Aurum Regina, Section 6 (1 of 5)

Aurum Regina · Section 6 (1 of 5)

p. 8SECT. VI.

A Chronological Collection of the Principal Records, Patents, Writs, Accounts, in the Tower of London, and Court of Exchequer at Weſtminſter, concerning Aurum Reginae; with brief Obſervations on them.

HAving rendred you this Summary Account of this Duty of Aurum Reginae, and of the ſeveral materials, circumſtances that concern or relate unto it in general and ſpecial, I ſhall in this laſt Section preſent to your view, a Chronological Collection and Tranſcript of all the principal Records, Patents, Writs and Accounts extant in the Tower of London, and Court of Exchequer at Weſtminster, which have hitherto come to my view, with ſome brief Obſervations on, and from them: Which will copiouſly evidence, juſtifie, ratifie the truth of what I have aſſerted concerning Aurum Reginae in the premiſed Sections, and diſplay what elſe may conduce to the full diſcovery or knowledge of this abſtruſe, over-long-concealed, diſcontinued Prerogative of the Queens of England to all thoſe who deſire information or ſatisfaction therein.

I ſhall begin with the ancienteſt, and ſo deſcend (in order of time) to the laſt Records and Memorials of this Subject; referring each of them by figures, to the premiſed Sections ſo farr as they prove, evidence, confirm or illuſtrate the contents thereof.

The firſt and moſt memorable Record I have yet ſeen,Anno 23 H. 2. & Chriſti 1177. which both mentions and Treats of Aurum Reginae, is a Dialogue or Treatiſe enrolled in the Red, and Black Book of the Kings Exchequer at Weſtminſter, (whereof there is a fair Tranſcript in Lincolns Inne Library, *Neither the Red, nor Black Book was compiled by Gervaſius, they containing many things done long after his death.given to it by our Famous Antiquary Mr. Will: Lambard, a Member of that Society, An. 1572.) intituled, Gervaſii Tilberienſis, De Neceſſariis Scaccarii Obſervantiis, Dialogus, dedicated by him to K. Henry the 2. in the 23. year of his reign, (as himſelf relates in his Proeme)) Anno Domini 1177. in the ſecond Part of which Dialogue, cap. 26. (1) DE AURO REGINAE, he renders us this exact Account concerning the Quiddity, Quantity, Quality, Legality, and manner of levying this duty in the Exchequer in that and former ages; per Conſuetudines et Iura Scaccarii, as his Proeme informs us. I ſhall preſent you with his intire**Lib. Niger in Scac. p. 43, 44. Dialogue concerning this Duty.

Ad haec noverint hi (1) qui in pecunia numerata Regi (4) ſponte obligantur, quod REGINAE ſimiliter tenentur, licet expreſſum non fuerit. Quamvis enim non ſit expreſſum, eſt tamen promiſſo compromiſſum. Vt, cum Regi Centum vel Ducentas Marcas promiſerit, REGINAE pariter teneatur pro Centum Marcis Argenti Regi promiſſis, IN UNA MARCA AURI, pro Ducentis, IN DUABUS MARCIS AURI; et ſt… deinceps. In his autem perquirendis (5) eadent lege Vicecomes per omnia utetur qua in Regiis uſus eſt, non tamen ante, ſed poſt. Cum ergo de Regiis debitis ſummonitiones fiant, (5) adeſt Clericus Reginae ad hoc conſtitutus. Et addit in ſummonitione, de illo has Centum Marcas pro cauſa illa, ET AD OPUS REGINAE UNAM MARCAM AVRI. Summonita autem ad Scaccarium ab eius Officialibus ad … i…titutis ſeorſ…m ſuſcipiuntur. Noveris etiam, quod (5) llicet Rex de promiſſa ſ…bi ſumma mediam partem dimiſerit, vel univerſam, v…l etiam ſummonere diſ…ulerit, de his tamen quae ad REGINAM pertinent, ſ…cundum quod ſibi viſum p. 9fuerit, per omnia fiet, ut ea nolente, nec dimittantur, nec differentur, quae ſibi debentur, ſed ſummonita ſolbantur, et non ſolventes praedicto modo coerceantur. Diſcipulus. Nunquid de promiſſis Regi citra Centum Marcas, aliquid REGINAE debetur? Magiſter. Quibuſdam ſic videtur, ut (1) uſque ad Decem Marcas teneatur: ut ſcilicet, is qui Regi decem Marcas promiſerit, IN UNA UNCIA AURI REGINAE TENEATUR; Aliis non, niſi de Centum, et ſupra, ab initio promiſſis. De his igitur ad praeſens cum modeſtia, quia (re nondum terminata) ſuſpenſa reſolutio eſt. Litigat ſane de his pars REGINAE cum debitoribus, et adhuc ſub Iudice lis eſt. De**Id eſt, de condonatione. miſericordia (4) Iudaeorum, et de redemptione Monetariorum (for falſifying, clipping and abuſing the Kings coin) ſicut deſponte oblatis dictum eſt, ſua portio ſecundum formam praedictam REGINAE debetur. Diſcip. Nunquid in pecuniariis & ſponte oblatis, Clerici & Laici ſine differentia coerceantur? Magiſter. In ſponte oblatis, apud omnes Lex una ſervatur, ut ſive Clericus ſit, ſive Laicus, qui non ſolvend… fuerit, donec ſatisfecerit careat impetrato. Obſervatur etiam idem in omnibus aliis quae quovis pacto Regi debentur, &c.

To which I ſhall ſubjoyn this paſſage in his Dialog. 2. c. 23.

Quid de ſponte offerentibus faciendū cum & ipſi non ſolvunt? (The Queens Gold ariſing out of ſuch Oblations.)**Oblata Regi in Rem. See the Pipe Rolls of H. 2. R. 1. K. John, H 3. E. 1, 2, 3, &c. Tit. Oblata, Nova Oblata, Oblata Curiae, & Promiſſa. Noveris igitur quod oblatorum Regi, quaedam in rem, quaedam in ſpem offerentur. In rem quidem offerri dicimus, cum oblatum à Rege ſuſcipitur, & offerens conſequenter, pro quo obtulit à Rege ſuſcipit, Vt ſi quis pro libertate aliqua, profundo, vel pro firma, vel pro cuſtodia cujuſ que qui minor eſt aetatis uſ que ad annos legitimos habenda, vel pro quovis alio quod ad ſuam utilitatē vel honorem accedere videatur, ſponte Regi Centum libras, vel Centum Marcas offerat, et aſſentiente Regi, ſtatim poſt oblatum ſuſcipiat optatum. De his qui ſpontè ſe obligant, & qui conventionem cum Principe factam, poſſidere jam ceperint, lex noſtra decernat, ut quamdiu ſolvendo fuerint, indultis ſibi beneficiis gaudeant, & utantur. Quod ſi de Regis debito ſummoniti, ſolvere deſierint, ſtatim careant impetratis; ut ſi manente Scaccario ſuper eadem ſatisfecerint, oblata omnia ſine molestia reſtituantur. In ſpem verò dicantur offerri, cum quis exhibendae ſibi justitiae cauſa ſuper fundo vel redditu aliquo Regi ſummam aliquam offert, non tamen ut fiat (ne in nos excandeſcas, & venalia penes eum Juſticiam dicas) immò ut ſine dilatione fiat, &c.

From this Record and Diſcourſe concerning Queen gold, (ſtiled in ſubſequent Records in the Exchequer, An Ordinance and Statute,) to which the Barons and Queens Officers had recourſe in ſucceeding times in Caſes concerning Aurum Reginae, I ſhall obſerve.

1. That Aurum Reginae was a Debt, Duty, Revenue belonging to the Queen-Conſorts of England by the Law, Cuſtom of England time out of mind, long before the reign of King Henry the 2. the beginning whereof is altogether u… known. But if I conjecture aright, it had its original, not from theaaSee Tho. Walſingham, Ypodig Neuſtriae, p. 22. Earls, Dukes of Normandy, who were no Kings, nor their Wives Queens, (and ſo could neither create, nor denominate this Royal prerogative of Aurum Reginae) but from the Roman Emperors, whoſe Wives had the Titles ofbbSee Mr. Seldens Title… of Honor. part 1. ch. 6. ſect. 7, 9, 110, 111. Ulpian, ff. de Legibus, l. 31. Princeps, ff. De Jure Fiſci, l. 6. AUGUSTA, & DIVA AUGUSTA, as the Emperors had of AUGUSTUS & DIVUS AUGUSTUS, and the SAME PRIVILEDGES with the EMPEROR; And that our famous Queen Helena daughter to King Coell, wife to the Emperor Conſtantius who kept his Imperial Court, and died at Yorke, where he begate the moſt renowned Chriſtian Emperor Conſtantine the Great on the body of this firſt Chriſtian Queen and Empreſſe in the world, (canonized afterwards for accCapgrave, Petrus Ribadeniera, and others in her life. My Hiſtorical & Chronological Collection, Tom. 1. p 43▪ to 47. 100, 105. Saint for her p. 10piety, bounty to the Church, and finding out the Holy Croſſe whereon Chriſt was crucified) was the firſt who enjoyed this Royal Duty, whereof ſhe was moſt worthy, and being ſtiledddJuſtinian, c. de Donat. inter vir. & uxor. l. 26. Capgrave, Ribadeniera, & others that write of her. REGINA as well as AUGUSTA, might well derive the Name of AURUM REGINAE thereunto. This munificent Queen, as ſhe built the walls of London and Colchester, as oureeHiſtoriae, l. 1. p. 306. Henry Huntindon ſtories, ſo ffEccleſiaſt. Hiſt. l. 8. cap. 29, 30, 31.Nicephorus Calliſtus, ggFleurs des Vies des Saints Part 2. p. 143, 144.Petrus Ribadeniera, hhEccleſiaſt. Hiſt. l. 8. c. 31. See Sozomen… Eccleſiae Hiſt. l. 1. c. 1. & Mr. Seldens Titles of Honor, Part 1. ch.Capgrave, and others relate, that ſhe built three Magnificent Temples in the Holy Land, the firſt near Mount Calvary, in the place where ſhe found the Croſſe whereon our Saviour Chriſt was crucified: the ſecond at Bethlehem, where he was born: the third upon Mount Olivet in the place from whence he aſcended into heaven; beſides 27 Churches and Oratories more in other places, which ſhe endowed with rich gifts; giving likewiſe large Alms to poor people; So large was her revenue, (whereunto it is probable this Duty of Aurum Reginae made ſome addition.) To whichiiPart 1. ch. 8. 6. p. 112, 114. Nicephorus ſubjoyns, Quam ob cauſam, condigna etiam à Deo accepit praemia: Etenim in praeſenti hac vita ea eſt conſequuta, ut praeſtantius quidquam nemo ei accidere potuiſſe putaret. Nam AUGUSTA renunciata est, ET NUMMOS AUREOS SUB EFFIGIE SUA PROCUDIT, (a badge or emblem of Aurum Reginae) Imperialibuſque Theſauris in potestate ſua redactis, pro arbitrio ſuo est uſa; as our Queens uſe their Aurum Reginae: which if I miſtake not, had its Original in and from this our glorious Queen and Empreſſe, as both the Roman Emperors, and alſo our Kings of England derived their GOLDEN CROWNS from the Emperor Conſtantine her Son, askkPart 1. ch. 8. Sect. 2. p. 164, 165, 166, 169, to …74. Mr. John Selden proves at large in his Titles of Honor.

2ly. That Aurum Reginae is due to the Queen out of all ſums of Mony or Fines voluntarily offered and aſſented to by the King for any Liberty, lands, farm, Cuſtody, Wardſhip, or other thing redounding to the parties profit or honor, and for fines for ſpeedy Juſtice, amounting to, or exceeding the ſum of 10. Marks: which though then a point unreſolved, diſputed between the Queens Officers, and thoſe who were to pay this Duty (who pretended it not due, unleſſe it were a Fine of 100 Marks or more;) yet it was ſoon after and ever ſince frequently reſolved to the contrary, as the ſubſequent Records will inform us.

3ly. That the proportion of Aurum Reginae, is one Mark of Gold out of every hundred Marks of Silver due to the King; that is, one full tenth part over and above the intire Oblation or Fine to the King; to wit, one Mark for ten Marks, and ten pounds for every hundred pounds, without any deduction from, or diminution of the Kings Oblation or Fine, from which it is diſtinct; and ſo proportionably for any other ſum above 10 Marks.

4ly. That at the ſame inſtant when any party makes a voluntary Oblation or Fine to the King, he becomes an actual Debtor for this Aurum Reginae, to the Queen, by the Law and Cuſtom of the Realm, though it be not expreſly promiſed nor agreed.

5ly. That the Queen is to have her ſpecial Clerk or Officer in the Exchequer, to receive and recover this Duty for her uſe.

6ly. That the Proceſſe for the recovery thereof, if not voluntarily paid, ought to iſſue out of the Kings Exchequer, in the ſame courſe and manner as Proceſſe doe for the Kings own debts; yet ſo, that the Kings proceſſe ſhall be firſt ſerved before the Queens.

7ly. That although the King releaſe part, or all of his Debt, or reſpite Proceſſe for the levying thereof, yet this Debt of Aurum Reginae ſhall not thereby be diſcharged, diminiſhed, nor its levying deferred, without her ſpecial conſent.

p. 118ly. That Aurum Reginae is due as well from Clergymen as Laymen; and out of the Fines of Jews, and other clippers, falſifiers of the Kings Moneyes, as of Chriſtians and other Treſpaſſers put to Fines and Ranſoms at the Kings pleaſure, or who make Fines with the King to pardon their lives, when condemned to die, or to reſtore their ſeiſed or forfeited Eſtates for their offences againſt him.

The firſt Record ſince King Henry the 2.King John. wherein I find mention of Aurum Reginae, is in the Roll of Oblata in the Tower, in the very firſt year of the reign of King John.

PRior Sanctae Fredeſwich.Oblata, An. 1. Johan. m. 14. intus, pars 1. Oxon. R. Aurum. dat. Domino Regi 30 marc. pro habendis communibus libertatibus, ſicut Dominus Rex conceſſit Abbati de Lileſull, & pro habenda inde Carta Domini Regis T. in Scaccario Sancti Michaelis 15 m. In Scacc. Paſch. 15 m. S. à Templarus uſque Priorem de Fredeſwich (5) computante ipſo Priore 546 m. 2 s. &. 8 d. de AURO REGINAE.

The next in time, are theſe two Records in the Clauſe Rolls in the 7th years of his reign.

REX Baronibus, Clauſ. 7 Johan. Regis, m. 13. in Turri London.&c. Mandamus vobis, quod de Auro Reginae quod Com. de Ferrariis nobis debet pro (4) fine terrarum ſuarum de Eſſeburn & Wirkeſworth, & de Hecham, recipietis ab eo 5. marc. ad Scac. Sancti Michaelis, anno &c. 8. & ad Scac. prox. ſequens, 5. mar. & ac Scaccarium Michaelis prox. ſequent. 5 marc. Ita tamen quod ipſe nobis reddat ad hoc inſtans Scac. Paſchae anno, &c. 8. quicquid nobis debet de Auro illo ultra praedict. 15 Marcas. Teſte meipſo apud Suhampton. 10 die Aprilis. Peripſum Regem.

REX, Ibidem, m. 23.&c. Baronibus de Scaccar. ſalutem. Sciatis, quod pardonavimus Girardo de Rominal quatuor Marc. Auri, de Auro Reginae quas debuit de debito Patris ſui. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod eum inde quietum eſſe faciatis. Teſte meipſo apud Dertemu. 21 die Junii.

The next I meet with is this of the 9th year of King John.

REX, Clauſ. 9 Johan. Regis, m. 10. in Turri London.&c. Baronibus, &c. Sciatis, quod volumus, ut de caetero, reddatur Aurum Reginae ad Scaccarium noſtrum, quod inde audiatis Compotum, ſicut de aliis Debitis noſtris; et quod fidelis noſter (5) Alexander de Refham cuſtodiat Rotulos, et intromittat ſe de Auro Reginae exigendo. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod eident Alexandro officiunt illud habere faciatis, & ad diem competentem audiatis Compotum Alexandri de Lucy, de Recepta ſua, quam habuit de Auro Reginae de tempore quo illud Officium habuit. Mandamus etiam vobis, quod (5) omnes terras, quas Jollanus de Amundevill. habuit tempore quo ipſe mutuo accepit Debita de Aron Judaeo, capiatis in manum nostram, quicunque illas teneat, pro 272 l. quas ipſe nobis debuit de debito Aron, &c. (the reſidue of the Writ being for the levying of other Debts.) Teſte meipſo apud Hereford. 22 die Novembris.

In the great Rolls in the Pipe Office in the Exchequer at Westminſter, I found theſe ſeveral Records, Memorials and Accounts of Queen-gold during the reign of King John, An. 10 Johan. Regis.

p. 12Com. Berks, An. 10 Regis Johan. in Magno Rotulo in Officio Pipae in Scacc.ſub titulo AURUM REGINAE. Abbas de Redinges reddit Compde 4 l. de Fine 60. marc. pro habendo eo quod defuit de Hundredo ſuo de Redinges, toto tempore habendo quo fuit in manu Regis.

In eodem Rotulo. Gloucestr. ſub titulo Amerciamenta, Idem Vicecomes (Glouceſt.) reddit Compotum de 1. marc. de Iudaeis de Briſtow pro AURO REGINAE.

Ibidem. Eſſex, Hertford, in dorſo: ſub Titulo AURUM REGINAE, Radulfus de Hordings reddit Compot. de (4) 11. marc. & 40 s. pro eodem, in the ſauro dimid. mar. debet 10 mar. & 10 s.

Willielmus Morant reddit Comp. de 4 mar. pro dimid. mar. AURI de (4) Fine ſuo ſuperſcripto 40. marc. pro habend. terra ſua.

Ibidem. Somerſet, Dorſo, ſub tit. AURUM REGINAE. Gulielmus Cuſin & Johanna uxor ejus reddunt Compotum de 6. marc. pro eodem, with 2. ſums more.

In Magno Rotulo de Anno undecimo Regis Johannis in Scaccario,Anno 1… Johan. Regis in Scaccario. in Eſſex. & Hertford. (inter alia) continetur ut ſequitur.

AƲRƲM REGINAE.

Caleb de Tama redd.Eſſex. Hertf. Rot. 17. Compotum de 13 m. & di. m. pro eod. In Theſauro 1 m. Et deb. 12 m. & di.

Rad. de Hoſdeng reddit compot. de 10 m. & 10 s. de eod. In Theſaur. di. m. Et deb. 10 m. & 40 d.

Aurum Reginae. Suſſexia, Rot. 1.Henr. de Palerne r. comp. de 4 m. de eod. In Theſ. di. m. Et deb. 3 m. & di.

Dewlebenie de Ciceſtr. r. comp. de 20 s. de eod. In Theſauro 2 s. 6 d. Et deb. 17 s. & 6 d.

Aurum Reginae. Civitas Linc. Rot. 6.Robertus de Archis r. comp. de 2 marc. de eod. In Theſ. di. m. Et deb. 20 s.

Elyas Groſſus r. comp. de 10 s de eod. In Theſ. liberavit. Et quietus eſt.

Benedictus de Cantebr. r. comp. de 10 s. de eod. In Theſ. 5 s. Et deb. 5 s.

Elyas fil. Gentil r. comp. de 1 m. de eod. In Theſ. di. m. Et deb. di. m.

Byenl…rienge Judaeus r. comp. de 6 m. de eod. In Theſ. 2. m. Et deb. 4 m.

In Magno Rotulo de Anno 13 Regis Johannis, An. 13 Johan. Regis in Scac.in Cuſtod. Clerici Pipae, inter alia continetur ut ſequitur.

Aurum Reginae. Bukingham & Bedf. n. 1.Robertus de Albeneio 9 l. pro 1 marc. & di. Auri pro relevio.

Willielmus de Bello Campo, 54 marc. pro 6 m. Auri pro relevio.

Dunecan de Laſcell 6 l. & 4 s. pro un. m. auri. & quant. pertin. ad 20 m. pro relev.

Walter. de Traili 45 m. pro 5m. auri pro eod.

Aurum Reginae. Dorſ. & Sum. merſ. n. 7.Jacobus de Novo Mercato 5 m. & di. Auri de relevio patris ſui, & fratris ſui, & relev. ſuo.

Henr. Luvell 3 m. auri de relev. ſuo.

Willelmus de Curtenai 1. m. & di. auri,Suthampton, n. 16. pro relevio.

Willielmus de Warblinton 45. m. pro 5. m. auri de Auro Reginae.

Galfr. de Luvere debet 4. m. & di. pro Auro Reginae, ſcil. non debet ſummon' quia nihil tenet in capite de Rege.

Oliverus de Punchardin. debet 2. m. pro eod.

p. 13In Magno Rotulo de Anno 14 Regis Johannis in Cuſtod.An 14 Johan Regis in Scac. Clerici Pipae reman. inter alia continetur ut ſequitur.

Aurum Reginae. Suthamt. n. 11.Williellmus de Warblinton debet 45 m. de eod.

Oliver. de Punchardin debet 2. m. de eod.

Aurum Reginae. Bukingham & Bedef. n. 14.Rob. de Albeneio, redd. Comp. de 9 l. de eod. In theſauro 7 l. & 8 d. Et debet 20 s. & 4 d.

Willielm. de Bello Campo, redd. Comp. de 54 m. de eod. In theſaur. 9 l. Et debet 24 l. & di. m.

Duncanus de Laſceles 7 l. & 4 s. de eod.

Walter. de Trailli 45 m. pro eod.

In Magno Rotulo de Anno 17 Regis Johannis, An. 17 Johan. Regis in Scac. Buckingham & Bedeford. n. 2.&c.

Aurum Reginae. Willielmus de Belchamp 24 l. & di. m. de Auro Reginae.

Duncanus de Laſcell 7 l. & 4 s. pro eod.

Walterus de Trailli 45 m. pro eod.

Aurum Reginae.…erchſcir. n. 5 Robertus de Curtenai deb. 4 m. auri, pro Fine de Sutton.

Joſce de Plugen…i deb. 1 m. auri, pro terra matris ſuae.

Aurum Reginae. Devonia, n. 13.Hawiſa de Curtenai 7 m. & di. auri, pro Honor. de Okemanton.

Will. Painell, 2 m. Auri, de Fine ſuo.

It is evident by all our**See Matth. Paris, Matth. Weſtm. Polychron. Holinſhed, Fabian, Polydor Virgil, Speed, Daniel, Grafton, An. 1. & ult. of King John. Historians, that Iſabel daughter of the Earl of Engoliſme married to King John in the firſt year of his reign, (after his divorſe from Hawes the Earl of Gloceſters daughter,) ſurvived him; which being premiſed, I ſhall obſerve from theſe Records in King Johns reign.

1. That this AƲRƲM REGINAE, was claimed and received as a juſt legal Debt and Prerogative to the Queen, in and from the firſt till the laſt year of King Johns reign, by this ſpecial Name and Title.

2ly. That it was ſpecially charged in the Great Rolls in the Pipe Office, and levyed, accounted for in the Kings Exchequer under this very Title of AƲ RƲM REGINAE, in the ſelf-ſame manner, by the ſame Proceſs as the Kings own debts … were levyed and accounted for.

3ly. That … was due, and paid out of all voluntary Fines and compoſitions made or pay… … the King for the reſtitution of lands ſeiſed into his hands, for reliefs, wardſhips, grants of Mariages, Lands, liberties, and for voluntary Fines, ranſoms, amerciaments for offences, miſdemeanors, or pardons of them, and that by Jewes as well as Chriſtians.

4ly. That the proportion of this Duty, was one Mark out of every Fine or Oblation of or above the ſum of 10. Marks.

5ly. That King John (no doubt by his Queens conſent and agreement) challenged and levyed AURUM REGINAE, as a Debt, Duty belonging to himſelf, as well as to his Queen: That he ordered it to be paid into, and accounted for in the Court of Exchequer: where he conſtituted a ſpecial Officer to keep the Rolls thereof, and to demand, levy, receive, and account for it from time to time.

6ly. That he ſomtimes gave ſeveral times for the payment thereof in the Exchequer by equal portions; and that what could not be levyed thereof at one time by one Sheriff, was afterwards levyed and accounted for by another.

p. 147ly. That all the Lands as well as goods, chattels of the perſons from whom it grew due at the time of the Fine or Obiation firſt made, were liable to be extended for it, into whoſe hands ſoever they came by deſcent or grant, without any ſuit at Law, being a Debt due upon Record in the Fine and Pipe Rolls; in the ſame manner that Debts to Jews were levyed by the King when devolved to him.

In the**Rot. Finium An. 17 Johan. Regis. Fine Roll in the Tower, Anno 17. Johan. Regis, m. 4, 5. I find many conſiderable Fines and Oblations made to the King by ſeveral Perſons, Cities, Corporations in Ireland; out of which Aurum Reginae was then due and payd to the Queen in Ireland as well as in England, as the Clauſe Roll of 33 E. 3. …. 17. and other Records aſſure us, though I find no Account thereof in the Pipe Rolls here.

From King John, K. Henry 3.I deſcend to the reign of King Henry the 3d. his Son, who being an**Mat. Paris, Walſingham, Polydor▪ Virgil, Holinſhed, Speed, Daniel, An. 1. & 20 H. 3. infant ſcarce ten years of age when he was crowned King, this Duty of Queen-gold was diſcontinued till his marriage of the Lady Eleanor, ſecond daughter of Raimund Earl of Province in the 20th year of his reign, Anno gratia 1236. when it immediately revived, and veſted in her Majesty, as theſe enſuing Records during his long turbulent reign will inform and reſolve us.

The Red Book in the Kings Remembrancers Office in the Exchequer at Weſtminſter, records, that at the Coronation of this his Queen Eleanor in the twentieth year of his reign at Westminster, one John de Sanford put in his claim to be the Queens Chamberlain, and that by virtue of his Office amongſt other appendants thereunto belonging, he ought to appoint one Clerk in the Exchequer to receive the QƲEENS GOLD, who ought to have 6 d. a day out of this duty for his Salary; which was then deferred, and diſallowed afterwards, as other Records aſſure us. Which claim of his I finde thus certified out of the Red Book by the Barons of the Exchequer into the Court of Chancery, and there exemplified at the requeſt of Albred de Vere Earl of Oxford, Chamberlain to King Richard the ſecond, and inſerted into his Patent, Anno 20 R. 2.

**Pat. 20 R 2. pars 2. m. 23. Ex Lib. Rubr. f. 232. Anno 20 H 3.REX omnibus ad quos, &c. Inſpeximus, &c. Inſpeximus etiam quandam Certificationem nobis in Cancellaria noſtra per Theſaurarium & Barones de Scaccario noſtro, de mandato noſtro miſſam in haec verba. Praetextu Brevis Regii, huic Cedulae conſuti, ſcrutato Rubro Libro penes Scaccarium residente, compertum eſt in eodem, fol. viz. 232. quod Anno viceſimo Regis Henrici filii Johannis, coronata fuit Regina Alienora, filia Hugonis Comitis Provinciae apud Weſtm. ubi continetur inter alia ſic; De praedictis Officiis nullus ſibi jus vendicavit in domo Reginae, excepto G. de Sanford, quia veteri jure Praedeceſſorum ſuorum, dixit, ſe debere eſſe Camerarium Reginae, Cameram & Hoſtium ea die cuſtodire, quod ibi obtinuit; habuit etiam tanquam jus ſuum totum lectum Reginae et Baſtines, et alia quae ſpetant ad Cameram. Vendicavit etiam ſe debere unum Clericum in Scaccario ad exrigendum AƲRƲM REGINAE, qui percipiet (ut dicitur) depraedicto AƲRO qualibet die ſe… denarios pro liberatione, ſet fuit dilatum. Nos autem Tranſcripta & Certificationem praedicta ad requiſitionem dilecti Conſanguinei noſtri Albredi de Veer nunc Comitis Oxon. …enore praeſentium duximus Exemplificanda. In cujus, &c. Teſte Rege apud Weſtm. quinto die Februarii. Inſteed of his Clerk.

p. 15REX (5) aſſignavit Laurentium de Caſtellis ad recipiendum et cuſtodiendum AƲRƲM REGINAE ad magnum Scaccarium Regis,Clauſ. 20 H 3. m. 13. De Laurentio de Caſtellis aſſig. ad recipiend. Aurum Reginae. ad reſpondendum inde per manum ſuam. Et mandatum eſt Juſticiariis, ad cuſtodiam Iudaeorum aſſignatis; Quod AƲRƲM quod ipſam REGINAM continget ad Scaccarium Iudaeorum, ei faciat liberari, ad reſpondendum inde ſicut praedictum eſt. Teſte Rege apud Mortelak 13 die Maii.

REX Baronibus de Scaccario.Trin. 20 H 3. in Scac. Mandamus vobis, quatinus quotiens ſummoneri feceritis debita noſtra ad Scaccarium (5) ſummoneri faciatis AƲ RƲM REGINAE noſtrae, & liberari Laurentio de Caſtell. quem ad Aurum praeditum recipiendum & cuſtodiendum aſſignavimus. Teſte meipſo apud Wynton. 11 die Junii, Anno regni noſtri viceſimo.

HErveius de Baggot 50… marc.Plac. Mich. 22 H 3. rot. 6 in fine. in Offic. R. in Scac. pro AƲRO REGINAE de fine 500. mar. de quibus (4) finem fecit, pro habenda haereditate ſua.

REX Baronibus,De Term. S. Hill. an. 22 H. 3. rot. 6. in Scac. in Offic. Remem. D. Regis. Pro Herveio de Stafford de Auro Reginae. &c. Sciatis, quod conceſſimus Herveio de Stafford, quod de 50 Marc. quas nobis debet pro Auro Reginae de fine Quingentarum Marcarum, per quas finem fecit nobiſcum (4) pro dabenda haereditate ſua non obſtante eo quod infra aetatem eſt; Reddat nobis ad feſtum Sancti Michaelis anno regni noſtri 21. Centum ſolidos; & ad Paſch. anno regni noſtri 22. Centum ſolidos; & ad feſtum Sancti Michaelis anno eodem Centum ſolidos; & ad Paſch. anno 23. Centum ſolidos; & ad feſtum Sancti Michaelis decem Marcas; & ad Paſch. anno regni noſtri 24. decem Marcas. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod ſic fieri, &c. Teſte meipſo apud Notingh. 11 die Septembris. a. r. n. 21.

REX conceſſit Johannae, Fines 26 H 3. m. 11. Finis Johannae quae fuit uxor Hugonis Wake, in Turri London.quae fuit uxor Hugonis Wake, (4) Cuſtodiam omnium Terrarum, quae ſunt praedicti Hugonis, quondam viri ſui; Habendam ſibi vel cuicunque aſſignare voluerit, uſque ad legitimam aetatem Haeredum praedicti Hugonis, una cum Maritagio eorundem Haeredum; & quod eadem Johanna libere et ſine impedimento (4) maritare ſe poſſit cui voluit, dummodo ſit ad fidem Regis, pro novem milibus Marcis, per quas finem fecit cum Rege, ad opus Regis; et pro mille Marcis pro AƲRO REGINAE: De quibus decem millibus Marcis reddet Regi per annum Septingentas Marcas, viz. Ad Scaccarium Paſchae 350 Marc. & ad Scaccarium Sancti Michaelis 350 Marc. donec totum Debitum praedictum Regi perſolvatur. Ita quidem, quod ſi praedicta Johanna defecerit in ſolutione primi Termini, ſive ſecundi, ſive tertii, ſive quarti, Vicecomites Regis, in quorum ballivis praedicta Johanna terras habet, (5) faciant de Terris et Catallis ſuis ad ſingulos Terminos non obſervatos 350 Marc. ad opus Regis, et pro Regina. Et ſi defecerit in ſolutione quinti Termini vel alicujus Termini ſubſequentis, antequam praedictum Debitum Regis perſolvatur; quicquid eadem Johanna vel Aſſignati ſui ſolverint de Debito praedicto pro non ſoluto habeatur, & penitus ei amittatur, & ad haeredes ſuos reddatur cuſtodia terrarum praedictarum, cum Maritagiis praedictis; Rex etiam conceſſit, quod de 20 l. quas praedictus Hugo quondam vir ſuus reddere conſuevit ad Scaccarium per annum pro debito Nicholai de Stutevill patris praedictae Johannae nichil ſolvatur, antequam de praedictis 10 mill. Marcis Regi fuerit ſatisfactum, vel quouſque defecerit in ſolutione finis praedicti ſicut praedictum p. 16eſt; & ſoluto fine illo in forma praedicta extunc incipiat praedicta Johanna reddere ad Scaccarium 20 l. per annum pro debitis praedicti Nicholai patris ſui eodem modo quo praedictus Hugo illas reddere conſuevit. Teſte Rege apud Weſtm. 2. die Jan.

QUia Abbas de Rupe unus Executorum Teſtamenti Willielmi de Percy manucepit,Fines 29 H 3. m. 9. in Turri Lond. Pro executoribus Willielmi de Percy. quod ipſe ſolvet in Quindena Aſſumptionis beatae Mariae in Garderob. 50 l. quas idem Willielmus Regi debuit pro (4) relevio ſuo, & 30 l. quas debuit pro Auxilio Regi conceſſo, ad primogenitam filiam Regis maritandam, et (4) 100 ſolidos pro AURO REGINAE; Mandatum eſt Roberto de Crepping, quod permittat ipſos Executores habere liberam Adminiſtrationem de omnibus bonis & catallis quae fuerunt ipſius Willielmi, ad executionem Teſtamenti ſui faciendam. Teſte Rege apud Wygorn. 2. die Auguſti.

MAndatum eſt Roberto de Crepping, Fines 29 H. 3. m. 4. in Turri Lond. De inſtauro de debitis Regis retinendo.quod de inſtauro quod fuit ipſius Willielmi, retineat ad opus Regis, ad valentiam debiti quod idem Willielmus debuit, videlicet 80 libras. et 100 ſol. pro Auro Reginae, per idem pretium ad quod alii caperent praedictum inſtaurum, & non per aliud. Et cum praedictum inſtaurum ceperit, Rex ſignificet quantum retinuerit, & ad quod pretium. Teſte Rege apud Ceſtr. 15 die Auguſti.

MAndatum eſt W. de Haverhull. Clauſ. 29 H. 3. m. 10. in Turri London. De Auro Reginae recipiend. & cuſtodiend.Theſaurario Regis, quod AƲRƲM REGINAE, quod Johannes Francigena recipere conſuevit, (5) de caetero in manum ſuam recipiat: Ita quod idem Johannes in nullo inde ſe intromittat: Et AƲRƲM illud ſicut illud receperit ponat ſeorſum ſeparatim a Theſauro Regis; ita quod inde Rex poſſit reſponderi. Teſte meipſo apud Wyndleſor, 28 die April. Anno regni noſtri 29.

Et mandatum eſt eidem Johanni, quod de (5) Auro illo de caetero non intromittat. Teſte ut ſupra.

Poſtea revocata erant illa duo brevia.

MAndatum eſt Alano la Zuſch. Clauſ. 35 H 3 m. 13. in Turri Lond. Pro reſpect… pro Communitates de Com. Ceſtr.Juſticiario Ceſtriae, quod demandam quam facit Communitati … Comitatus Ceſtriae de Miſericordia quam inciderunt coram Rege, Quia non habuit Recordum Loquelae quae fuit coram ipſo inter Willielmum de Condray & Caeciliam uxorem ejus, & Abbatem de Deulacreſſe coram Rege, ſicut praecepit. Et demanda quae eidem communicata fit de veniendo extra Comitatum Ceſtriae coram G. de Langel. & ſociis ejus Juſtitiariis Foreſtae pro tranſgreſſione Foreſtae extra Comitatum Ceſtriae. Et ſimiliter demand… quam eidem Communitati facit pro AURO REGINAE, (5) ponat in reſpectum uſque ad Quindenam Paſch. proximo futuram. Et quod de caetero non exigat, vel exigi permittat ab hominibus ejuſdem Comitatus, niſi tantum unum bovem pro diſſeiſina: & hoc ſolummodo de principali diſſeiſiatore. Et ſi homines & amerciamenta ejuſdem Comitatus pro aliquo forisfacto capiantur, eos ſine redemptione replegiari faciatis; Niſi capti ſint homines illi per ſpeciale praeceptum Regis, vel pro morte hominis, vel pro aliquo alio Retto, quare de jure non ſint replegiabiles. Teſte Rege apud Westm. 14 die Maii. Pro J. de Lexinton.

p. 17REX bult,Cl▪ 37 H. 3. m. 17. in Turri London. De Auro Reginae cuſtodiendo. quod Johannes Franciſcus (5) curam capiat de AƲRO REGINAE ad Scaccarium ſuum ſicut capere conſuevit. Et mand. eſt Philippo Luvel, quod cuſtodiam ei liberet. Et mandavit quod ipſam recipiat cuſtodiendam, ſicut praedictum eſt. Teſte Rege apud Windeſor. 18 die Februarii.

Per ipſum Regem.

Inter Communia in the 20th year of Henry the 3d.De Term. S. Hil. Anno 20 H. 3. in Offic. Rem. Scac. (omitted caſually in its proper ſeries) Sciatis, quod Walterus de Bello Campo finem fecit nobiſcum per 50. Marc. et AƲRƲM REGINAE NOSTRAE ſi dare deberet (4) pro gratia noſtra recuperanda, et rehabenda cuſtodiam Com. Wygorn. &c.

REX Mand. Baronibus,De Term. S. Hil. 39 H. 3. Rot. 7. Scac. in Offic. Rememo Regis. Pro Rege de O…icio commiſſa. quod cum (5) Regina deputaberit Robertum de Thaury Clericum ſuum ad colligendum AURUM SUUM, & eadem Regina habeat Cuſtodiam terrarum Baldewini de Inſula, vult & mandat quod officium Camerar. quod Thom. Eſpurun tenet in Scaccario, et ad ipſam Reginam pertinet ratione praedictae Cuſtodiae, liberari faciant propter ſumptus vitandos praedicto Roberto, qui de utroque officio ſervire poterit: Et ipſum Thom. Contrarotular. receptae Scacarii cuſtodire fac. ſicut prius facere conſuevit.

Et Regina ſimiliter mandat,Com. de Ter. S. Trin. An. 39 H. 3 rot. 15. Leiceſtr. in Offic. Rem. Regis. quod ex quo hoc placet Domino Regi, quod Barones ſecundum Mandatum Domini Regis in dicto officio ipſum Robertum admittant. Breve eſt in for. Mareſc.

PRaeceptum eſt Vic. Leye. quod ingrediatur libertatem Com. Leiceſtr. & (5) diſtringat Willielmum de Quevill pro AURO REGINAE, quam nuper ei abſtulimus pro Tranſgreſſione ſua.

PRaeceptum fuit Vic. London. Trin. 39 H 3. rot. 15. Ex parte Remem. Regis. Lond. de Aur. Reginae pro Civibus London.quod (5) diſtringerent Cives London. pro AƲ RO REGINAE, ita quod habeant denarios coram Baron. die Lunae prox. ante feſtum S. Barnabe Apoſtoli. Quo die dicti Vic. venerunt coram Baronibus, & cum requiſit. eſſet ab eis, an dictos denarios haberent? dixerunt, quod non: ſed quod vadia dictorum Civium ceperint, et penes ſe habuerunt, ſed non invenerunt qui ipſa emerent.**Term. S. Michaelis, An. 40 H 3. rot. 3. ex parte Remem. Regis in Scac. Poſtea injunctum fuit eis, quod ipſa vadia afferrent coram Baronibus die Martis ſequent. qua die venerunt et dixerunt, quod fere mille homines de Civitate reſtiterunt eis, et non permiſerunt dicta vadia aſportare; Et cum quaereretur ab eiſdem Vic. qui eſſent illi impeditores? dixerunt, quod plures Draperii, Aurifabri, Speciar. Cordewinarum, & alii Miniſtri de Civitate, ſed nullum nomen exquirere voluerunt. Ideo liberati fuerunt dicti Vic. Mareſcallo.

REX mandavit Bar. quod ad (3) inſtantiam Reginae,De Term. S. Mich. an 40 H. 3▪ in eodem Offic. Pro Civibus London de Auro Reginae. Breve venit die Merc. prox. ante ſeſtum …. Edmundi de Civitate liberanda, replegiavit Majori & Communitati London. uſque ad Octab. Sancti Hillarii proxim. futur. Civitatem London. quam capi fecerat in manum ſuam pro (5) Auro praedictae Reginae quod à praedictis Majore & Communitate exigitur: Ita quidem, quod niſi interim ſatisfaciant eidem Reginae pro AVRO SVO, Cibitas illa extunc ſit in manu ſua in ſtatu in quo tunc fuit. Et quod Civitatem praedictam eis reſtituant ſicut praedictum eſt, cum omnibus inde perceptis à tempore captionis ejuſdem Civitatis. Breve eſt in For. Mar. Eodem die liberavit Dominus P. Lovell qui habuit Cuſtodiam ejuſdem Civitatis Majori & Ballivis London. 15 l. 9 s. 5 d. ob. de exitibus ejuſdem Civitatis.

p. 18MEmorand.Ibidem, Ter- min. S. Mich. an. 40 H 3. rot. 7. dorſo. coram Baronibus Pro Philippo Beſſet. quod Robertus de Thaury (5) Clericus Dominae Reginae venit coram Baron. & recognovit, quod Philippus Baſſet ſatisfecit eidem Dominae Reginae de Centum Marcis quas ei debuit pro AURO SUO, de fine mille Marcarum quem idem Philippus fecerat cum Domino Rege (4) pro habenda Cuſtodia filii et Haeredis Richardi de Riperiis, et de una Marca quam debuit pro eodem Oe fine decem marcarum quam fecerat cum Domino Rege (4) pro habenda Wclarrenna: et de 4. Marc. de fine quatuor marcarum Auri, (4) pro habenda cuſtodia.

REgina mand.De Termino Paſch. an. 40 H. 3. rot. 15. in Offic. Rem. Regis in Sca. Pro Johanne de Rameſey Canonico S. Pauli London. Roberto de Thaurey Archid. Bathon. Clerico ſuo, quod relaxavit Johanni de Romeſy Canonico Sancti Pauli London. tertiam partem 50 Marcarum quas ab eo & Petro Capello quondam W. Arch. Eborum, & Willielmo de Bromham Vicar. de Merton. in Epiſcopatu Dunolm. Executoribus quondam Richardi Dunolm. Epiſcopi pro Auro ſuo de Quingentis Marcis quas dederant Domino Regi pro quodam fine quam fecerunt (4) ad habend plenam adminiſtrationem bonorum quae fuerunt ejuſdem Epiſcopi. Et vult, quod reſiduum illarum 50 Marcarum dempta tertia parte, ut praedictum eſt, de praedictis Petro & Willielmo Coexecutoribus praedicti J. plenè recuperetur, & de illa tertia parte praedicto J. nullam de caetero faciat executionem. Breve eſt in Cuſtodia praedicti Roberti.

REX Theſ. Hiberniae, ſalutem.Pat. 52 H. 3. m. 25. in Turri London▪ Pro Alianor. Conſorti E. filii Regis. Cum Edwardus primogenitus noſter terram Hiberniae, cum omnibus pertinentiis ſuis habeat et teneat de dono noſtro adeò liberè & quietè ſicut eam in manu noſtra tenuerimus, per quod kariſſima filia noſtra Alienora Conſors dicti filii noſtri AURUM SUUM tam de (4) finibus quam ſponte oblatis in terra (1) Hiberniae habere debet, ſicut kariſſima Conſors noſtra Alienora Regina Angliae (1) AURUM SUUM habet de eiſdem in regno noſtro Angliae. Vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes, quatenus praefatae Conſorti filii noſtri praedicti AURUM prtediaum de Finibus et ſponte oblatis, et eciam de quibuſcunque aliis finibus praedictis habere facias in forma praedita. Et hoc nullo modo omittatis. In cujus, &c.

ELianora Dei Gratia Regina Angliae, Term. Trin. An. 56 H. 3. rot 8. De Cuſtode Auri Reginae, in Offic. Rem. Regis in Scac.Domina Hiberniae, & Duciſſa Aquitaniae, dilectis ſibi Philippo de Ey, Domini Regis Theſaurario & Baronibus ejuſdem Domini Regis de Scaccario, ſalutem, & dilectionem. Sciatis, quod aſſignavimus dilectum Clericum noſtrum Johannem de Whitebergh Collectorem et Cuſtodem AƲRI NOSTRI, quamdiu nobis placuerit. Et ideo vobis rogamus, quatinus eundem Johannem in officio ſuo informetis, et conſiium et juvamen ei prout nobis expedire videritis, impendatis. Ita quod vos regratiari ſpecialiter teneamur; Valete. Datum apud Guldeford 30 die Junii, anno regni Regis H. Domini noſtri 56.

From theſe Records of King Henry the 3d. I ſhall obſerve;

1. That King Henry the 3. himſelf (not the Queens Chamberlain, who claimed this priviledge as an appendant due to his office) at firſt appointed the Receiver and Keeper of the Queens gold, both in his own Grand Exchequer, and in the Exchequer of the Jewes; no doubt by his Queens conſent and agreement. And that the Queen her ſelf by her own Letters Patents in the latter p. 19end of his reign, appointed her own Clerk to receive it, without the King.

2ly. That Aurum Reginae was then due and payd to the Queen, as well out of the Oblations and Fines of Jewes as Chriſtians.

3ly. That Queen-gold was then due out of Fines made to the King for the Cuſtody of the Lands and bodies of Wards; For Licenſes for Wards, and the Kings Widdows to marry at their pleaſure to any that were loyal to the King: For grants of Warrens, reſtitution of Lands, Liberties, Counties ſeiſed: For licenſes to Executors to have full adminiſtration of the goods of their Teſtators who were Tenants to the King, or endebted to him, to perform their wills.

4ly. That the ordinary proportion of Queen-gold in King Henries reign, was only one Mark to the Queen for every ten Marks to the King; yet in the caſe of Jone Wake, the Queen had one thouſand Marks for the Kings nine thouſand.

6ly. That the King himſelf ſometimes appointed when and how the whole Ten thouſand Marks, as well that due to Queen, as to himſelf, ſhould be paid at ſeveral payments into the Exchequer, and that by expreſſe agreement when the Fine was made.

6ly. That the Queens gold was to be levyed by the Kings proceſſe iſſued to the Sheriffs, in the ſame manner as the Kings Fine was. And that the Sheriffs of London were impriſoned by the Barons, and the Liberties of the City ſeiſed into the Kings hands for their neglect in not levying it, and for the Citizens riot and reſcous of thoſe pawnes they had given for it.

7ly. That all the Lands and goods of the parties that made the Fines which they had at the time of the Fines made, were to be extended for the Queens gold, as well as for the Kings Fines: And that if the party failed of the laſt payment of the Kings Fine, he was to loſe all that was payd, and the Cuſtody of the Wards lands and body too for which it was payd.

8ly. That Aurum Reginae was due to the Queen out of all voluntary Oblations and Fines made to the King in Ireland, as well as in England: And that by King Henry his ſpecial grant of the Land of Ireland to his son and Heir Prince Edward, in as free and ample manner as himſelf enjoyed it; the Queen-gold there became due to the Princes wife by his ſpecial Patent to her.

Edward 1.I ſhall next preſent you with ſuch Records concerning QUEEN-GOLD, as I have found and peruſed in the Tower and Court of Exchequer during the reign of King Edward the 1.

John de Waterele Keeper of the Aurum Reginae accruing to Queen Eleanor wife to King Henry the 3d, and Mother to King Edward the 1. exacting this Duty in the Court of Exchequer after King Henries death from thoſe who granted him the 20^th part of their goods in his life-time towards the relief of the Holy Land, and likewiſe out of the Tallages laſt aſſeſſed on the Kings Lands and Tenants throughout England, to their great grievance, upon complaint thereof to King Edward the 1. his Counſil (he being then abſent in the Holy Land) in the firſt year of his reign, ſome of them came perſonally into the Court of Exchequer, and there openly prohibited Waterele from thenceforth to exact or receive any Gold from any upon theſe occaſions; as this Record and Memorandum in the Office of the Kings Remembrancer in the Exchequer informs us.

p. 20MEmorandum,Inter Com. de Term. S. Hil. an. Regis E. 1. rot. 4. in dorſo, ex parte Remem. Regis De Aur. Reginae inhibito per Conſil. Regis. quod die Lunae prox. ante feſtum Converſionis Sancti Pauli vener. ad Scaccarium W. Eborum Archiepiſcopus, Rogerus de Mortuo mari, Robertus Burnel, & quidam alii de Conſilio Regis, et inhibuerunt (5) Johanni de Waterele Cuſtodi AƲRI Alienorae Reginae matris Regis Edwardi (4) ne de caetero exigat ſeu capiat ab aliquo AƲRƲM ad opus ejuſdem Reginae occaſione viceſimae praedicto Regi conceſſae tempo…e H. Regis patris ſui in Subſid. terrae ſanctae, nec etiam occaſione Tallagii ultimo aſſeſſ. per Angl. ſuper Dominica Regis praedicti.

In the 3d year of King Edward the 1. Nicholas de Ely Biſhop of Wincheſter being proſecuted in the Kings Exchequer for Queen-gold by Queen Eleanors Clerk for a Debt of 2229 l. 13 s.1 d. due to King Henry the 3d her husband by John Gernſey his predeceſſor for the corn and ſtock of the ſaid Biſhoprick, which he bought of the King; upon the Kings command to the Treaſurer and Barons deliverd to them by word of mouth in the Exchequer, they diſcharged him from the payment of the ſaid Gold by authority of the Kings command, whether out of meer grace to the Biſhop, or becauſe the ſucceſſor Biſhop was not obliged by this contract of his predeceſſor for this ſtock and corn, devolved to the predeceſſors Executors, or to the King by his deceaſe: Or becauſe no Aurum Reginae was due in ſtrictneſſe of Law upon this bargain or emption, appears not by the Record thereof, entred in theſe words.

MEmorand.Inter Com. de Term. Paſch. Anno 3 E 1. rot. 9. in dorſo in Offic. Rem. Regis in Scac. Pro Epiſcopo Winton. de Auro Reginae. quod die Lunae proxim. poſt Feſtum Sanctorum Nerei & Achillei, venit Walterus de Heleni ad Scaccarium, & dixit Theſ. & Baron. ex parte D. Regis, quod in proximo adventu Nicholai Epiſcopi (Wint.) ad idem Scaccarium abſolverent eundem Epiſcopum de AVRO quod exigitur ab eo ad oPUS Dominae Reginae matris Domini Regis de 2229 l. 3 s. 1 d. in quibus Johannes quondam Wynton. Epiſcopus Regi H. tenebatur (4) pro emptione bladi et inſtauri dicti Epiſcopatus. Poſtea venit idem Epiſcopus ad Scaccarium praedictum, et auctoritate mand. praedict. abſolutus eſt de AVRO praedicto.

Eleanor firſt Queen Conſort to King Edward the 1. in the 3d. year of his reign conſtituted Walter Kent Receiver and keeper of her gold in the Kings Exchequer; whereupon ſhe ſent this Letter to the Barons, to admit him to this Office without any difficulty, and to adviſe and aſſiſt him therein when need ſhould require, as Eleanor wife to H. 3. had done**Here, p. 18. before her.

CUM dilecto & fideli Waltero de Cantia Clerico noſtro,Term. S. Hil. An. 3 E. 1. in Offic. Rem. Regis in Scac. See Mr. Hackwils Treatiſe of Queen gold, MS. terrarum & tenementorum noſtrorum in Anglia, et Auri noſtri commiſerimus cuſtodiam et exitus inde recipiend. & de eiſdem ordinand. et diſponend. prout nobis viderit expedire, ac quaedam dictam cuſtodiam tangentia exiſtant, quae per vos cautiorem ſortire valeant effectum: per quod vos rogamus affectuoſè, quatinus dictum Walterum ad cuſtodiam Auri praedicti noſtro nomine faciend. ſine aliquo diffugio recipiatis, & eidem in Ofeficio praedito & aliis negotiis noſtris coram vobis expediend. (quociens opus fuerit) conſulentes eſſe velitis, & auxiliantes, precibus noſtris & amore. Dat. apud Woodſtock 26 die Decembris, Anno regni Domini noſtri Edwardi tertio.

p. 21Anno 4 E. 1. Queen Eleanor aſſigned Benett of Wynton a Jew, to keep her Gold, and diſpatch her other buſineſſe in the Exchequer (for the Jews) as other Jews had alwayes accuſtomed to do, as appears by this Mandate of the King to the Barons to admit him to this office.

CUM kariſſima Conſors Alienora Regina Angliae (5) aſſignaverit Benettum de Wynton. De Term. S. Trin an.4 E 1. in Offic. Rem. Regis in Scac. Baron. pro Alienora Conſorte Regis.Judaeum, ad Aurum ipſius Conſortis Cuſtod. & ad alia negotia ipſam contingentia exequend. prout alii Judaei ſemper hactenus facere conſueverunt, Rex mand. eiſdem, quod praefat. Benettum ad hoc admittant in forma praedita. Teſte, &c.

This year there ariſing ſome new Controverſies and doubts out of what Oblations QUEEN-GOLD ought to be paid,Ibid. Baron. Pro Auro Reginae. the King and his Counſil made theſe reſolutions therein, which they ſent to the Barons of the Exchequer to be firmly obſerved.

REX mand. eiſdem quandam Cedulam coram ſe et Conſilio ſuo ſuper AƲ RO REGINAE proviſo o…dinatam praeſentibus intercluſam. Mandantes eiſdem, quod (4) ea quae ſuper hoc proviſa ſunt et ordinata de caetero firmiter ſervari faciant, &c.

BAronibus,Inter Communia Trin. 4 E 1. rot. 8. in dorſo. De Proviſione Auri Reginae. &c. ſalutem. Mittimus vobis quandam Scedulam coram nobis & Conſilio noſtro ſuper Auro Reginae proviſo ordinatam, praeſentibus intercluſam; Vobis madantes, quod ea quae ſuper hoc proviſa ſunt, & ordinata de caetero firmiter obſervari faciatis. Teſte, &c. apud Weſtm. 9 die Julii.

**Which I find not now extant in the Rolls, but in Mr. Hackwils Treatiſe of Queen-gold.Tenor illius Scedulae talis eſt:

De (4) donis quae ſpontanea voluntate donato…uis ex gratia conferuntur, et contingat quod aliquis de dono proprio finem faciat, non habebit Regina Aurum. Si vero Papa conferat Decimam▪ vel conſt…ilem gratiam Domino Regi, et faciant inde finem; vel ſiquis finem pro hujuſmodi Decima, vel Quintadecima vel Viceſima alicujus Communitatis ſeu patriae, ſeu pro donis aliorum quam pro ſui ipſius, ibi fiat ſicut fieri debet.

An. 5 E. 1. The Officers of Eleanor Queen Conſort to King Henry the 3d. and mother of King Edward, exacting Queen-gold from the Barons of the Cinque Ports, for their free, courteous gift of the 20th part of their goods to King Henry his Father, by proceſſe iſſued out of the Court of Exchequer, againſt the King and Counſils reſolution the year before, contrary to all equity and right; the King thereupon iſſued this Mandate to the Barons to diſcharge them thereof.

QVia (4) aequitati diſſonum fore reputat Rex,Term. S. Mich. an. 5 E 1. rot. 3. in Offic. Remem. Scac. Baronibus Scaccarii pro Baronibus Quinque Portuum. quod Barones Duinque Po…tuum pro curialitate, quam Domino Henrico Regi fecerant de miceſima bono…um ſuo…um eidem Patri gratis concedenda, et praeſtanda, diſtringantur ad AURUM REGINAE Angliae Matri Regis praeſtandum occaſione miceſimae praedictae. Rex mandat eiſdem Baronibus, quod Barones quinque Po… tuum praedictos de pecunia, quae ab iis erigitur per ſummonitionem Scaccarii pro AURO praedicto occaſione praediatae Miceſimae quietos eſſe faciant. Teſte, &c.

p. 22REX Baro…bus ſuis de Scaccario ſuo Dublin. ſalutem.Ex Rot. Liberate an. 7 E 1. m 5. in Turri London. De Magiſtr. Thoma de Cheddeworth. Allocate Magiſtro Thomae de Cheddeworth nuper Cuſtodi noſtro Archiepiſcopatus Dubl. in compoto ſuo ad Scaccarium praedictum triginta & unam libras quas per praeceptum noſtrum liberavit Willielmo de Walleye Auditori compoti ejuſdem Archiepi…copatus, et (5) AURI Conſoztis noſtrae, &c. Teſte meipſo apud Weſtm. 6 die Julii, anno r.n. 7. By which it appears that Queen-gold was then payd to the Queen in Ireland, where ſhe had an Officer to receive and account for it.)

In the Roll of Vaſconie, Anno 8 E 1. I found this Record, which hath ſome Analogie to Queen-gold in England; that the wives of all the Lords of Agen for the time being, had a certain Annual ſumme paid unto them over and above the Lords rent and fine, out of all Bayliwicks of that land ſold or let to farm; which the King by this Writ commanded his Steward and Receiver of the Dutchy of Aquitain to pay to his Royal Conſort Eleanor Queen of England and Dutcheſſe of Aquitain, in as ample proportion as Jone Counteſſe of Poictiers and Tholouſe in the time of her Husband, whiles the lands were in his hands, and afterwards the Queen of France enjoyed it, when in the hands of the Kings of France, that ſo ſhe might not be in a worſe condition than this Counteſs, being a Queen and Dutcheſſe too.

REX Seneſcallo ſuo in Ducatu Aquitanniae, Rot. Vaſconiae, an. 8 E 1. m. 8. n. …0. in Turri Lond. Pro Regina Angl Conſorte Regis.vel Receptori ſuo in terra Agenenſi, ſalutem. Cum er antiqua conſuetudine Cro…es Domino…um Agen. qui pro tempo…e fuerunt, de ſingulis Ballibis illius Terrae benditis, ſeu ad fir mam traditis, ab illis, qui eaſdem Ballibas emunt, belad firmam recipiunt, annis ſingulis certam habuerunt quantitatem pecuniae. Nos nolentes, quod kariſſima Conſo…s noſtra A. Dei gratia Regina Angliae, Domina Hiberniae, et Duciſſa Aquitaniae deteriozis conditionis eriſtat quam fuerunt Crores Domino…um Agenen. tempo…ibus retroactis, ſet potius (ſt fieri poſſit) meliozis; Hobis mandamus, quod diotae Canſo…ti noſtrae, bel ejus Mandato be ſingulis Ball bis, a tempo…e quo dida Terra ad manum noſtram debenit, benditis, bel ad firmam traditis, ſeu benditis impoſterum, aut tradenois, tantum, quantum Johanna (quondam Comitiſſa Pictaven. et Tholeſena) tempo…e biriſui, et poſtmodum illuſtris Reginae Franciae, tempo…e quo ipſa terra fuit in manu Domini Regis Franciae, biri ſui, conſueberunt percipere et babere, faciatis annis ſingulis reſtitui. Teſte Rege apud Weſtm. 5 die Julii.

REX Theſ. & Baronibus ſuis de Scaccario, ſalute….Ex Rot. Fin. de an. 13 E 1. m. … in Turri London. De Bo…eſey, de Crikelade, Jud…o. Cum nuper ſexto die Januarii, anno regni noſtri decimo conceſſerimus Bonefey de Crekelade Judaeo, quod de illis viginti & quinque libris, treſdecim ſolidis, & ſex denariis per quos (4) finem fecit nobiſcum pro tranſgreſſione monetae, ſolveret nobis per annum ad Scarcarium noſtrum quadraginta ſolidos ad duos anni terminos, donec praedicta pecunia nobis plenè ſolveretur; Aetdem Judaeus in (5) priſona noſtra detineatur pro AURO kariſſimae Conſo…tis noſtrae Alienorae Reginae Angliae, per quod pecuniam illam ſolvere non poteſt, ut accepimus: Nos eidem Judaeo gratiam facere volentes uberiorem, conceſſimus eidem Judaeo; quod de praedictis viginti & quinque libris treſdecim ſolidis & ſex denariis, ſolvat nobis per annum ad Scaccarium noſtrum viginti ſolidos, unam videlicet medietatem ad p. 23Scaccarium noſtrum Sancti Michaelis proximo futur. & aliam medietatem ad Scaccarium noſtrum Paſchae proximo ſequens, & ſic de anno in annum ad eoſdem terminos viginti ſolidos, donec pecunia praedicta nobis plenè ſolvatur. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod eidem Judaeo terminos illos habere, & ſic fieri & irrotulari fac. T. R. apud Weſtm. 20 die Inn.

QUia Rex conceſſit kariſſimae Conſorti ſuae A. Reginae Angliae omnes exitus finium,Mich. 13 E 1. finiente, rot. 13. dorſo. in Offic. R. in Scac. Baronibus pro A. Regina Angliae, Conſort Regis. amerciamentorum, catallorum fugitivorum, & dampnatorum, & al…orum quorumcunque de Hundredo de Gattre in manu ipſius Conſortis Regis ex conceſſione Domini H. Regis exiſtente provenientes, de ultimo Itinere Juſtic. in Com. Leyc. Rex mand. Baron. quod exitus illos per extract. Scaccar. levari, & Iohanni de Berewyke (5) Cuſtodi Auri ejuſdem Reginae ad opus ejuſdem Reginae liberari fac.

That the Queen Debts of AURUM REGINAE, and other Debts belonging to her by antient and approved Cuſtome, were by her Prerogative to be received and levyed before all other Creditors Debts, in the ſame manner, and by like Proceſſe as the Kings debts were, this memorable Writ in the 14 year of King Edward 1. will aſſure us.

EDwardus Dei Gratia Angliae Rex,An. 14 E 1. 24 Maii, printed in Chriſtopher Vernons Conſiderations f…r regulating the Exchequer Lond. 1642. p. 52, 53. Dominus Hiberniae, & Dux Aquitaniae, Vic. Norff. & Suff. ſalutem. Cum ſecundum antiquam conſuetudinem approbatam, et badenus optentam, idem modus in debitis Reginarum Ieban dis et reddendis qui et in noſtris ſer bari debeat, ac debita noſtra jurta eandem conſuetudinem a debito…. noſtris ſunt lebanda et nobis reddenda, antequam quibuſcunque Credito…ibus eo…undem de debitis ſuis ſatiofiat. Cumque Willielmus de Huntingfeld chariſſimae ma…ri noſtrae Alianorae Reginae Angliae in 32 l. teneatur, prout nobis conſtat per inſpect. Rotulorum de Scaccario noſtro; Idemque Willielmus teneatur quampluribus in diverſis pecuniarum ſummis prout tu retornaſti coram Baronibus in Craſtino clauſ. Paſchae prox. praeterit. bolentes ipſam matrem noſtram praerogatiba praeced. quoad debita ſua lebanda ſicut aliae Reginae Angl. eadem in caſu conſimili ſint gabiſae; Tibi praecipimus, quod de benis et catallis, (5) et de epit. terrarum ipſius Willielmi in Balliba tua fieri facias praediatum 32 l. antequam debita quo…undam credito…um ſttorum lebentur. Item quod eas habeas ad idem Scaccarium noſtrum apud Weſtmonaſterium a die Sandae Trinitatis in 15. dies Waltero de Caſtello (5) Cuſtodi AURI ejuſdem liberand. Et…hoc Breve. Teſte, &c. Per Rotul. memor. Anno 54 H. 3.

What ſums for Aurum Reginae the Queen Conſorts Receiver of this duty this year received for Fines and forfoitures of the Iewes, this Record will demonſtrate.

REX Omnibus ad quos,Rot. Pat. 14 E. 1. m. 6. in Turri London. Pro Willielmo Johannis. &c. ſalutem. Sciatis, quod Willielmus Iohannis liberavit dilecto Clerico noſtro Iohanni de Berewyk (5) Cuſtodi AURI kariſſimae Conſotis noſtrae Aliaenorae Reginae Angl. quadringentas libras, ducentas videlicet libras de (4) bonis & catall. Judaeorum dampnatorum concelatis & nobis forisfactis, & alias ducentas libras per quas nuper (4) finem fecit nobiſcum coram dilectis & fidelibus noſtris Salomone de Roffa & ſociis ſuis ad inquiſiciones p. 24de hujuſmodi bonis & catallis faciendas aſſignatis, (4) pro tranſgreſſione quam fecit concelando bona et catalla praedicta. De quibus quidem quadringentis libris praefatum Willielmum tenore praeſencium quietamus. In cujus, &c. Teſte Rege apud Camnel, 8 die Decembr.

I find by a general Entry in the Great Roll in the Pipe Office in the Exchequer, that Iohn de Berewyk keeper of Queen Alianors Wardrobe, and receiver of her Queen-gold, rendred an Account of 2875 l. 10 s. q. received for this Duty from the feaſt of St. Hillary in the 14th, to the feaſt of St. Michael, Anno 17 E 1. the particular Account whereof I cannot yet diſcover, after much ſearch for it, in the Exchequer Treaſuries and Records.

Compotus Johannis de Berewyk Cuſtod. Garderobae Alianorae Reginae Angliae Conſort. Regis, In Mag. Rot. in Offic. Pipae in Scac. anno▪ 26 E 1.de denar. receptis de AƲRO ejuſdem Reginae, à Feſto Sancti Hillarii, anno regni Regis Edwardi 14, uſque ad fectum Sancti Michaelis, anno 17 ſui.

Idem reddit Compotum de 2875 l. 10 s. q. recept. de AƲRO ejuſdem Reginae per praedict. tempus, ſicut continetur in Rotulo de Particulis quos idem Iohannes lib. in Theſaur. ejuſdem Reginae.

In the ſame Great Roll I finde only this Total of his General Account for the next year of 1564 l. 17 s. 4 d. ob.

Compotus Johannis de Berewyk Cuſtod. Garderobae Alianorae Reginae Angliae Conſortis Regis de denar. Receptis de AURO praedict. Dominae Reginae,Ibidem, Anno 18 E 1. à Crastino Sancti Michaelis anno 17 E. 1. fin. uſque 3. diem Novembr. anno regni ejuſdem Regit E. 18. fin. Incip. 19.

Idem reddit Compotum de 1564 l. 17 s. 4 d. ob. recept. de AURO ejuſdem Reginae, et Catall. Iudaeorum damp. per praedict. tempus, ſicut continetur in Rotulo de Particulis quos idem Iohannis lib. in Theſaur. ejuſdem Reginae. The Particulars of which Accounts I cannot yet find out, which would moſt clearly evidence from what particular Oblations and Fines theſe great ſums of Queen-gold did then ariſe.

The only particular Account of this Duty in this Kings reign I can yet diſcover, is this of Eaſter and Trinity Terms Anno 19 E 1. kept amongſt the ancient Records in the Treaſury of the Kings Receiver in the Exchequer.

Rotulus de Recept. Auri Reginae de Termino Paſch. Anno regni Regis Edwardi 19.

Notingham, Inter Recorda D. Regis Car. 2. in Theſauro Receptae Scac. ſui ſub Cuſtodia Theſ & Camerar. ibidem remanen. ſic contin…tur ut lequitur.Derb, De Roberto Foucher de parte 26 s. 8 d. de Auro Reginae de fine 20 marc. pro tranſgr. 6 s. 8 d. debet 15 s.

Glouc. De Johanne Hamerton pro Priore de Lanton juxta Glouc. de parte 6 marc. de Auro Reginae de fine 60 marc. pro licenc. appropriandi Eccleſiam de Berton juxta Wygorn. in proprios uſus retinend. 20 s. Canc.

De Thoma Berkeley de parte 10 marc. de Auro Reginae de fine 100 marc. pro vita ſua ſalbanda, et terris et ten. ſuis rehabendis: 13 s. 4 d. De H. de Stanton, anno 17.

p. 25Somerſet & Dorſet. De Iohanne de Batton. de parte 100 s. de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 50 l. ne transfretaret in Vaſcon. 50 s. per rot. memor. de anno 17.

De Waltero de Pavely de parte 20 marc. de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 200 marc. pro vita ſua ſalvanda. et terris et ten. ſuis rehabendis, 40 s. Canc. anno 16.

Wilts. De Petro Skidemore de parte 20 marc. de Auro Reginae de fine 200 marc. pro vita ſua ſalvanda, et terris ſuis rehabendis, videlicet pro termino S. Michaelis anno 19. 33 s. 4 d.

Eborum. De Roberto de Reygate de parte 20 marc. de Auro Reginae atterminat ad quinque marc. per annum de fine 200 marc. pro vita ſua ſalvanda, et terris ſuis rehabendis, 33 s. 4 d.

De Waltero Harowne de parte 5 marc. de Auro Reginae atterminat de 50 marc. (4) pro tranſgr. in praeparacionem totius debiti praedicti, 13 s. 4 d.

Kanc. De Haeredibus Galfridi de Everhurst de parte 26 s. 8d. de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 20 marc. quia convictus, 5 s. De Itinere H. de Stanton, anno 16.

De Haeredibus Salomonis de Hotherugg de parte 23 s. 4 d. de quodam debito 4 l. d… Auro Reginae de fine 40 l. quia convictus, 3 s. 4 d.

De Johanne Geffrey de parte 21 s. 3 d. de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 16 marc. pro tranſgr. conſpirat. 10 s. per rot. fin. Canc.

De Waltero Bety de parte 20 s. de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 10 l. pro tranſgr. De Itinere H. de Stanton, anno 16.

Somerſet. De Johanna quae fuit uxor Willielmi de Wiggebere de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 10 marc. pro pardonacione habenda de tranſgr. 13 s. 4 d. anno 18.

Suſſe…. De Johanne Chavent de 40 s. de Auro Reginae de fine 20 l. pro tranſgreſſion. venacionis 20 s. coram Iuſtic. Itinerant. in Foreſta de Eſſex, anno 18.

Oxon. Berks. De Johanne de Bloxham de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 20 marc. pro armis militaribus non ſuſcipiend. 2 marc. Canc. anno 18.

Warr. Leyc. De Saero de Rocheford de parte 20 marc. atterminat. ad 4 marc. per annum de fine 200 marc. pro vita ſua ſalvanda, et terris ſuis rehabendis, 2 marc.

Glouc. De Johanne de Langeley & ſociis ſuis Principalibus tax. & ſubtax. diverſarum conceſſionum de parte 145 marc. de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 1400 marc. pro omnibus tranſgreſſ. factis in taxationibus praedictis, 4 l. coram H. de Stanton. ad oppreſſ. miniſtrand. &c. anno 18.

De Johanne de Wylynton. de parte 300 l. de Auro Reginae atterminat. ad 20 l. per annum, de (4) fine 3000 l. pro vita ſua ſalvanda, et terris ſuis rehabendis; videlicet pro Termino Sancti Michaelis, anno 19. 10 l.

De eodem Johanne de parte 300 l. de Auro Reginae atterminat. ad 20 l. per annum, de fine 3000 l. pro vita ſua ſalvanda, et terris ſuis rehabend. in partem ſolucionis 10 l. pro Termino Paſchae, anno 19. 100 s. debit 100 s. pro hoc termino.

Linc. De Adam de Swyllynton. de parte 70 marc. de quodam debito 100 marc. de Auro Reginae atterminat. ad 10 marc. per annum de (4) fine 500. marc. pro vita ſua ſalvand. et terris ſuis rehabend. 66 s. 8 d.

Cumbr. De Ranulpho de Dacre de parte 4 l. de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 10 l. pro licenc. feoffandi Willielmum de Burgh & Robertum Puing de ten. in Leſingby, Irchinton. & Burgh ſuper ſabulones & hoffs, 13 s. 4 d. Canc. anno 17.

Eborum. De Adam de Everingham de parte 40 marc. de Auro Reginae atterminat. p. 26ad quinque marcas per annum de (4) fine 400 marc. pro vita ſua ſalvanda, et terris ſuis rehabendis, 33 s. 4 d. Canc. anno 16.

Wiltes. De Petro de Skidemor. de parte 20 marc. de Auro Reginae atterminat. ad 5 marc. per annum, de (4) fine 200 marc. pro vita ſua ſalvand. et terris ſuis rehabendis, 33 s. 4 d.

Wigorn. De Nicholao Ruſſell nuper Vic. pro Roberto Sturmy & aliis Principalibus tax. diverſarum conceſſionum in Com. Wigorn. de parte 50 l. de Auro Reginae de (4.) fine 10 l. pro omnibus tranſgr. factis in omnibus taxationibus praedictis, 66 s. 8 d. Coram Rege Term. Michaelis & Hillar. anno 17.

Summa Rotuliuſque hoc;—45 l.—13 s.—4 d.

ff. Adhuc Recept. de Auro Reginae de Termino Trinitatis, Anno 19.

Midd. De Johanne Giſors de parte 40 s. de quodam debito 10 marc. de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 100 marc. pro tranſgr. 13 s. 4 d. Coram H. de Stanton anno 13.

Norff. Suff. De Ricardo de Gray de parte 80 l. de Auro Reginae de 800 l. (4) pro Cuſtod. et maritag. Ricardi Baſſet habend. 6 s. 8 d. Canc. anno 16.

Bedd. Bucks. De Petro de ſancta Cruce de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 11 l. 2s. 2d. ob. pro relevio ſuo, 22 s. 3 d. ob. memor. anno 17.

Glouc. De Roberto Goldehull de parte 10 l. de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 100 l. pro pardonacione habenda de tranſgr. quam fecit communicando quibuſdam Magnatibus Regi contrariantibus, 20 s. Canc. anno 15.

Northton. De Simone Curteys de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 20 marc. pro licenc. alienandi Laicum feodum in Brikkeſworth duobus Capellis ad manum mortuam, 2 marc. Canc. anno 18.

Cornub. De Ricardo Hywiſh de parte 4 l. de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 10 l. ne transfretaret in Vaſcon. 20 s. Coram Ricardo Damory & Roberto de Wodhouſe, anno 18.

Glouc. De Johanne de Hampton pro Priore de Lanton juxta Glouc. de parte 6 marc. de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 60 marc. pro licenc. appropriandi Eccleſiam de Berton Stacy juxta Wigorn. in proprios uſus retinendam, 13 s. 4 d. Canc. anno praedict.

Bedf. Buks. De Johanne de Sancto Amando de parte 5 marc. (4) pro relevio ſuo, 26 s. 8 d.

De Simone de Arcubus de parte 30 s. de Auro Reginae de fine 15 l. pro eodem, 10 s. rot. memorand. anno 17.

De Rogero de Tyringham de parte 2 marc. de Auro Reginae de fine 20 marc. pro (4) licenc. habenda quod Sibilla quae fuit uxor Johannis de Bourgh poſſet ſe maritare cuicunque voluerit, 20 s. Rotulus memor. de anno 17.

London. De Johanne Devery & Magiſtro Willielmo de Maldon de parte 20 l. Recognitarum Reginae in Scac. pro remanen. Comp. illius Johannis Devery de tempore quo fuit (5) Receptor. Auri ipſius Reginae, 66 s. 8 d.

Eborum. De Ricardo de Waleys de parte 200 marc. de Auro Reginae, atterminat. ad 20 marc. per annum de (4) fine 2000 marc. pro vita ſua ſalvande, et terris ſuis rehabendis, 6 l. 13 s. 4 d.

Hereford. De Rogero le Wodare & aliis ſubtax. & ſubcollector. Civitatis Hereford. de parte 10 marc. de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 100 marc. pro omnibus tranſgreſ. factis in tar. praedictis, 10 s. Coram H. de Stanton. anno 17.

p. 27De Reginaldo de la Mare de parte 6 marc. de Auro Reginae de fine 60 marc. pro vita ſua ſalvanda, et terris ſuis rehab… 6 s. 8 d.

De Galfrido Beauflour de parte 40 … Reginae de fine 20 l. pro eodem, 5 s.

De Roberto de Baskervill de parte 6 marc. de Auro Reginae de fiue 60 marc. pro eodem, 6 s. 8 d.

De Johanne de Pennebrugge de parte 6 marc. de Auro Reginae de fine 60 marc. pro eodem. 6 s. 8 d.

De Johanne de Lyngayne de parte 4 marc. de Auro Reginae de fine 40 marc. pro eodem, 6 s. 8 d.

De Stephano Devereys de Bodenham de parte 20 s. de Auro Reginae de fine 10 l. pro eodem, 20 s.

De Petro de Grandiſſono de parte 20 l. de Auro Reginae de fine 200 l. pro eodem, 10 s. Canc. anno 17.

De Ricardo de Pennebrugge de parte 20 marc. de Auro Reginae de fine 200 marc. pro eodem, 6 s. 8 d. Canc. anno 16.

De Ricardo Baskervill. & aliis principalibus tax. & ſubtax. Com. Hereford. de parte 80 marc. de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 800 marc. pro omnibus tranſgr. factis in tax. praedictis, 45 s. Coram H. de Stanton, anno 17.

De Priore Lanton primae de parte 40 s. de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 20 l. pro confirmatione quarundam Cartarum habenda, 13 s. 4 d. Canc. anno 18.

Lancastr. De Roberto de Dalton de parte 10 marc. de Auro Reginae atterminat. ad 2 marc. per annum, de (4) fine 100 marc. pro vita ſua ſalvonda, et terris ſuis rehabend. 13 s. 4 d.

De Willielmo Moigne de parte 20 marc. atterminat. ad quinque marc. per annum de (4) fine 200 marc. pro pardonacione habend. de tranſgr. 33 s. 4 d.

Salop. De Hugone de Mortuo mari de parte 20 l. de Auro Reginae atterminat. ad 40 s. per annum de (4) fine 200 l. pro vita ſua ſalvanda, et terris ſuis rehabendis, 20 s. Canc. anno 17.

Somerſet, Dorſet. De Roberto de Neweburgh de parte 10 l. de Auro ſuo de fine 100 l. pro vita ſua ſalvanda, et terris ſuis rehabend. 20 s. Canc. anno 17.

Salop. Staff. De Philippo Barinton & aliis Principal. tax. & ſubtax. Com. Staff. de parte 34 marc. de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 340 marc. pro concelamento et aliis tranſgr. factis in taxationibus praedictis 50 s. Coram J. de Stonore anno 17.

De Viviano de Standon & aliis pl. Willielmi de Chetilton de parte 40 s. de Auro Reginae de (4) fine 20 l. pro eodem Willielmo pro plur. tranſgr. 13 s. 4 d.

De Henrico de Creſſewell & al. pleg. Ricardi Shirard ſenioris, & Thom. ſil. ejuſdem Ricardi fil. Ricardi Shirard & Willielmi fratris ejus de parte 40 s. de Auro Reginae de fine 20 l. pro eiſdem pro tranſgreſſionibus, 10 s.

Summa ab alia ſumma uſque hac —34 l.— 12 s.— 02 d. ob.

Summa total. hujus Rotuli conjuncta —80 l.—05 s.—06 d. ob.

Summa total. Recept. Auri per totum Annum 19^o —231 l.— 18 s.— 10 d. ob.

What other Sums were received for AƲRƲM REGINAE this year in p. 28Michaelmas and Hilary Terms, I cannot yet finde out by any Records I have hitherto peruſed. Only I read that the King this year on the 11. of January, pardoned and remitted 200 … Queen-gold due from Bogo de Clare, which accrued to him by his Queens deceaſe, thus recorded in the Clauſe Roll in the Tower of London.

REX Theſ.Ex Rot. Clauſ. 19 E 1. m. 10. … Turri London. Pro Bogone de Clare. & Baronibus ſuis de Scaccario, ſalutem. Ob bonam affectionnem quam kariſſima Conſors noſtra Alienora quondam Regina Angliae erga dilectum nobis Bogon…m de Clare habere novimus dum vivebat, pardonabimus eidem Bogoni ducentas marcas in quibus praefatae Reginae die quo obiit tenebatur pro AƲRO SƲO ipſam contingente de quodam (4) fine duorum milium marcarum quem idem Bogo fecit nobiſcum pro quadam tranſgreſſione ſibi impoſita. Et ideo vobis mandamus, quod praedictum Bogonem de praedictis ducentis marcis quietum eſſe faciatis. Teſte Rege apud Aſſerugg 11 die Januarii.

This**Placita Parl. An. 18 E 1. n. 4. See Rylyes Placita Parl. p. 6, 7. & the 4. Part of▪ my Brief Regiſter & Survey of Parliamentary Writs, p. 819, to 822. Bogo de Clare was committed Priſoner to the Tower of London by ſentence of the King and his Counſil in the Parliament of An. 18 E. 1. for cauſing the Prior of St. Trinity London to ſerve a Citation upon Edmund Earl of Cornwall to appear before the Archbiſhop of Canterbury, as he was paſſing quietly through the midſt of the Kings Great Hall at Weſtminſter, (to the Kings Great Counſil then held at Westminſter, to which he was ſummoned by the Kings Writ) wherein no perſon ought to be arreſted, but only by the Kings Officers, and which was exempted from the Archbiſhops Juriſdiction, in manifeſt contempt and diſgrace of the King, to his damage of ten thouſand pounds; until he ſhould ſatisfie the King for this Treſpas, for which he put in pledges. After which he made a voluntary fine to the King for this Treſpaſſe of 2000 marks; which was accepted, for payment whereof he put in pledges by the Kings precept before the Treaſurer in the Exchequer; for which fine he became endebted 200 marks to Queen Eleanor for her AƲRƲM REGINAE; which accruing to the King by her death, the King for her good affection to Bogo de Clare in her life-time, was pleaſed graciouſly to remit it to him after her deceaſe by the precedent Writ iſſued to the Treaſurer and Barons of the Exchequer.

Anno 27 E. 1. Queen Margaret conſtituted a Clerk and Receiver of her Queen-gold in the Exchequer by her own Letters Patents, and this Writ to the Barons.

MArgareta Dei gratia Regina Angliae, Term. Mich. 27 & 28 E 1. in Offic. Rem. Regis in Scac. Inter Brevia direct. Baronibus Petitiones, Certificationes & Record. de Litera Margareta Reginae Angliae pro Auro ſuo cuſtodi…nd.Domina Hiberniae, & Duciſſa Aquitaniae, Omnibus ad quos praeſentes literae pervenerint, ſalutem. Sciatis, quod (5) commiſimus dilecto Clerico noſtro Johanni de Godele Cuſtodiam AƲRI noſtri, aſſignantes eundem ad Theſaurum noſtrum qui ad nos ſub nomine dicti Auri pertinet levand. colligend. et cuſtodiend. Ac omnia alia et ſingula faciend. quae ad cuſtodiam illam pertinent, prout Cuſtodes REGINARƲM Angliae AƲRI hujuſmodi et Theſauri temporibus retroactis facere debuerunt et conſueverunt; ita quod de exitibus eorundem nobis reſpondeat. In cujus rei teſtimonium, has literas noſtras fieri fecimus Patentes Sigillo noſtro privato fignatas, quamdiu nobis placuerit duraturas. Dat. apud Ledes 22 die Septembris, Anno regni Domini noſtri Regis Edwardi 27.

p. 29MArgareta Dei gratiâ Regina Angliae, Litera Patens ejuſdem Reginae pro eodem.Domina Hybernia, & Duciſſa Aquitan. Amicis ſuis in Chriſto chariſſimis Theſ. & Baron. Domini Regis de Scaccario, ſalutem. Quia (5) commiſimus dilecto Clerico noſtro Johanni de Godleye Cuſtodiam AƲRI noſtri, prout in literis noſtris Patentibus ſibi inde confectis plenius continetur: Vos rogamus, quatinus in hiis quae ad Cuſtodiam illam pertinent, dictum Clericum noſtrum admittatis, veſtrum Conſilium et auxilium eidem impendentes in eiſdem. Bene valete. Dat. apud Ledes ſub privato ſigillo noſtro 22 die Septembris, Anno regni Domini noſtri Regis Edwardi 27.

From theſe Records in the reign of King Edward the 1. I ſhall obſerve;

1. That the Queen Conſort during the life, and likewiſe after the death of the King her Husband, had the ſame prerogative and proceſſe for the levying of her Queen-gold and other Debts, out of the Lands, goods and chattels of the Creditors or their pledges which they had when they firſt grew due, into whoſe hands ſoever they came, as the King himſelf had and uſed for the recovery of his own Debts, in the Court of Exchequer, and that her Debts ought to be levyed before any Debts due to others, next after the Kings.

2ly. That no Aurum Reginae was due to, or demanded by the Queen Mother for any Oblations or Fines made with King Edward the 1. her ſonne, after the deceaſe of King Henry her husband.

3ly. That the Queen by her own Patents or Writs both during the life and after the deceaſe of the King, uſually conſtituted the Keepers and Receivers of her Queen-gold in the Exchequer, whom the Barons were to counſell, adviſe and aſſiſt upon all occaſions for her advantage; who were to cauſe proceſſe to be iſſued to levy this and other her Debts, and to render an annual Account of them in the Exchequer.

4ly. That if the Keeper of the Queen Mothers or Queen Conſorts Gold, or other Officers, did injuriouſly ſue or vex the Kings ſubjects for Queen gold, where none was due by Law, they were reſtrained, prohibited, and the parties diſcharged by the Kings and his Counſils ſpecial Orders and commands to the Barons of the Exchequer.

5ly. That no Queen-gold was due to the Queen for any publike Ayds, Fifteenths, or Tenths freely or voluntarily granted to the King out of meer grace and courteſie by the Lords or Commons in Parliament, or Clergy in their Convocation, or by any particular Corporations or Perſons for the ayde and defence of the Holy Land or Realm, nor for any Fines or Compoſitions for the ſame made by the granters and givers thereof.

6ly. That Queen-gold was due and payable for Fines to, and voluntary compoſitions made with the King for Diſms, Quindiſms, and Twentieth parts granted to the King by the Pope or Parliament out of meer grace, by ſuch perſons who were not parties to the grant, or who made Compoſitions for them for Counties, Corporations, or other perſons, not for themſelves alone.

7ly. That when new queſtions and doubts aroſe concerning this Duty of Queen-gold, they were uſually determined and ſetled for the future by the King and his Counſil, and the Ordinances therein made by them, were ſent to the Barons of the Exchequer, to be there enrolled, obſerved, executed.

8ly. That Queen-gold was due and payd to the Queen Conſort in Ireland p. 30as well as in England, where the Queen had a ſpecial Officer and Auditor to receive it.

9ly. That Queen-gold was due and levyed from Jewes, both for their Fines, Oblations, Treſpaſſes and compoſitions for Forfeitures, as well as from Chriſtians; and that the King could not enlarge thoſe Jewes who were impriſoned for Queen-gold, without ſatisfaction made to the Queen, or by her conſent.

10ly. That Queen-gold was then due, paid, levyed for Oblations and …es made to the King for treſpaſſes in falſifying, clipping or abuſing his money, and for all other ſorts of Treſpaſſes, abuſes, concealments, offences, committed as well within, or concerning the Kings Foreſts, as without; for adhaering to ſome Nobles againſt the King; for licenſes to appropriate Churches; or to alien or give lands in mortmain to any pious, religious, or charitable uſe: for pardons and ſaving the lives of perſons convict, or condemned: For the reſtitution of lands or goods ſeiſed by, or forfeited to the King for any offence, breach of Covenants, conditions, or other lawfull cauſes: for not going with the King beyond the Seas to his Wars, when bound by tenure thereunto: for reſpites or diſcharges from taking the Order of Knighthood, when ſummoned to take it by the Kings Writs: for licenſes for alienation of lands held of the King in Capite to other perſons: for the Cuſtody of the lands, bodies, and marriages of Wards: for reliefs, and for Charters to confirm Liberties formerly granted.

In the reign of King Edward the 2.Edward 2. theſe Records concerning Queen-gold are moſt obſervable; the firſt whereof informs us, what fee the Bailiff of a Liberty claimed by preſcription for every diſtreſſe for Queen-gold from the parties diſtrained, which was deemed an abuſe, for which his Liberty was ſeiſed.

IDem Vic.In Magno Rot. Scac. Anno 2 E 1. in Cuſtod. Clerici Pipae, &c. reddit compotum de Exitibus Libertatis quam Philippus le Lardin. aliquando tenuit, viz. capiend. de unaquaque diſtr. vend. pro debito Regis et AƲRO REGINAE in hoc Com. 32 d. & qua libertate dictus Philippus abuſus fuit, ſicut continetur in rotulo de rebus Regis recuperat. in Itinere H. de Creſſingham in Com. Eborum.

In the ſeventh year of King Edward the ſecond Queen Iſabel his Conſort aſſigned John Drury to exact, collect, and receive her Queen-gold, by this Patent.

ISabella Dei Gratiâ Regina Angliae, Term. Mich. An. 7 E 2. in Offic. Rem. Regis. in Scac.Domina Hyberniae, & Duciſſa Aquitaniae: Univerſis ad quos praeſentes Literae pervenerint, ſalutem in Domino. Sciatis, quod (5) aſſignavimus dilectum Clericum noſtrum Dominum Johannem Drury ad exigend. colligend. et recipiend. nomine noſtro quoſcunque denar. nobis debitos ſeu debendos ratione AƲRI NOSTRI levand. in Anglia, quamdiu nobis placuerit. Et ideo omnibus & ſingulis quorum intereſt tenore praeſentium fore duximus deſtinand. quod eidem Johanni in praemiſſis & praemiſſa contingentibus, prout decet pareant & intendant, quouſque aliud inde duxerimus ordinand. In cujus teſtimonium has Literas noſtras fieri fecimus p. 31Patentes. Dat. apud Weſtm. 11 die Octobris, anno regni chariſſimi Domini noſtri Regis Edwardi ſeptimo.

In the 10th year of King Edward the 2. there happened this memorable caſe between Queen Margaret, wife to King Edward the 1. and the Mayor, Aldermen, and Citizens of London about the duty of Aurum Reginae for a fine of 2000l. alleged to be made to the King (but denied by them) in lieu of the twentieth part of all their goods, upon a general Tax in Parliament of the 20th part of all mens goods given to K. Edward the 1. her deceaſed husband, which ſhe claimed to be due to her and other Queens, by the Books, Records, and Memorials in the Exchequer; which the King ordered to be levyed and payd without delay, if it ſhould appear to the Barons to be due, by this Writ.

CUM nuper ex parte Majoris,Term. S. Mich. 11 E 2. in Offic. Rem. Regis in Scac. Aurum debit. Reginae ſuper omnibus Obligationibus pro pecuniis ſponte fact. Regi. Aldermannorum, & Civium Civitatis London. Regi ſuggerentium, ipſos nuper conceſſiſſe Domino E. quondam Regi Angliae Patri Regis 2000 l. pro Viceſtmis omnium bonorum ipſam Communitatem ratione Viceſimae eidem patri Regis pro Communitate Civium et Burgorum ſuorum Angliae, tunc temporis conceſſ. contingen. Ac Barones ad proſecutionem Margaretae Reginae Angliae dictos Majorem, Aldermannos et Cives pro 200 l. quas eadem Reginae pro AƲRO SƲO in hac parte, ac ſe aſſeruit pertinere reddend. Ac cum iidem Major, Aldermanni & Cives finem per ſummam praedictorum 2000 l. pro Viceſima praedicta feciſſent, cum non fecerint, per ſummonitionem dicti Scaccarii graviter diſtringi ſecerunt, in ipſorum Majoris, Aldermannorum et Civium diſpendium non modicum et gravamen. Rex mandavit Baronibus, quod demanda quam eiſdem Majori, Aldermannis, & Civibus pro 200 l. praedict. per ſummonitionem dicti Scaccarii fecerunt, ſuperſederi facerent, quouſque modo debito diſcuſſum fuiſſet, ſi praedicta Regina in hujuſmodi caſu AURƲM habere deberet, necne? Ac etiam ex parte dictae Reginae Regi dicto oſtenſum fuiſſet, quod in**Libro Nigro & Rubeo, Here, p. 8, 9. Libris, Rotulis, et Memorandis dicti Scaccarii Regis continetur, et uſitatum invenitur, quod hii qui in pecunia numerata progenitoribus Regis ſpoute ſe obligant, Reginis quae pro tempore fuerunt ſimiliter tenebantur, licet expreſſum non fuiſſet, videlicet pro 100 Marcis in una mar. AURI, & pro 200 m. in duobus Marcis AURI, & ſic deinceps pro majori ſumma plus, & pro minori minus. Rex volens, quod negotium illud per Barones diſcutiatur, et ulterius flat, quod juſtum fuerit in hac parte. Mandat. Baronibus, quod ſcrutatis Libris, Rotulis et Memorandis praedictis, ſi per inſpectionem eorundem & per diſcuſſionem coram eis ſuper praemiſſis faciend. eis conſtare poterit, ita eſſe, tunc praedictos Majorem, Aldermannos & Cives ad praedict. 200 l. eidem Reginae pro AƲRO SƲO ſine dilatione reddend. compelli, prout juſtum fuerit fac. Teſte Rege apud Westm. 22 die Octobris, Anno regni noſtri undecimo.

Nota, quod hoc Termino vel antea praedicta Regina obiit: whereupon I finde no entry of the Barons reſolution given therein.

After this Queen Mothers deceaſe, the King by his Letters Patents under the Great Seal of England, and by Privy Seals iſſued to the Treaſurer and Barons of the Exchequer authorized Thomas Earl of Norfolk Marſhal of England, and Edmund of Woodſtock his Brothers, and other Executors of this Queen, to receive and recover all Debts due to her, and the arrears of Queen-gold (which he granted p. 32to them) to be levyed with all ſpeed, in the ſame manner as the Queen her ſelf might have done, and as his own debts were levyed.

EDward par la grace de Dieu,Paſch & Mich. 12 E 2. inter Brevia directa Baronibus in Offic. Rem. Regis in Scac. &c. au Treſ. e as Barones de noſtre Eſchequer. Come entre autres choſes que nous avoms grants al executors de Teſtament Margaret Reigne Dengleterre, les deniers grantez, que touts maners de Dets que eſtoient duez de la dit reigne, de levant en la meſme manere come nos feſoms lever les noſtres, ſicome plus pleinement eſt contenus en lettres de noſtre grand Seal; et nous entenduz que grand proviſ. DEL OR e dettes ailloms ſont uncors arrers.Aurum Reginae. Mandoms, que meſme le OR, et dettes facer lever a tote le haſte que vbous unquez poyres pur le mieulx execution de dit Teſtament.

King Edward in the 18 year of his reign iſſued this Writ to his Barons for the due Collection of his Queen Iſabels Queen-gold.

EDward par la Grace de Dieu,Mich. 18 E. 2. rot. 1. Baronibus pro Iſabella Regina Angliae in Offic Rem. Regis in Scac. &c. As Treſorer & Barons de noſtre Eſchequer, ſalutz. Nous vous mandoms, que vous ſoeffrez Iſabelle Royne Dengleterre noſtre treſcher Compaigne, preindre et aver SON OR ſauntz nui nuſement, et le facez lever a ſon oeps, auxi come ad eſte acuſtumez ceo enarrire. Et ceo ne leſſez. Don ſouz noſtre prive Seal a Wint. le 9 jour D'octobre, l'an de noſtre regn. 18.

Et memorandum, quod Breve liberatum fuit Camerar. 11 die Octobris per praeceptum Theſſ. Cuſtodiend. quod quidem Breve Robertus de Hoton Clericus dicti Theſ. recepit eodem die quo aliud breve de privato figillo directum fuit Theſ. & Camerar. de recipiendo AƲRO praedicto ad opus Regis.

From theſe Records in the reign of King Edward the 2. I ſhall obſerve:

1. That the Queen Conſort her ſelf by her Patents conſtituted a ſpecial Clerk in the Exchequer to demand, collect, and receive her Queen-gold, as a Legal Debt, Duty belonging to her.

2ly. That it was levyed by the ſame Proceſſe as the Kings Debts were, and that the diſtreſſes taken for it were ſold by Sheriffs and Baylifs of Liberties, who demanded the ſame fees for both.

3ly. That it was due and demanded for a voluntary compoſition or fine made by the Mayor, Aldermen, and Commonalty of London with the King for the Twentieth part of their goods granted in Parliament to the King; though not for the Diſms, Quindiſms, and Twentieth part when paid in ſpecie, or compounded for by any perſon for himſelf alone.

4ly. That in doubtfull cauſes concerning this Duty of Queen-gold, the Black or Red Books, Records, Memorials in the Exchequer were conſulted and purſued, to deſcide the ſame.

5ly. That the Queen-Mother after the King her husbands deceaſe recovered the arrears of Queen-gold veſted in her before his death, in the reign of the ſucceeding King, in the ſelf-ſame manner, and by the like proceſſe in the Exchequer, as ſhe ſhould have done in his life-time, but not enjoy any Aurum Reginae for Fines or Oblations to the ſucceeding King.

6ly. That by the death of the Queen Mother, the Arrears of Queen-gold due unto her meerly by her Royal Prerogative, accrued to the King her Son, p. 33not to her Executors, unleſſe ſpecially granted to them by the King: And that her Executors by the Kings ſpecial grant had the ſelf-ſame proceſs for the recovery thereof and all other Debts due unto her, as the King, or Queen her ſelf enjoyed in her life-time.

7ly. That our Kings gave ſpecial charge to the Treaſurers and Receivers of their Exchequer by their Writs and Mandates from time to time for the levying of this duty of Queen-gold, to the uſe of the Queens to whom it was due, without delay or impediment.

The Records concerning Aurum Reginae during the reign of King Edward the 3.Edward 3. come next in order to be preſented to your view.

I ſhall begin with this Writ of Privy Seal by the King to the Treaſurer and Barons of his Exchequer for the levying of all ſorts of debts due to his Mother Queen …, (wherein Queen-gold was included, and particularly ſpecified by name) which John de Oxenden, her Receiver General ſhould ſhew to be due unto her, by ſuch proceſſe out of that Court, as ſhould be moſt for her profit.

EDward par la grace de Dieu,Inter brevia directa Baron. de…erm. Paſch. anno 4 E 3. rot 17. Bar. pro Iſabell. Regina Angl. Oxenden. &c. As Treſorier et Barons de noſtre Eſchequier ſaluz. Come Iſabell. Reyne Dengleterre noſtre treſchier Dame et Miere vous eit mandez per ſes (5) lettres, que elle ad eſtabli et aſſigne ſon Clerk Johan de Oxenden Recevour des iſſues de ſes terres a faire lever totes les dettes que ſont dues a noſtre dite Dame et Miere, auxibien des iſſues de ſes dites terres, come de SON OR, et a faire retrere reconiſſances faites a noſtre dite Dame et Mere a noſtre dite Eſcheqier quele heur q'il verra q'il ſoit a faire a ſon profit. Vous mandoms qe vous recevez le dit Johan a purſuire et parfourmir totes les choſes ſuiſdites ſolon… le purpoet et la tenour des lettres noſtre dite Miere avantdites. Don ſouz noſtre Prive ſeal a Wynceſtre le 12. jour de Marz l'an de noſtre regne quart.

What lands are liable to be extended for Queen-gold, and from what time, this enſuing Record An. 7 E 3. will reſolve us.

EDwardus Dei gratia Rex Angliae. Mich 7 E 3. in Offic. Rem. Regis in Scac. & Mr. Hackwils Treatiſe of Queen goldMic 7Vicecomiti Hereford. ſalutem. Praecipimus tibi, quod de bonis & catallis Thomae Chaundos, ac etiam de (5) terris et tenementis quae ſua fuerunt anno regni Domini Edwardi nuper Regis Angliae decimo nono, ſeu poſtea, in quorumcunque manibus eadem Terrae et Tenementa exiſtant, fieri facias 16 s. 8 d. quos Iſabellae Reginae Angliae matri noſtrae chariſſimae, de quodam debito 60 ſolidorum de AƲRO SƲO, de fine Triginta Librarum, pro (4) licencia acquirend. Manerium de Lugwardyn habenda: Et quod denarios illos habeas ad Scaccarium noſtrum apud Weſtm. in Octabis S. Hillarii, Johanni de Badley (5) Cuſtodi praedicti AƲRI ſolvend, Et habeas ibi hoc Breve. Teſte Hugone de Sera apud Weſtm. 30 die Novembris, Anno regni noſtri ſeptimo.

Per Rot. de Finibus Cancellariae de Anno 19.

Out of what fines and oblations the arrears of Queen gold were then levyed for the Queen-Mother, theſe Records in the Exchequer A…. 8 E. 3. will inform us.

p. 34**B…evia Hill. 8 E 3. in Offic. Plac. in Scac. & Mr Hackwils Treatiſe, de …uro Reginae. Pro cuſtodia terrae habend. & Maritag…o haeredum, infra aetatem.De Briano Papworth 20 Marcas quas (5) debet Iſabellae Reginae Angliae nuper Conforti Regis Edwardi ſecundi pro AURO ſuo, de (4) fine 20 marcarum pso Cuſtodia terrarum et tenemento…um, quae fuerunt Willielmi Jeffrez habenda.

De††Memorand. de An. 4 E 3. in Scac. & Brev. 8 E 3. Offic. Plac Mr. W. Hackwils Treatiſe de A…uro Reginae. Pro maritagio haered. habendis. Ranulpho de Camoys 20 l. quas debet Iſabella nuper Conſorti Regis Edwardi ſecundi pro AURO SUO de (4) fine 200 l. pro Cuſtodia Terr. et Tenemento…um Margaretae unius ſororum & haeredum Richardi Foliot habenda. Conſimile Aurum de Riohardo Gray, (4) pro Cuſtodia et Maritagio Richardi Baſſet habenda. Conſimile Aurum de Iſabella de Monte Hermerii (4) pro Cuſtodia propartis Johannae unins ſo…o…um et haeredis Richardi Foliot habenda. Ibidem, de Willielmo Turret 20 l. quas debet eidem Reginae de AURO SUO de (4) fine 100 l. pro Maritagio Johannis filii et haeredis Johannis de Cocking habenda. Conſimile Aurum de Johanna de Vienna pro (4) Maritagio Annae, Ciciliae, & Alianorae filiarum Knovill. habend.

**Ibid Brev. Hil. 8 E 3. Brev Hil. ibid. pro licencia a. lienandi terras. Ibid P…o pardonat habenda.De Bonis & Catallis Henrici Fauconbridge nuper Vicecomitis Com. Nottingham & Derb. fieri facias 6 l. quas idem Henricus in Curia noſtra coram Baronibus de Scaccario noſtro recognovit ſe debere Iſabellae Reginae Angliae, pro tot denariis per ipſum levatis de Nich. de Meignill & ſociis ſuis (4) Taxatoribus & Collectoribus diverſarum conceſſionum Domino Edwardo nuper Regi Angliae Patri noſtro conceſſarum in dicto Com. Derby de AURO ipſius REGINAE, & quas ei ſolviſſe debuiſſent ad, &c.

De Willielmo de Ferrariis 10 l. pro Auro Reginae, de (4) 100 l. pro licentia alienandi quaedam Tenementa habenda.

De Johanne de Trengham 10 marcas pro Auro Keginae, de (4) fine 100 marcarum pro pardonatione habenda.

King Edw. 3. by the adviſe of his Counſil in the 12 year of his reign upon complaint of Queen Philip his Confort, iſſued this Writ to his Barons concerning the Duty of Queen-gold, evidencing the legality and antiquity of this Duty.

REX Theſ. & Baron.Inter Brevia directa Baron. de Term. Paſchae, anno 12 E 3. Rot 6. in Offic. Rem. Regis in scac. Baron. Pro Philippa Regina Angliae. ſuis de Scaccario, ſalutem. Ex parte Philippae Reginae Angliae Conſortis noſtrae cariſſimae nobis eſt graviter conquerendo intimatum, quod cum hii qui in pecunia numerata nobis ſe ſponte obligant AURUM REGINAE, viz. de Centum marcis una marca Auri, et de ducentis duae marcae Auri, et de aliis certis ſummis tam minoribus quam majoribus pro rata po…vionis hujuſmodi, prout particulariter conceduntur et promittuntur ſolbere teneantur, …e…t per Certificationem beſtram nobis in Cancellar. noſtra de mandato noſtro inde miſſam plenius apparet: et licet eadem Conſo…s noſtra ſicut et caeterae Reginae Angliae, hujuſmodi Aurum ad Scaccarium noſtrum de finibus et obligacionibus nobis et ipſis Progenitoribus noſtris factis ac aliis ſummis ad commodum impetrancium conceſſis et promiſſis percipere debeat, et aliae Keginae praedict. Aurum illud percipere conſueberint totis temporibus retroactis. Quidam tamen praefatam Conſortem noſtram de Auro ſuo praedict. machinantes callidè defraudare, fines & obligationes ex quibus dictum Aurum ſolvi deberet, in naturam & formam aliam pro exoneracione inde habend. convertere moliuntur, & ſuper hoc diverſa brevia in Cancellaria noſtra impetrari & vobis porrigi procurarunt; quo praetextu eadem Conſors noſtra ſuper levacione Auri ſui praedicti de diverſis pecuniarum ſummis nobis p. 35ſic conceſſis, unde Aurum praedictum ſibi debetur ſaepius impeditur, in ipſius Conſo…lis noſtrae grave praejudicium ac diſpendium et jacturam, et contra fo… mam Statutorum et conſuetudinum quae ad Scaccarium praedictum appro bantur et in violabiliter obſerhantur. Super quo nobis eſt ſupplicatum, ut ſibi in praemiſſis ſubveniamus remedio oportuno. Nos nolentes Praefatae Conſo… ti noſtrae ſuper perceptione Auri ſui praedicti aliqualiter praejudicari; Vobis mandamus, quod scrutatis Statutis, Rotulis, et Memo…and. dicti Scaccarii praemiſſa tangentia, et eis inſpectis et plenius intellectis, bocatiſque co…am hobis quos noberitis conbocand. et auditis, tam pro ipſa Conſo…te noſtra, quam pro aliis praedictis, rationibus hincet inde, dictum Aurum de (4) finibus… et obligacionibus et aliis pecuniarum ſummis de quibus AURUM REGINAE rationabiliter deberi, lebari, et illud praefatae Conſo…ti noſtrae liberari fac. prout tempo…ibus retroactis fieri conſuevit, et jurta diſcretiones beſtras fo…e bideritis faciend. aliquibus mandatis, fi quae bobis in contrarium directa fuerint non obſtantibus. Teſte meipſo apud Turrim London. 15 die Marcii, anno regni noſtri 12.