Iew ſhould be ſuffered to depart out of the realm of England.

In 40 H. 3. the King by his Letters Patents authorized Commiſſioners to ſell the houſes, and enquire after the goods and chattels of the Jews, condemned for **See Firſt Demurrer, Edit. 2. p. 29, 30, &c.crucifying a child at Lincoln.

††Pat. 40 H. 3. m. 5 De domibus quorund. Iudeorum vendendis.Rex omnibus, &c. Sciatis quod conſtituimus dilect: et fidel. noſtros Simon Paſſe…eiw, et Will: de Leighton, Vic. noſtri London, ad vendend: per viſum et teſtimonium legalium hominum, domos quae fuerunt Judaeorum Linc. ſuſpenſorum pro parvo crucifixo ibidem, prout commodo nostro magis viderint expedire, et ad inquirend. quo devenerunt catalla eorundem Iudaeorum, et qui ea habeant, et quantum valeant. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod eidem Simoni et Vic. ad hoc ſitis intendentes et auxiliantes cum ab eis requiſiti fueritis. In cu us, &c. T. R. apud Woodeſt. 20 die Aug.

It ſeems ſome of theſe Jews that crucified this child turned Chriſtians to ſave their lives, for which I find this kind of pardon granted to one of them at the ſuit of a ††See Mat. Paris, p. 622. Firſt Demurrer, p. 33Frier.

**Pat. 40. H. 3. m. 18. Pro Joh. Converſo.Rex omnibus, &c. ſalutem. Sciatis quod ad inſtantiam dilecti nobis in Chriſto fratris Iohannis de Dorbuton, pardona…i Iohanni Converſo ſectam pacis noſtrae quae ad nos pertinet, pro morte pueri nuper crucifixi apud Lincoln, dum predictus Iohannis fuit Iudeus ejuſdem Civitatis, unde rectatus eſt, et firmam pacem noſtram ei inde concedimus. Ita tamen quod ſtet recto in Curia noſtra, ſi quis verſus eum inde loqui voluerit. In cujus &c. T. R. apud Weſtm. 10 die Jan.

The ſame year there iſſued a precept to the Sheriff of p. 46Lincoln, to ſend the Cheſt of the Iews of Lincoln to London, belike for the ſame crucifying of this child.

**Clauſ. 40 H. 3. pars 1. dorſ. 16.Mandat. eſt Vic. Linc. quod ſtatim viſis literis iſtis mittat uſque London Archam Cirogr. Lincoln, ſub ſalva cuſtodia liberand. Ph. Luvel Theſaur. Regis et Juſtic. ad cuſtodiam Iud: aſſignatis, et quod venire fac. ibidem, cum eadem Archa omnes Cyrographarios ejuſdem Villae, tam Chriſtianos quam Iudaeos, et hoc non omittat.

This year the King ordained a New Juſtice for the Iews, who took an Oath of Fealty to the King, due to his Office, and was formally inveſted in the place, as this record relates.

**Clauſ. 40 H. 3. pars 1. m. 15. De Juſtic. conſtit. ad Cuſtodiam Judeorum.Rex constituit Adam de Greenvile, Iuſticiarium ſuum Iud…rum, et ab eo recipit Sacramentum fidelitatis Regi debitum pretextu officii ſui. Et mandat. eſt Phil. Luvel Theſaurar: regis, &c. quod ipſum in locum ſuum, tanquam Iustic. Regis in Scac: Iudaeorum ſine dilatione ponant. T. R. per R. Walis.

††Ibidem dorſ. 9. Pro Judeo.Cok. fil. Aaron Iudeus London, cum inſtantia ſupplicavit regi, Quod ſuper Fine quem nuper fecit coram Philip. Luvel Theſ. et Henrico de Bathon, ad opus regis pro 20 marc. auri, eidem Iudeo literae Patentes fieri fac. Et mandatum eſt eiſdem Philippo, et Ric: quod formam Literarum Patent. quas pred. Judeus inde habere debet ad terminos ſolucionis ejuſdem auri ſub ſigillis ſuis ſignificent, ut Rex literas illas eidem Judeo fieri et conſignari faciat. T. R. apud Clarend. 3 die Iulii. It ſeems theſe Juſtices directed all the Iews Patents of this nature.

In the 41 year of King Henry the 3d. Elyas Biſhop, the High Prieſt of the Iews, as ††Hiſt. Angl. p. 888. See my firſt Demurrer. p. 28.Mat. Paris ſtiles him, for a certain Tranſgreſſion againſt the King, and his Brother King of Almaine, was judicially deprived of his High-Prieſthood and Prieſtly Office, by the judgement of the Kings Juſtices aſſigned for the cuſtody of the Jews in the Exchequer, and of all his other Offices formerly granted him by the King; and that he ſhould never be capable to receive or execute theſe Offices again: whereupon the King for a Fine of 3 marks of gold paid by the Commonalty of the Jews, granted unto them by his Charter, that from thenceforth none ſhould be their Prieſt, but by the common election of the ſaid Commonalty of the Jews; and that upon the death of every Prieſt, they ſhould have free Liberry to chuſe another Prieſt, and of preſenting him to the King, that he might obtain his aſſent and ſavour therein; as this memorable record informs us, wherein the names of the Juſtices aſſigned to the Iews are ſpecified.

**Pat 41. H. 3. m. 4. no. 6. Pro Communitate Judaeorum Angliae.Rex omnibus, &c. Cum Elyas **Epiſcopus here, I conceive to be a ſurname, as Le Eveske, the ſame in French, and Biſhop then was, & at this day is both amongſt the Jews, French and Engliſh, not a name of Office, as is generally miſtaken.Epiſcopus Iudaeus noſter London, pro t…anſgreſſione quam feci…, tam Nobis, quam dilecto fratri noſtro Regi A mannorum a ſacerdotio communitatis Iudaeorum Angliae coram dilectis & fidelibus noſtris Philippo Baſſet, Philippo Luvel, Henrico de Bathonia, Simon Paſſelew, & caeteris Iusticiariis ad cuſtodiam Iudaeorum aſſignatis, quos ad Tranſgreſſionem illam convincendam Iusticiarios noſtros aſſignavimus, Per Iudicium eorundem ad Scaccarium noſtrum Fuerit abjudicatus, et de ejuſdem Sacerdotii Officio, et etiam de omni modis al…is officiis et Ballivis quas a Nobis prius obtinuit ſit depoſitus; Nos de conſilio e rundem Iuſticiariorum conceſſimus praedictae Communitati Iudeorum noſtrorum Angliae, per finem trium marcarum auri quem Creſſe et Haginus fratres ejuſdem Iudaei, nobis pro eadem Communitate fecerunt, quod praedictus Elyas Sacerdotium illud nunquam in poſterum habeat et recuperet: Et quod nullus de Communitate illa de caetero ſit Sacerdos niſi per communem Electionem Communitatis ejuſdem. Quod illa Communitas poſt deceſſum cujuſlibet Sacerdotis ſic electi, alium eligendi quemcunque voluerint Sacerdotem liberam habeat facultatem, ac ipſum Nobis praeſentandi, ut noſtrum ſuper hoc aſſenſum optineat et favorem. In cujus, &c. Teſte Rege apud Wodſtoke, 20 die Iulii.

I obſerve in this Record, that Elyas, is ſtiled, only, p. 47Sacerdos, not Presbyter Iudeorum his only Prieſtly office called, Sacerdotium communitatis Angliae. & Sacerdotii officium; not Presbyteratus omnium Judeorum totius Angliae, as **Here f. 3.23. b.Jacobs and Aarons forementiontioned Offices are. And he that ſhould ſucceed him by common election, is ſtill here ſtiled Sacerdos, Sacerdotis, Sacerdotem, thrice together, not Presbyter at all: Therefore certainly theſe offices were diſtinct, the one eccleſiaſtical, the other temporal in the Exchequer only as I formerly manifeſted.

What Elias his offence was, for which he was thus deprived of his Prieſthood, is not expreſſed in the record, but moſt probably it was his ſtout & bold ſpeech to the King, Earl Richard and the Lords, in behalf of the Jews the year before, when they exacted an intollerable tax from them under pain of a moſt loathſom priſon,**Pag. 28.29. hanging, and an ignominious death, recorded at large by **Hiſt. Angl. p. 887.902.Matthew Paris and in the firſt part of my Demurrer, which I ſhall not repeat, What power the King and his Juſtices then had over their Iewiſh Biſhop, & Prieſts themſelves is ſufficiently evident by this Record.

In the Rolls of 41 H. 3. I find the King **Pat. 41. H. 3. pars 1. m. 8.at the interceſſion of his Brother King of Romans, acquitting Creſſe, and two other Iews of London for 5 compleat years then next enſuing, Ab omnibus Tallagiis & auxiliis ad Nos pertinentibus, pro una marca auri et dimid.. to be paid by each of them yearly into the Wardrobe, And at the inſtance of the Queen he granted this exemption Iacobo le Eveske Judeo, and to his Son Benedict after his death. Quod toto tempore vitae ſuae quietus eſſet de omnibus Tallagiis, auxiliis, et aliis demandis ad nos pertinentibus, pro 5 marc. argenti nobis annuatim reddend. ad Scac. nostrum,**Ibid. m. 13 & 17. ſalvo tamen nobis & haeredibus noſtris miſericordias in quas inciderit pro forisfacto aliquo perſonam ſuam tangente. Likewiſe he granted by Patent to Cok. a Jew licence to ſue for his fathers debts, for which he paid a fine to the King, and to extend his Debtors lands for the debts, ſine aliqua uſura. Yea I find this pardon of an Outlawry to a Jeweſſe the ſame year.

††Ibid. m. 17. Pro Roeſia Crespin Iudea.Rex omnibus, &c. Sciatis quod per finem quem Roeſia Creſpin Iudea London fecit nobiſcum, remiſſimus ei vtlagariam in ipſam promulgatam, et malas occaſiones pro eo quod ipſa non venit ad mandatum nostrum. Et ideo vobis mandamus quod ipſam contra hanc conceſſionem noſtram non vexatis. In cujus, &c. Teſte R. apud Winton 4 die Novembris.

This ſtrange Precept was ſent the Conſtable of the Tower, not to bail the Jews upon any Juſtices Precept.

**Clauſ. 41 H. 3. m. 6.Mandat eſt Conſtab. Turris London, quod nec Vic. nec Judeum, vel Judeam arreſt. pro debitis Ri. Rom. R. deliberet admandatum Juſticiariorum, vel alterius cujuſcunque, ſine aſſenſu et voluntate Creſſe & Abrah. Judeorum attornat. praedict. R. Alemanniae. T. R. apud. Windſ. 17 die Jan.

In Cl. 41. H. 3. m. 7. There is reſpite of a debt granted to Kok a Jew, And Writs to the Juſtices of the Jewes, for ſome Jews ††Clauſ. 41. H. 3. pars 1. m. 12. Pro quibuſdam Judeis.Quod non ponantur in Tallagio, quamdiu terminos ſuos tenuerint of their annual compoſitions to be exempted from taxes: with this prohibition to the Kings Juſtices itinerant, not to hold Plea of any matter belonging to the Jews.

**Ibidem. See Clauſ. 56. H. 3. m. 3, 4.Quia Rex non vult quod Judei ſui placitent vel implacitentur alibi quam coram Juſtic. Regis ad cuſtod. Jud. aſſignatis. Mandatum eſt Rogero de Thurks et ſociis ſuis Juſticiariis Itiner. in Com. Linc. quod omnia placita tangentia Hagium Jud. Linc. coram eis, ponant coram Juſtic. praedict. ut ipſi eidem Judeo et aliis de eo contingentibus Juſticiam exhibeant, ſecundum legem & confretudinem Judaiſmi. T. R. apud Weſtm. 7 die Ian. Per Phil. Lovel, & Simonem Paſſelewe Iuſtic. Iudeorum, who had power to grant prohibitions to the Iuſtices in ſuch caſes.

If the Iewes were ſued before their Iuſtices, and made default, and could not be found to be diſtreined, the Iuſtices thereupon uſed to ſeiſe their Charters and p. 48Debts In the Cheſts, yea houſes into the Kings hands, as till they appeared, as this record of 42 H. 3. atteſts.

**Clauſ. 44. H. 3. m. 13.Quia Rex accepit per inquiſitionem quam per Rog. de Marcio, Simon Paſſelewe, ††Clauſ. 42 H. pars 1. m. 13 Pro Judeo.& Will. de Haſlebech fieri fecit, quod duae Cartae quae fuerunt Manuel fil. Elie Iudei Linc. inventae in Archa Cyrograph. regis Ebor. captae fuerunt in manum regis pro defaltis quas fecit verſ. Will. de Kinedal. perſonam Eccleſiae de Martin Lingeſlet in curia regis coram Iuſticiariis noſtr. ad cuſtod. Iudeorum aſſign. apud Weſtm. eo quod non potuit alio modo diſtringi & attachiari, & quod idem Iudeus propter timorem defaltarum illarum, & pro paupertate ſua ſubſtraxit ſe a Villa Linc. & non ob aliam cauſam. Rex ad inſtantiam Alfonſi Reg. Caſtile & Legionum illuſt. remiſit quantum ad Regem pertinet, eidem Iudeo ſubſtractionem praedict. & ei praedict. cartas reddidit, ita quod in dicta villa Linc. vel alibi inter Iudeos regis libere & in bona pace morari poſſit, & ſtare juri quando et ubi debuerit, ſecundum legem & conſue…udinem Iudaiſmi regis. Et mandat. eſt Theſaur. & Baron. Scac. Et Iuſtic. quod ſic fieri & teneri, & dicto Iudeo praedict. cartas ſuas reſtitui fac. & de domibus ad ipſum Iudeum ſpectantibus in praedict. villa Linc. plaenam et celer…m Iuſticiam exbibeant eidem, ſecundum legem & conſuetud. Judaiſmi praedict. T. R. apud Merton 10 die Junii. per Iuſtic. Manſell, & alios de concilio,

It appears by this and former Records, that the Jews gold could procure Kings, Queens, and other Grandees to be their Interceſtors upon all occaſions.

It is plain by this Record, that the Jews claimed an exemption from ſuits for their Tallages before the Barons of the Exchequer.

**Fines 42 H. 3. m. Pro communitate Judeorum,Rex de conſilio ſuo provide conceſſit, quod de 500 marc. aſſeſſo ſuper communitatem Judeorum Regi de tallagio ſuo arentata de termino St. Michis de an. 44. de quibus Barones de Scac. ſummonitionem fieri fecerunt Vic. R. per Angliam ad reſpondend. inde coram praedict. Baron. ad praedict. Scac. eidem Vic. reſpondeant ad Scac. R. Judeorum coram Hugone le Bygod. Juſtic. Angl. & Juſtic. R. ad cuſtod. Judeorum aſſignat. Et mandat. eſt praedict. Baron. quod ſic fieri et teneri faciant. T. R. apud Woodst. 15 die Auguſt. per ipſum regem et Conſilium.

This year divers Jews being impriſoned, the King and his Council gave order for their releaſe till further proviſion made concerning them.

**Clauſ. 42. H. 3. dorſ, 6. Pro Iudeis.Quia Rex intendit ordinare de Judaiſmo ſuo per conſilium ſuum die Dom. prox. poſt feſt. S. Mar. Magdal. Proviſum eſt per conſilium regis, Et mandatum eſt Ballivo de Wallingford, Conſtab. Caſtri Winton, & Turris Lond. quod omnes priſones Judeos in cuſtodia ſua detentos deliberent quouſque proviſiopraedicta facta fuerit. Et mandat eſt Hugoni de Creſſe Judeis Lincoln, quod nullam interim diſtrictionem faciant ſuper praedict. Judeos ſed deliberationem illam ipſam ipſi permittant.

(Anno 43. H. 3. A Jews Wife being baniſhed out of England, the husband paid a fine in gold to have licence for her to return and dwell there.

††Fines 43. H. 3. m. 10. Pro Iudea Ruſſel.Ex parte Judeae uxor Abrahae Ruſſel quondam Judeus de Wilton, factus eſt finis cum rege pro 20 ralent. auri pro habenda licentia Regis revertendi in Angliam, & ibidem vivendi in pace, in rot. clauſ. T. Rege.

After this the Iews giving the King 500 marks towards his paſſage into France, there iſſued this Patent for the ſpeedy and violent aſſeſſing and levying of it.

**Pat. 43. H. 3. m. 4. De diſtrictione fac. ſuper JudeosRex Conſtab. Turris London. ſalutem. Cum Iudei noſtri Angliae dederunt nobis 500 marc. sterling. ad paſſagium noſtrum in Franc. quod erit, deo voleute 1 die Sept. inſtantis, tibi precipimus, & in fide qua nobis tener. firmiter injungimus, quatenus ſicut honorem noſtrum diligis, et indignationem et grave dampnum tuum volueris evitare; ſtatim viſas literis abſque omni dilatione p. 49facias aſſidi per Coc: fil. Aaron, Man: Blundum, et Leon. Precioſae 100 l. ſuper Commun: Judaeorum London, quae eis contingunt de praed. 500 mar. Quibus feſtinanter aſſeſſis ſtatim diſtringas tres praedictos aſſeſſores, quam omnes alios Judaeos praed. villae per terras, catalla, et corpora eorum, uxorum & puerorum ſuorum, et omnibus modis aliis quibus melius ſcieris et poteris, ad reddendum hoc ad opus noſtrum, portionem quemlibet eorum contingentem de praed. 100 lib. Ita quod eashabeas plenarie penes te per praedict. aſſeſſores Judeos apud Turrim London, die decol. Sancti Iohannis Baptiſt. prox. inſtanti: et ita quod praedict. paſſag: noſtrum ad praedict. diem pro defectu praedict. denariorium nullatenus impediatur. Sciturus certiſſime, quod nos in omnibus mandatum noſtrum adimplendis tam graviter ad te capiemus quod plus ex hoc ſenties te gravatum, quam ſi de tuo proprio ſolveres pecuniam memoratam. Quia …uum gravamen dabit aliis timorem delinquendi. Et habeas ibi tunc hoc breve. T. R. Archidiac Bed. Theſ. noſtro apud Weſtm. 6 die Auguſti.

††Pat. 43. H. 3. m. 15.Mandat. eſt Conſtabul. Turris London, (and three more there named) quod omnes Archas Iudaeorum in pred. Turri oxiſtentes apariri, et omnia catalla et debita in eiſdem inventa diſtrahi et aperte irrotulari faciant; et ea quae ibid. invenient Regi conſtare faciant. In cujus, &c. T. R. apud Weſtm: 5. die Nov.

Anno 44 H. 3. Cok and his Brother, two Jews,††Pat. 44. H. 3. pars 1. m. 7. Pro Cok. fil. Aaron Iudeo London, & Fratre ſuo. having four years before made a fine of 2000 marks in ſilver, for the goods of their Father, except the Chattels the Queen would take for her gold, &c. The King granted them for a fine to pay the arears of the 2000 mark at certain times, and in the mean time to be freed from all Taxes, unleſs only for their own proper goods,**Clauſ. 44 H. m. 14.17. as appears by a ſpecial Patent; part of which monyes they were to pay, and paid in gold into the Wardrobe.

This year there iſſued a Precept to ſeize and levy all the Jews Debts.

††Clauſ. 45 H. 3. pars 1. m. Pro Rege de Iudaiſmo.Mandatum eſt Juſtic. ad cuſtod. Iud. aſſignatis, quod omnia debita, tam ea quae ſum in Theſaur. Judaiſmi Regis, quā ea quae manent in ſummonitione contenta, in rotulis Scacc. Iudeorum quae ſcil. debita excedunt 20 mar. liberent ſine dilatione Theſaurario et Baronibus de Scac. ponend. in ſummonitionem ibidem, retentis tamen penes ipſis Iuſtic. tranſcriptis eorundem. T.R. apud S. Paulum London 9. die Maii Per H. le Bygod.

Anno 45 H. 3. ††Pat. 45 H. 3. m. 3.The King at the Queens Petition granted Solomon Eveske of London to be free from all Taxes for two years; he alſo iſſued forth theſe Letters Patents to ſearch, inroll and inquire after all Jews debts, pawns, eſtates, &c.

††Pat. 45. H. 3. Dorſ. 9.Rex Vic. Conſtabular. Caſtrorum, Majoribus, Ballivis, Cirographr. et omnibus Miniſtris ſuis de Wilton, Merleberge, Glouc. Briſtol, & Exon, et omnibus aliis preſentes Literas inſpecturis, ſalutem. Sciatis, quod aſſignavimus Magiſt. Robert: de Meleel, et Radul: de Hoceſt. ad Archas Citogr. Judaeorum aperiendas et ſcrutandas, et ad omnia d…bita in eiſdem inventa irrotulanda; et ad inquirend omnibus modis quibus melius viderint expedire, de bonis et catallis praed. Judeorum, mobilibus et immobilibus extra Archas: viz. quantum ſinguli habeant in auro et argento, vadiis, jocalibus, terris, redditibus, et omnibus rebus aliis, & in quorum manibus vel cuſtodiis fuerint et devenerint, tam in Civitatibus, Villis, domibus religioſis, quam ab omnibus locis aliis; ut de predict. debitis et catallis, et eorum quantitate certificari poſſumus. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod ad omnia praedicta exequenda et expedienda predicto Roberto, et Radul. ſitis intendentes, conſulentes et auxiliantes in omni forma quam vobis dicent et injungent ex parte noſtra. In cujus &c. T. R. apud Turr. London, 16 die Iulii.

Conſimiles Literas Pat. habet Simon Paſſelewe Archis Winton, Oxon. Bed. & Northam. Georgius de Dover, Willielmus Hamſelbech apud Cant. Eſſex, Norff: Suff. et Canteb. p. 50Roger de la Lye, apud Stanford, Lincoln, Not: et Ebor. de Her…ford, Warwicke, Wigorn.

This year the King granted this Patent of Safe conduct for a time to Solomon a Jew, who had abjured the realm, to return for a ſeaſon for his ſpecial ſervice.

††Pat. 45. H. 3. m. 13.Rex omnibus &c. ſalutem. Licet Solomon le Eveske Judeus abjuravit regnum noſtrum, tamen quia inter homines terrae pro quibuſdam negotiis nos ſpecialiter tangentibus in Angl: revertat, conceſſimus ei quod ſalvo et ſecure venire poſſit in regnum noſtrum. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod eidem Judeo in veniendo, morando, ceu recedendo malum non inferatis, vel inferri permittatis, impedimentum, dampnum vel gravamen. Et ſi quid, &c. In cujus, &c. Duratatur… uſque ad Feſtum Sancti Trin. prox: futur. T. R. apud Turrim London 16 die April.

This year the Wardens and Conſtable of the Tower of London claimed this priviledge by preſcription, that they ought to have the atachment & impriſonment of all Jews, Jeweſſes of London, and other places, and of all Chriſtians and Jews that were to be attached or impriſoned by the judgement of the Juſtices and Exchequer of the Iews, for any matters concerning Judaiſme; and likewiſe to hold Plea in the Tower of all Debts of Iews under 40 s. which priviledge the King allowed, and commanded to be obſerved by this Writ.

††Clauſ. 45 H. 3. pars 1. m. 11. Pro Cuſtodia Turris London.Rex Juſtic. ſuis ad cuſtod Iud. aſſign. ſalutem. Quia Cuſtodes et Conſtab. Turris noſtrae London ſemper habere conſueverunt omnia attachiamenta tam Iudeorum quam Iudearum London; quam aliorum Iud: noſtrorum forinſecorum; et etiam impriſonamentum. tam Chriſtianorum quam Iudeorum, quos occaſione Iudaiſmi Priſonae noſtrae contigerit adjudicari, vel per preceptum noſtrum, vel per conſiderationem Scac. noſtri Judeorum. Quia etiam predicti Cuſtodes et Conſtab, tenere conſueverunt placita inter Chriſtianos et Iudeos, de vadiis uſque ad ſummam 40 s. Providimus & volumus, quod de cetero ſic fiet in omnibus. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod omnes tam Chriſtianos, quam Judeos; quos contigerit per preceptum noſtrum, vel conſiderationem praedicti Scac. noſtri Iudeorum catcerali cuſtodia ratione Judaiſmi quoquo modo committi, eos liberari faciatis Conſtab. Turris noſtrae, et per ipſos et Miniſtros ſuos praedict. faciatis attachiamenta de Judeis, et placita vadiorum reneri ſicut praedict. eſt. Ita quod nullus, niſi Conſtabulatius predict. Turris noſtrae de caetero ſe intromittat de hujuſmodi attachiamentis vel impriſonamentis, vel placitis vadiorum praedict. Et hoc faciatis firmiter teneri et obſervari. T.R. apud Sanctum Paulum London, 26 die Maii

Which record fully ſets forth the Iuriſdiction of the Keepers and Conſtable of the Tower of London, over the Jews perſons and affairs in that age.

**Ibidem m. 17. Pro Creſſeo Iudeo Wilton.Rex Iuſtic. ad Cuſtod: &c. Monſtravit nobis Creſſe Iudeus de Wilton qui decimo anno preterito finem vobiſcum feciſſet per aurum ad opus noſtrum, ut ſine occaſione implacitare poſſet coram vobis Galf. de Winelesford de debitis quae ei debet extra Archam Judaeorū; quod idem Galf. recognoviſſet coram vobis ſe debere praefato Iudeo X. libr: attamen quidam prefat. Iudeo invidentes ipſum ſuper dicto debito frandulenter et malicioſe inquietare et moleſtare nituntur. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod ſi ſcrutatis rotulis Scac. noſtri Judeorum inveneritis ipſum Judeum finem predict. feciſſe, tunc finem illum ſecundum irrotulat. praedict, et conſuetudinem Judaiſmi noſtri remanere fac. ſine occaſione. T. R. apud Windeſ. 5. die Febr.

The King wanting preſent moneys this year, ſent forth this writ.

††Ibidem dorſ. 15. Pro denar, de Judaiſmo mittend. ad Regem.Quia Rex plurimum indiget ad praeſens pecunia. Mandat. eſt Juſtic. ad cuſtod. Iudeorum aſſignat. quod omnes denarios de Judaiſmo regis quos reſervant ad autum inde emend. ad opus Regis, ſine dilatione liberent in Garderoba Regis Aberico de Fiſchamp, & Petro de Winton Cler. et faciend. inde quod Rex eis injunxit.

p. 51**Fines 46 H. 3. m. 14.Anno 46 H. 3. I find 18 ſeveral Jews paying ſeveral fines to the King for Patents, and that they might abide within certain Towns: As likewiſe a Precept to the Conſtable of the caſtle of Gloceſter, to ſeiſe all the chattels houſes, Lands, and tenements of Caupon a Jew of Gloceſter, and keep them ſafe till the King gave farther Order; with this further command to the Barons.

**Fines 46 H. 3. m. 13.Mandatum eſt Baron de Scac. Quod omnes Cartas, Tallias, et inſtrumenta inventa in Archis Regis Cyrographariis de debitis Judeorum per Angliam, Regi relictis ſeu conceſſis poſt ultimum ſcrutinium et proventum fact: de debitis predictis, per illos quos Rex ad hoc deputavit, coram eis venire faciant, ad praedicta debita ad uſus Regis levanda ſecundum quod Rex eis injunxit. T. &c.

He likewiſe made ſeveral grants to Jews, not to releaſe, pardon, reſpite, or extend their Debts, in this form.

**Pat. 46. H. 3. m. 14.15.Rex omnibus, &c. Sciatis, Quod per finem quem Benedictus de Lincoln Judeus fecit nobiſcum, et de quo nobis ſatisfecit in Garderoba noſtra, conceſſimus eidem Iudeo quod de nullis debitis ſuis, quae eidem debentur, aliquam extentam, aut terminorum prorogationem, quietantiam, ſeu donationem aliquam faciemus infra quinquennium, à tempore confectionis praeſentium literatum. In cujus, &c. T. R: apud Windſore 15. die Maii. The like Patents were then granted to 4 other Jews, and to 8. Jews more on the 19th of February.

The Jews of Canterbury complaining to the King of violence offered to them by the people in Canterbury, who broke open their doores, beat them, and intended to burn their houſes with fire, in the night, iſſued this commiſſion to inquire out the Malefactors, that they might be puniſhed.

**Pat. 46. H. 3 m. 19. dorſo.Cum Rex ex parte Judaeorum Cant. gravem accepit querimoniam; quod quidem malefactores et pacis Regis perturbatores, tam Clerici, quam Laici, ejuſdem civitatis nuper venerunt noctanter ad domos eorundem Judeorum in eadem villa, et oſtia et feneſtra eorundem domorum ſecuribus exciderunt et fregerunt, et ad domus illas comburendas ignem ibidem detulerunt, & poſtmodum quoſdam ex Judeis praedictis enormiter verberaverunt, & maletractaverunt contra pacem Regis. Rex aſſignavit Walt. de Berſted ad inquirend. per ſacram: &c. qui tranſgreſſionem praedict. fecerunt: & quid per eandem inquiſitionem invenerit regi in propria perſona ſua ſine dilatione ſcire fac. ut ad inſolentiam predict. malefactorum reprimendum et correctionem debitam de tranſgreſſionibus predict. faciendam de conſilio ſuo faciat, quod ſuper fuerit faciendum. Et mandat. eſt Vic. Kanc. &c.

The Juſtices of Aſſize this year proceeding notwithſtanding a Prohibition from the Juſtices of the Jews to ſtay the proceedings in a ſuit for a Jews houſe in Colcheſter, which was recovered by his default, notwithſtanding the Prohibition, thereupon there iſſued this writ of reſtitution for the Jew.

††Clauſ. 46 H. 3. pars 2. m. 2. Pro Hanekino de Flem. et ſocio ſuo Judaeis.Rex Vic. Eſſex ſalutem, Cum Willielmus de Ponte nuper Arraniavit per Breve noſtrum quandam Aſſiſam novae diſſeiſinae coram Nich. de True et ſociis ſuis Juſtic. nostris ultimo Itin. in Com. Eſſex, verſ. Hanekun de Flemeg. et Urſellum Judeum de Coleceſter, de ten: in Coleceſter: ac per Iohannem de Weſton, et Tho. de Pynkeſden, Iuſtic. ad cuſtod. Iud. aſſign. eidem Urſello ſit inhibitum, ne alibi quam coram eis ſuper aliquo reſpondere praeſumeret; per quod idem Urſell: coram praefato Nicho. et ſociis ſuis Iustic. noſtris comparere non audebat praefato Willielmo inde respondere. Cumque Aſſiſa illa per defaltum praefati Urſelli tunc capta fuiſſet, ac idem Willus. ſeiſinam de tenem. predicto per ret. Aſſiſae praedict. recuperavit. Attendentes abſentiam praefati Iudaei occaſione, Inhibitionis praedict. ſibi factae ei non debere imputari; tibi praecipimus, quod praefato Iudeo tenem. praedict. cum pertinentiis rehabere fac. tenendum abſque deſtructione vel abſque alienatione, aliqua inde facienda, vizt. uſque in crastinum Epiphaniae Dom: prox: futur. ita p. 52quod tunc vel citra, per praedict. Mich. Johan. & Tho. quos Iustic. nostros ad hoc aſſignavimus, exhibeant in praemiſſis utraque parte Iuſticiae complementum. Et tu ipſe provideas, quod per judicium ſupradictum de tenemento illo nulla fiat alienatio ſeu domorum deterioratio, nec aliquo modo inde fiat deſtructio, per quod tenementum illud interim deteriorari contingat. T. apud Weſtm. 20 die Octob.