Treatise of Religion and Learning, Book 4 · Chapter 7
CHAP. VII.
IRenaeus, Anno Dom. 180.161. Helv. Chron.
Bishop of Lions, the Disciple of Polycarpus who was a hearer of John, Magnus ille Ecclesiae propug…ator ac pro sui nominis augurio pacis Ecclesiasticae, vindex. Spirant illius scripta priscum illum Evangelii vigorem; ac phrasis arguit pectus martyrio paratum. Habent enim martyres suam quandam dictionem seriam, forrem ac masculum. Fuit vicinus Apostolorum temporibut, quum adhuc martyrum triumphis floreret Ecclesia. Nam puer audivit Polycarpuris in Asia, Polycarpus antem Joannis Evangelistae fuit discipulus, à quo & Episcopus Smyrnae is datus. Eras. Epist. l. 28. Epist. 5. Vide plura ibid.most famous among the Fathers.
His nature well agreed with his name, for he ever loved peace, and sought to set agreement when any controversie rose in the Church.
He was martyred with a great multitude of others more, for the Confession and Doctrine of Christ, about the fourth or fifth year of Severus.
Jo. Isaacus. He was a Jew, but turned Christian.
He hath put out an Hebrew Grammer.
Isidorus Hispalensis, Anno Dom. 632.
Archiepiscopus. Hispalensis quem ad alterius differentiam Juniorem nuncupant. Fuit hic omnium litterarum cognitione tinctus. Hispan. Biblioth. Tom. 2.He was called the younger to distinguish him from the senior Bishop of Corduba, or from another Bishop of Siville his Predecessor.
He was the Archbishop of Sivill, the President of the Councel of Sivill in Spain, one of the most learned Writers which have been in the Church within this thousand years. B. Down. Defence of his Serm. l. 3. c. 4.
He hath learnedly interpreted almost all the Old and New Testament. He hath written twenty Books of Etymologies, wherein he hath not only shewed himself a Grammarian, but a compleat Artist.
Isidorus *Theodosio juniore imperatore regnante claruit monachorum Pelusiaci montis in Aegypto abbas, Chrysostomi Discipulus, & Cyrilli familiaris. Illyr. Catal. Ver. l. 5.Pelusiota, floruit anno 482. Bell. de Script. Eccles.
For his famous sanctity he was called by a peculiar name foreign, that is, carrying God in him.
Nitidus & Comptus, & Palaestrae quam pugnae magis accomodatus, in inventione facilis, honesti studiosus: in compositione adeò diligens, ut cura ejus reprehendatur. Quintil. Instit. l. 18. c. 1. Omnium oratorum elaboratissimus. Scalig. orat. 1. cont. Eras. Quo simplicius aut purius cogitari nihil potest. Lud. Viv. de trad. disc. l. 3.Isocrates.
He was very bashfull, and never spake in publick but once.
Tully cals him the father of eloquence, Dilher that Attick Syren.
Isocrates quidem suavitatem habuit, vim Demosthenes.
Notae Dounaei in 36. Hom. Chrysost. in Epist. prim. ad Corinth.
Henricus Isselburgius Professor and Pastor of Brema, Doctor in Divinity.
There is a Book of his published, styled
Digeries praecipuarum quarundam Controversiarum Theol.
John Juel Bishop of Salisbury, exile in Queen Maries time for the Profession of the Gospel.…ewellus Anglice sonat Gemmam, vel potius monile gemmis consertum: Et certe qui in illo viro insignes animi dotes quibus tanquam immensi pretii Gemmis ornatus est, spectarit; fateatur necesse est, rarò cuiquam nominis significata aptiùs convenisse. Godw. De Praesul. Ang. Comment. Apologia ejus ab exteris piis summopere in pretio habita est, & in varias linguas, Germanicam, Hispanicam, Italicam, Gallicam transfusa. Humphred. in vita Juelli. Si spectetur ordo, nihil distributius: si perspicuitas, nihil lucidius: si stylus, nihil tersius: si verba, nihil splendidius: si r…s, nihil nervosius. Id. ibid. Apologia tua Ecclesiae Anglicanae non tantum mihi, cui omnia tua probantur & mirificè placent, omnibus modis & numeris satisfecit, verùm & jam Bullingero, ejusque filiis & generis, nec non Gualthero, & Wolphio, tam sapiens, mirabilis & eloquens visa est, ut ejus laudandae …ullum modum faciant, nec arbitrantur hoc tempore quicquam perfectius editum fuisse. & Mart. Juello.
He was born in Devonshire. John comes from the grace of God. Juel is the same in our Language with Gemma in Latine, as lately a learned Writer was called Gemma Frisius.
The Jewel of Bishops, the worthiest Divine that Christendom hath bred for some hundreds of years, saith incomparable Hooker. Doctor Hackwell. Apol. lib. 5.
Hardly is there any Controversie of importance handled at this day, of which in his Works is not to be found some learned and probable resolution.
His Apology was esteemed not only by the Tigurin…s, but by all Protestants. It was translated into the Germane, French, Italian, Spanish Tongue, and into the English by the Lady Anne Bacon, wif… to the Lord Chancellour Bacon.
The first part of it is an illustration of the true Doctrine, and a certain paraphrastical Exposition of the twelve Articles of our Christian faith. The second a succinct and solid Refutation of Objections.
He had at hand a great paper-book, as it were a rich treasury of Sciences, in which he wrote his divine and humane collections out of Poets, Philosophers and Divines. We call it a Common-place book.
Doctor Rainolds in his Letter to his friend concerning his advice for the study of Divinity, saith thus,
To…ching …ing, you k…ow, I do not like the common custom of Common-place Books. The best in my judgement is to note in the Margent, or in some paper-book for that purpose the Summe and Method of that which you reade.
In other little Books which he carried about with him (an Ephe…erides or Diary) he diligently wrote all the Apophthegmes and witty speeches, or jests which he heard from others, or observed any way, by which means he much increased his knowledge yearly.
He was very affable and courteous, amiable in his whole life, in speech witty and plea…ant, in his writings he is solid and yet f…cetious. He fled in Q. Maries dayes, and returned when Q. Elizabeth ruled.
Julian the Emperour, a Learned Prince, but an Apostate.
Quo tetrius magisque Deo s…mul & h…minibus exosum animal orbis vix vidit. Crak.Et genere nobilissimo, & forma liberali, & ingenio ad litetas & ad arma accommodato celebris statim à pu…ri…ia fuit. Christianos non tam violentis persecutionibus quam dolis & persuasionibus à veri…ate fidei abducere conatus est. Pezel Mellific Histor. part. 2. p. 273. Vide plura ibid. Cum oblata essent ei aliquando scripra Christianorum, quibu …efendebatur doct…ina Evangelii, deridens eam, sub…cripsi… haec verba foreign, legi, intellexi, damnavi; sed respondi…, nomine aliorum Episcoporum Basilius, foreign. Legisti, sed non intellexisti, s…eni… int…l…existes non damnesses. Pezel. ibid. Vide Crinitum De honesta Disciplina. l. 5. c. 10. E▪ Crakanth De Provid. Dei. De Provid. Dei.
He was given to Eusebius Bishop of Nicomedia to be instructed, of whom also he learned the Doctrine of the Church and was made a Reader in the Church of Nicomedia. But he was a hearer secretly of Libanius the Rhetorician, and was familiarly acquainted with the most famous Philosophers of that time. He was drawn back by these by degrees to the Heathenish Religion.
He wrote Books against the Christians, and reproved their Doctrine, especially the prohibitions of revenge delivered, which, though they properly belong to private revenge, yet he wrested them for publick revenge, and he said by these, Magistrates, punishments, lawfull warres were taken away, and all the sinews of retaining humane Societies.
Ammianus Marcellinus commends his Temperance in meat and drink, and his continual watching, and the partition of the night into private, publick and divine offices.
He took away the great Gifts and holy Vessels which Constantine the Grea… had given to the Churches use, and Ministers maintena…, with this scoff, See in what goodly vessels this Nazarite is served.
It was one of his scoffs when he robbed the Churches and the Christians, He did it that the Galileans (so he contumeliously called the Christians) might go more readily to heaven.
He not onelyonly killed the Christians, but scoffed at Christ himself and the Scriptures.
He had scarce raigned two years, when warring against the Persians, he was struck and mortally wounded with a Spear in that warre, as Nazianzen…, Theodo…, So…rai…s, Sozomen, and ot…ers …n…ore d…cent, and filling his hand with bloud, c…sting it into the air, he cried out, Vicesti Galilaee, Ita simul & victori…m confessus est, & blasphemiam evomit, saith Theodoret.
Franciscus Junius.Translatio illa Veteris Testamenti edita saeplus, & qu… hodie utuntur multi, magnum ipsi nomen pep…it. Verbeiden.
The glory of Leyden, the oracle of Textual and School Divinity, rich in Languages, subtil in distinguishing, and in Argument invincible. Dr Halls Dec. of Epist. Epist. 7.
He saith in his own Life written by himself, that he being once in the times of trouble very hungry, came by accident into the house of a Countreyman, and desiring some food, he entertained him most courteously. Hic (ô sapientiam D…i admirabilem) saith he, optimam scholam Christianitatis Dominus mens mihi paraverat. … discoursing together about the troubles for Religion. Sic effecit D…us admirabiliter (saith Junius) ut bonus rusticus sanctissim…m Zelum quem, habebat, operante Domino, mihi quasi insti…, ego verò … Christianus, siq…idem Christianus, ei …cientia praelucerem. Vna & eadem hora suam gratiam in utroque …xplicavit & ostendit Deus: à me scientiam rustico, ab illo Zeli semina quaedam mihi ingenerans. And so being each of us some way bettered by the other we departed, saith Junius.
He is censured by Doctor Twisse *Nihil ferè Junio magis familiare quam obscurita…. Twissus Animad vers. in collat. cum Jun.as too obscure, but by Thuanus overharshly, Vir desult…rio ingenio, qui multa conatus, an adsecutus sit quod moliebatur, doctorum erit judicium. Thuan. Hist. Tom. 3. l. 79. from whom he is vindicated by Vossius.
His Works are in two Volumes in Folio.
Migravit ad Christum anno 1602.
His Son Francis Junius (whom I know well) hath written a learned Book D… Pictura veterum.Omnifariâ doctrina & generis splendore ornatissimus, Franciscus Junius Francisci filius affinis m…u…. Voss. De Orig. & Progressu Idol. l. 3. c. 5.7.
Hadrianus Junius a Physician.
Vide Thuan. Hist. Tom. 3. l 61. Vir in quo omnia excellerent, Medicinae, Historiae, Antiquitatis peritia, ingenium ad Poeticem factum. Linguas praeter vernaculam septem tenuit, Graecam, Latinam, Italicam, Gallicam, Hispanicam, Germanicam, Anglicam. Meurs…i Athenae Batavae. Horrenda lectione sua, eruditione, & tot elegantissimis scriptis, quibus Latinas Graecasqu… litteras illustravt, meritus est Hollandiae & litterarum post Erasmu… Phoenix appellari. Obiit anno M.D.LXXV. Middelburgi. Boxhorn. Theat. Holland.One of the great Lights of Holland, a… Erasmus also was.
Vir eruditissimus variaque lectionis. Ful. Miscel. l. 4. c. 5.
Fuit Medicus, Criticus, Poeta, Historicus exactissima antiquitatis cognitione egregiè claerus; linguarum plurium peritus. Melch. Ad. vit. Germ. med.
Many Monuments of his wit full of Learning witnesse his great ability.
His Nomenclator, six Books of Animadversions, Copia Cornu, and other Works.
Ptricius Junius, Patrick Young a Scotchman, a great Grecian.
Patritim Junius homo ad literaturae omnis, duntaxat Graecae beneficium natus. Pric. Not. in Apol. Apulaei.There is his
Caetena P…t. Graec. in Job Gr. Lat.
Clementis ad Corinthi…s Epistola, cum ejus not…s.
Fr. Juretus.L…mati judicii multae que lectionis vir Franciscus Juretus. Blondel. De …rmul. Reg… Christi. In vet. …, …s….
He hath put out Notes on S…eca.
Christ. Justellus a learned Protestant.
He hath published these two excellent Works.
Codex Canonum Ecclesiae Affricanae.
Codex Canonum Ecclesiae Vniversae.
Justinianus Imperator m…gnus, vir magni & excellentis ingenii, locum inter Ecclesiasticos scriptores meritò acquisivit. Omnes Constitutiones principum quae in multis voluminibus habebantur ad 12. libros redigens codicem appellavit. Quatuor etiam institutionum libros composuit, in quibus nucleus legum comprehenditur & …xponitur. Trithem. De Script. Eccles. Imperium adeptus anno Christi 527. Imperavit annis 38, sicut de illo scripserunt Evagr… l. 4. c. ult. & Marianus Scotus, ac Sigebertus Gemblacensis ad annum 527. Hic est ille Justinianus Imperator, cujus jussu collectae sunt leges, & volumina illa edita sunt Institutionum, & Pandectorum, & Codicis, & Novellarum. Hic Italiam à Gothicis, & Africans à Vandalis recup… ravit. Z…orbes. Instruct. Hist. Theol. l. 3. c. 1. Vide Geneb. Biblioth. Pezel. Mellif. Hist. part. 2. & ult.Justinian the Emperour.
He was born at Prisdena in Sertia. He was most Orthodox in Religion, a most constant Defender of the true Doctrine against the Arians, Nestorians Eu…ychians and Manichees.
He wrote four Books of Institutions, in which the Summe of all the Romane Laws is briefly comprehended.
Of these Melancthons Distich is memorable.
Continet hic tennis legum praecepta libellus.
Primaque Romani semina juris habet.
Augustinus Justinianus Episcopus Nebiae.Justiniaenus Genuensis sine dublo Romanensium omnium doctissimus est. Vedel. Epist. Dedicat. ad Comment, de tempore utriu…que Episcopatus S. Apostoli Petri. Episcopus Nebiensis, qui Pialterium octaplum anno Christi 1516 in magno folio exc…sum Genuae edidit, ut inter praecipuas linguas ibi essent Hebraea, Chaldaea, Arabica, & Graeca Fuerat autem in totidem linguis daturus aliquando tota Biblia, nisi calamitosa morte ante tempus fuisset praereptus. Neand. Geog. part. 1.
Paulus Jovius saith, when he passed from Genua into the Corsick Island, he was thought to be drowned, or to be intercepted by Pyrates.
Sodalitatis praedicatorum eximius Theologus, Grae…is, Hebraeis, Arabis, Chaldaisque literis ornaetus, qui ex Graecis Hebraicisque Latinitati plurima donavit. Ingensque volumen histor…rum Genuensium lingua vernacula, cum insulae Corsica descriptione cona…dit. Leand. Albert Descript. tot. Ital. in Liguria.
Laurentius Justinian the Patriark of Venice was also of the same house.
Leonardus Justinianus.Fuit vir maximi confilii parisque facundiae. Juvenis ad huc versus lingua vernacula p…urimos arte magna panxit: aetate vero confirmata dein eloquentissimus as litteratissimus evasit: neque solum …ratione soluta, verum etiam recitatione carminis sermone vernaculo mirifice delectatur, usque adeò ut inter aetatis suae doctissimos homines sit habitus, praeterquam quod eximius reipublicae consiliarius erat. Albert. Leand. Descript. Ital. in Venet.
His Family had the same felicity that the Curios had, that there were three famovs Orators of it, two Leonards, the Grandfather and the Grandchilde, and Bernard the Grandchildes sonne. Volat. Anthropol. l. 21.
Justin Martyr.Est vir ille ad Philosophiae tum nostrae, tum potissimum profanae summum e…ectus fastigium, multiplicisque eruditionis, & historiarum Copia circumfluens. Photi… Bibliotheca. p. 309. Apologiam scripsit, camque Imperatori Pio obtulit, anno Christi centesimo quinquagesimo. Et in ea genus & nomen suum, religionemque Christianam prositetur, Justinum se esse dicens, Prisci Batti silium, Flaviae (quae nova civitas est Syriae Palestinae) ortum. Antequam verò Christianus fieret, sectator fuerat disciplinae Platonis, ut ipse de se testatur, in altera Apologia ad Senatum Romanum. Ubi etiam qua occasione adductus fuerit, ut de Christianis benignius sentire inciperet, tandemque iis …e adjungeret, commemorat his verbis. Nam & ego ipse (inquit) Plato…is Disciplinae sectator, cum calumnicsè deterri Christianos audirem, intrepidè autem ad mortem, & alia quae terribilia esse censentur, …nis adire conspicerem, statui ipse mecum, fieri haud quaquam posse, ut illi in vitiorum pravitate & voluptate amore viverent. Forbes. Instruct. Hist. Theol. l. 1. c. 3. Vide R. Episc. Vsser. De editione LXX. Interp. p. 30.
A famous Philosopher, and a great Defender of Christian Religion, who first exhibited unto the Emperour Antoninus Pius, and to the Senate, an Apology in the Defence of the Christians, and afterward himself also died a Martyr.
He flourished in the Church after Christ about the year 150, so Zanchy. Others say 163.
He is the ancientest of the Fathers (whose writings remain) except Clement.
He lived in the very next Age to the Apostles, and Tertullian lived the next Age to him.
He was first allured to the Faith by the cruelty of Tyrants, and by the constancy and patience of Gods Saints.
In the year of Christ 163. he suffered Martyrdom for the faith under Mareus Aurelius Antoninus the Philosopher, and Lucius Verus Emperours.
His Works were printed in Greek and Latine by Commelinus Anno 1593.
Justin the Historian.Anno A…rae Christianae 138. Helv. Chron.
He lived under the Emperour Antoninus.
Junius Juvenal.*Anno Ae… Christianae 96. Helv. Chron. Candidus, ac Satyrorum facile princeps. Nam ejus versus longe meliores quam Horatiani: sententi… acriores phrasis apertiot. Scalig. Hypercrit. c. 6. In taxandis moribus, nostrorum patrum memoria, primum locum habere putabatur adeo, ut is tunc d…ctior existimaretur, qui plures ejus versus memorites re…i…res. Lil. Gyrald. D… Poet. Histor. Dial. 4.
He is commended by learned men for the best Satyrist. That Censor morum liberrimus. He is a rare Poet, is testified by his Verse, flowing like a River, when the winde breaths gently, smooth besides the banks, strong in the current.
He was a true Philosopher, who with inimitable sweetnesse of Language, and majesty of Sentences, sets before our eyes the lovelinesse of virtue, and the deformity of vice. So the learned Sir Robert Stapleton in his Preface to his exact Translation of Juvenals Satyrs.
Vit nobilisatque doctissimus: Philosophus, Poeta, Rhetor & Theologus insignis, & non minus conversatione, quam scientia Scripturarum Ecclesiae venerabilis. Biblioth. Hispan. Tom. 2. Sacerdos Hispanicus nobili genere natus, Constantiui magni temporibus. Scripsit quatuor Evangelia hexametris versibus, penè, ut ait Hieronymus, ad verbum transferens. Lil. Gyrald. De Poet Histor. Dial. 5.Juvencus Presbyter a Spaniard.
He flourished in Constantines raign, Anno Dom. 330.
He wrote four Books of Verses, in which he hath comprized the Evangelicall History.