Review of the Paraphrase of the New Testament, Matthew
A Review of the Paraphraſe & Annotations on the GOSPEL according to St MATTHEW.
Chap. I.19. Note g. THe notion of foreign righteous for mercifull may further be confirmed by Prov. 11.18. where He that ſoweth righteouſneſſe] appears to ſignifie the mercifull, Pro. 11.18.who ſoweth, i. e. ſcattereth, v. 24. and diſperſeth abroad his almes, and, as the ſower, receives this back again with the greateſt uſury, foreign, ſaith St Chryſoſtome, To. 7. p. 618▪ l. 30.he ſeems to ſcatter, but really he gathers together, foreign, as the ſower lends his ſeed to the earth upon intereſt, and accordingly there it follows, to him ſhall be a ſure reward.
Chap. II.22. Paraphr. Adde. And another reaſon of Joſephs thus diverting into Galilee was, becauſe Herodes Antipas, that was now Tetrarch there, was not ſuch a tyrant as Archelaus had already diſcovered himſelf to be.
Ibid. Note a. For an ancient heathen, reade an ancient Commentator on Plato. So Note c. In ſtead of theſe words [And for the confirming of the truth of, &c.] reade: Concerning this it is obſervable which we finde in Chalcidius in his Comment upon Plato's Timaeus, who relating ſome portentous ſignificancies of ſtarres, addes, Eſt quoque, &c. And in the margent dele [in Greek no doubt foreign.]
Ibid. 6. Art ee not the leaſt] ee Some doubt hath been of the agreement of this phraſe [foreign,foreign. thou art by no means the leaſt] with the Hebrew Mich. v. 2. foreign which the Septuagint render foreign, and the Vulgar, Parvulus es, thou art little. But Mr Edward Pocock, a great Maſter of the Orientall languages, hath evidenced out of many learned Grammarians that the word foreign, little] ſignifies alſo the quite contrary, and is uſed for Primaria, Judex, Princeps, Magiſtratus, all great ones: So Jer. 48.4. Rabbi Tanchum renders foreign his Princes and Governours; And ſo the Chaldee Paraphraſt there, foreign his Sultans or Rulers: So Ehn Jannahium a Learned Grammarian, affirms of foreign that it is one of the words that ſignifie contraries, and cites Zach. 13.7. where foreign, ſaith he, ſignifies Nobles and Princes. And ſo the Authour of the Hebrew-Arabick Gloſſary ſets foreign Sultan, Ruler, or Prince, for one of the ſignifications of foreign, and ſo in that place of Zachary, the Septuagint render it foreign Paſtors, and the Syriack foreign Superiors, and the Arabick Paſtors or Rulers. Many words of that ſort which have ſuch contrary ſignifications Mr. P. hath collected to confirm this interpretation.
foreign.Ch. 3. Note c. To confirm the fitneſſe of applying [make ſtreight his paths, and every valley ſhall be exalted, &c.] to the Roman armies coming againſt Jeruſalem, Adde to the words of Joſephus, Geog l. 5. p. 162.a like paſſage in Strabo. foreign, they plain'd the waies through the region, cutting down the hils, and filling up the hollow places. And ſo the verſes of Sibylla Erythraea ſet down by aDe Civic. Dei l 18. c. 33St Auguſtine and aDe praedict. par. 2. c. 1.Proſper, beginning with Judicii ſignum, the ſign of judgement, and Ecoelo Rex adveniet, the coming of the king from heaven, and that in carnem, into the fleſh, praeſens ut judicet Orbem, that being preſent he may judge the world, there follows,
Dejiciet colles, valles extollet ab imo,
Non erit in rebus hominum ſublime vel altum,
Jam aequantur campis montes—
He ſhall caſt down the hils, and advance the valleys, There ſhall be among men nothing lofty or high, The mountains are now level'd to Campagnia, And then ſoon follows, —Tellus confracta peribit, the deſtruction of the earth or land, i. e. (in the ſacred Dialect) of Judaea.
Ibid. Note f. That foreign ſignifies not only to appear but really to be, foreign.appears farther by 1 Cor. 12.22. where foreign, the members which ſeem to be more weak, foreign.are all one with foreign, thoſe that are the weaker: So in Optatus, ſpeaking of the fleſh of Chriſt, quae nullum videbatur admiſiſſe peccatum, Lib. 1.which ſeemed to have committed no ſinne, his meaning muſt ſure be that really he had no ſinne.
Ch. 5. h. To the teſtimonies of Theophylact, for Chriſts encreaſing the Law, adde. aIn Rom 6.14.foreign. When Chriſt was come, our contentions became eaſier, wherefore we had alſo greater tasks, as having greater aſſiſtance afforded us. And bIbid. in 1 Cor. 9.21.foreign, having a law more ſublime then the old Law, viz. the Law of Chriſt. And cIbid in Gal, 5.13.foreign, We are not therefore free, that we may tranſgreſſe the Law, but that we may tranſcend or exceed the Law; where in ſtead of Chriſts foreign to fill up] he ſets foreign to exceed and go beyond. And dIn Gal. 5.23.foreign, He caſts out the Law as inferiour and leſs then the philoſophy, or rule of living, given by the Spirit.
Ibid. Note o. To the matter of the Incontinence of the Eye prohibited by Chriſt, Adde, And even among the heathens, the anſwer of Pericles to Sophocles, ſhewing him a beautifull woman, is conſiderable, foreign, A ſober General muſt keep at home, or in his power his eyes as well as hands. Stobae. Serm. 17.
Ibid. Note q. To the diſcourſe of patience of injuries in oppoſition to private revenge, Adde, The Philoſopher hath ſtated it excellently,Rufus ex Epict. hiſt. amicit. ap Stob. Ser. 20. foreign, It is the part of degenerous and fooliſh men to think they ſhall be contemn'd by others, if they do not by all means avenge their firſt enemies. foreign, For as we ſay, that a man will be deemed free from contempt by his being able to hurt, ſo much more will he be deemed, by his being able to help.
Ibid. Note r. To confirm the notion of foreign for an inner garment, Adde the words of aforeign.Ariſtophanes, foreign: where foreign ſignifies, and is by the Interpreter rendred interula, the inner garment. So in bIn Iliad β Eaſil. Ed…. p. 128. l. 43.Euſtathius foreign, it ſignifies the inner garment, and giving it an Etymology (ſomewhat remote) from foreign, he ſaith it is ſo called, foreign, becauſe it is immediatly next the body. So cQuaeſt. l. 4. c. 22.Alexander Aphrodiſaeus, ſpeaking of the unfitneſſe of uſing clothes to ſoften or effeminate the body, which ſhould rather be deſigned as arms to fortifie and make it courſer, and ſo ſtronger, ſaith, that it is much fitter to uſe foreign, one inner garment then two (which they that took care for ſoftneſſe and ſmoothneſſe did) and yet better to uſe none at all foreign but the outer garment only; where the Interpreter of Stobaeus (in whom this paſſage is ſet down p. 18.) moſt abſurdly renders foreign interula, quite contrary to the deſign of the place, where it muſt needs ſignifie the outer (which is generally the leſſe ſmooth or ſoft) garment, not the ſhirt or inner garment, which in Homer hath that Epithet, foreign, to contra-diſtinguiſh it from foreign, ſaith dforeign. Baſil. Ed. p. 83. l. 36.Euſtathius, which word foreign he ep. 128. l. 4.elſewhere expreſſeth to be foreign, and here to be the upper garment, foreign. The whole matter is put out of queſtion by the words of Plutarch in his nuptial precepts, ſpeaking of the winde and the Sun, contending which ſhould force the man out of his clothes, foreign; where foreign being the outer garment, that which only the winde had force on, and that which in the Sun-ſhine was firſt put off, foreign muſt needs be the inner garment.
Ch. VI. 16.
Of a ahorrid, ghaſtly.ſad countenance, for [they bcover their faces, or ſpoil their looks.disfigure their faces, that they may appear to men to faſt.]
16. They put on ſad and mournfull looks, appear in foul ſordid garments and unwaſht faces, which make them look lamentably, or perhaps they cover or veil their faces, &c.
foreign.Note h. foreign] is not ſurely by any outward applications to conſume, or deſtroy, or ſpoil their faces, but denotes only ſo much as ſhall make good the oppoſition betwixt them, and thoſe immediatly after mentioned, which anointed their heads, &c. Another ſecond notion of the word is ordinarily pretended for disfiguring or discolouring, foreign.acquiring an artificiall pallidneſſe; But this as it will hardly be exemplified either in ſacred or prophane Writers (nay on the contrary it is uſed for painting to advantage, i. e. beautifying, in *Stobae. p. 445.Nicoſtratus, foreign) ſo will it not be found that the Jewiſh hypocrites uſed any ſuch arts either in time of mourning or faſting: Neither is it eaſily defined or explained what particular way of disfiguring, or diſcolouring, or cauſing pallidneſſe it is which is meant by it. The moſt that I can diſcern toward this ſence, is this, There is a diſeaſe which is called foreign, defined by Phavorinus to be foreign, a diſeaſe that fetcheth off the hair from the head and beard, makes it very thin, a ſcurf that grows upon the head or face, ſo called from foreign a Fox, becauſe as the urine of a Fox foreign, makes the place where it fals fruitleſſe, the graſſe will not grow after it; ſo this deals with the head or face: Now the countenance which is thus affected, is uſually called foreign, as being ſo diſmally diſcoloured by it, as the ground is, when by the urine of the Fox it hath loſt its verdure, and is dried up. And to that I ſuppoſe belongs the place in Heſychius, though corrupt in the ordinary copies, where to foreign and foreign, he addes, foreign, ſome ſay it ſignifies one of a macerated, diſcoloured, or (as foreign is rendred by foreign) of a dark countenance. foreign.And then this agrees with Phavorinus's notion of foreign, which is here uſed in the ſame ſence, foreign, one that hath ſuch a dark, diſcoloured, macerated countenance. And ſo that may poſſibly be conceived the meaning of foreign, to macerate and diſcolour their countenances: (So the Lexicon Graeco-Latinum, foreign extermino, diſperdo, deformo, depravo, not only to deſtroy, but to deform and deprave. So Antiochus Hom. LV. ſaith of Envy, foreign, it cauſeth a pale countenance; So *Devit Contemp l. 2. c. 4.Proſper ſeems to render the phraſe here, Jejunant ▪ ſaith he, ut vultus ſui pallorem pernicioſis laudibus vendant, they faſt that they may ſell the paleneſſe of their countenance for hurtfull praiſes, foreign, that they may by their looks be taken for auſtere aſcetick perſons, men that faſt very often, having thus macerated themſelves with that exerciſe. And then proportionably with that, foreign in the beginning of the verſe muſt be more then ſad▪ Heſychius renders it foreign and foreign, of a fierce and horrid, ghaſtly countenance, ſuch as men have when they are well nigh ſtarved. …ut paſſing by this, there is yet a third rendring of the phraſe, which ſeems more commodious to the place, by interpreting foreign [the looks] and not [the faces] and then it may fitly be rendred, they ſpoil their looks, endeavour to look as ill as they can; And for this, it is to be obſerved, that foul or ſordid apparell will contribute much toward it: So in Euſtathius on *Edit. Baſi. p. 261. l. 10.Odyſſ. foreign, The body carefully waſh'd becomes fairer, and ſo alſo by putting on white clothes; as on the other ſide ſordidneſſe and ill-tatterd clothes (foreign, it ſhould be read in Heſychius) darken a bright countenance: where the word is uſed of that illneſſe of looks, which ſordid clothes do cauſe. To this I may yet further adde, that foreign which Hab. 1.5. is rendred foreign, ſignifies ſuch a confuſion of countenance, as attends aſtoniſhment or vehement trouble; (See Note on Act. 13. gg.) and ſo may here in that ſence be fitly joyn'd with foreign forming, and putting on ſuch a ſad, troubled confounded countenance, which cannot but be taken notice of by any. But this ſtill not by any outward means of diſcolouring it, but by an affected ſadneſs or change of looks, or by foul and ſordid garments, and the like.
foreign.Ibid. Note l. To confirm the notion of foreign for liberality, Adde the teſtimony of Theophylact on 2 Cor. 8.2. foreign, It ſignifies a minde void of envy or parſimony, apt to communicate.
Ibid. Note n. That a cubit is ſet to note a very ſmall meaſure, Adde the uſe of the phraſe [foreign] in *Ap. Stobae. p. 528.Mimnermus, a cubital time, or ſpace proportionable to a cubit, meaning a very ſhort ſpace, ſuch as leaves and the moſt tranſitory frail things enjoy. By this alſo farther appears, that theſe meaſures of cubits and the like, are applicable to the age or life of man, and not only to the ſtature. And ſo the Pſalmiſt, Thou haſt made my dayes as it were a ſpanne long. A meaſure much leſſe then a cubit, applied to our dayes, or ſpace of life.
Chap. VIII.5.
A Centurion.
A Captain or Commander of a hundred Souldiers.
Ch. IX. Note c. For the infamouſneſſe of the Publicans trade among the heathens, foreign.Adde the paſſage in *Ap. Stobae. p. 31.Muſonius, that Theocritus being demanded what was the cruelleſt beaſt, anſwered, Of thoſe on the mountains, the Bear and Lion, but of thoſe in the City foreign, Publicans and Sycophants. And accordingly Theophraſtus puts together foreign,Char. keeping whores, and being Publicans.
Ibid. Note h. in marg. To the teſtimony from Ovid of the uſe of Muſick in Funerals, Adde,foreign.
*Tri… 5. Eleg. 1.Tibia funeribus convenit iſta meis: and ‖p. 177.Petronius Arbiter, licèt ad tibicines mittas, of one deſperately ſick: See Jo. a Wower. ad loc.
Ibid. Note m.foreign ▪ Of the uſe of foreign for fatigati wearied, ſee H. Stephanus in his Preface to Herodian. And ſo 'tis ſurely uſed in that author, l. 4. foreign, he took his voyage with a few horſemen, that he might not tire the whole army, and lib. 7. foreign, after he had tired them with long journeys and abuſed them. And ſo aTo 7. p. 107. l. 3.St. Chryſoſtome foreign, I would not have wearied you with ſo long a voyage. So bIb. p. 169. l. 16.foreign to take ſo weariſome a journey as it muſt coſt thee to come to us: In all which it denotes the laſſitude that comes from travell. Thence in *Ib p 554.St Chryſoſtome foreign is foreign full of labour and care; And in the ‖ap Euſ…b. …4. c. 15.Epiſtle of the Church of Smyrna foreign is uſed for foreign, eaſily, without trouble or labour.
foreign.Ibid. For the uſe of foreign for fainting, Adde 2 Sam. 17.29. foreign &c. The people is hungry and weary, or faint and thirſty in the wilderneſſe.
Chap. X.16.
*Milde, meek, wrathleſſe.ff Harmleſſe as doves.
Ye muſt moſt ſtrictly preſerve your mildneſs, revengeleſneſſe, meekneſſe, uſing no violent or forcible means toward your perſecutors, though it be to preſerve your ſelves, becauſe ye are as ſheep.
foreign.ff For the notion of the word foreign, the origination of it muſt be conſidered from foreign to butt, or ſtrike, or wound with the horns; from hence ſaithaIn Iliad. C. p 476. l. 3. Euſtathius, comes foreign, and conſequently (ſaith he) it ſignifies foreign ſimple and mildly diſpoſed, and not butting or uſing of horns againſt any body. So bIliad …. p. 1353. l. …5.again, foreign, the word ſo derived ſignifies wrathleſs, angerleſſe, as one that uſeth no horns hurts no body: And this notion perfectly agrees with the nature of the Dove, which, ſay the Naturaliſts, hath no gall, is never angry, nor hurts any, and ſo in all reaſon is to be reſolved the meaning of it in this place. So cDial. IV. foreign. 191.Caeſarius foreign, not retributing evil to any man, foreign, for the dove hath no malice in it, hurts nothing, having not the Organ of choler in it.
Ibid. Note c. Of Mattathias and his ſon Judas which took upon them to deſtroy the prophaners of the Temple, adde, that they put in their colours theſe words, foreign i. e. Who is like thee among the Gods, O Lord? or as others reade it, foreign Who is like thee among the Princes of Judah? From the initiall letters whereof foreign they ſeem to be ſtiled Maccabees, which though literally it do not, yet in effect denotes Zelots. But Ferrarius in his Nomenclat. Syr. tranſlates the very word foreign, aemulator, Maccabaeus, writing it with Koph which is not anſwerable to the Hebrew Caph, which others generally uſe in this word.
Ibid. Note e. For the notion of foreign to acquire, adde Muſonius, foreign.in whom *foreign ap Stobae. p. 4….foreign thoſe things that are acquired with difficulty] are diſtinguiſhed from foreign, ſuch as are hard to keep.
Chap. XI. Note i. To the confirming of the notion of foreign for the ſtate of death (not any place, heaven, or hell, or the grave) adde,foreign. That the writers of the Church had this notion of the phraſe in the Creed, may be diſcerned (among many) by this place in Theophylact in Rom. 4.25. foreign; Seeing he died, having no ſin, it was reaſon he ſhould riſe again, for how ſhould he that was ſinleſſe be detained by Hades? where being detained by Hades] is by the oppoſition to riſing again, explained to be no more then continuing in the ſtate of the dead: So the ſame Theophylact on Eph. 4.9. interprets the lower parts of the earth to be Hades, and that in the ſame notion as when Jacob ſaith, You will bring my old age with ſorrow, foreign to Hades, (not to hell certainly,) and as it is all one with foreign to the pit, in David. Thus the Arabians uſe Al-Barzach for that ſpace or ſtate which is betwixt this life and the next, the time of death and the reſurrection, and every one that dies is ſaid to go Al-Barzach.
foreign.Ibid. Note l. To confirm the notion of foreign for exceeding good or gracious, Adde the Septuagints rendring of Pſal. 34.8. O taſte and ſee, foreign, that the Lord is gracious.
foreign.Chap. XII. Note e. For the acception of foreign unprofitable, for wicked, See Philoxenus's Gloſſary, Nequam foreign, and Nequitia foreign, and ſo in Cyrils Greek Gloſſary: So in Heſiod, foreign, an unprofitable man is he that neither underſtands himſelf nor heeds others, the moſt ſenceleſſe, wretchleſſe perſon: Of the ſame nature is illaudatus, unpraiſed, in Latine, of which ſee A. Gellius l. 2. c. 6. where he proves that word to ſignifie omnium peſſimum ac deterrimum, the worſt and baſeſt of all: And ſo l. 7. c. 11. he makes foreign, riotous, intemperate, unprofitable, uſeleſſe, ill-mannerd, deteſtable, to be all one, the interpretation of the Latine Nequam, a wicked man, but literally good for nothing.
foreign.Ibid. Note m. For the acception of foreign not for gainleſſe but ill, Adde the advice of Pythagoras, foreign foreign, Let it be more deſirable to thee, or chooſe rather to caſt a ſtone at an adventure, than an idle ſpeech, where it is evident that foreign is at leaſt a raſh ſpeech, and ſuch as from which a man himſelf, or others may as probably receive ſome conſiderable hurt, as from a ſtone raſhly caſt we have reaſon to expect.
Ibid. Note n. That the reckoning of dayes by the evening and morning was in uſe, as among the Jewes, ſo among the Athenians alſo, ſee A. Gellius l. 3. c. 2.
Chap. XIV. Note a.foreign. For the notion of foreign to admoniſh, or inſtruct before-hand, Adde the Vulgar Latine which reads praemonita, admoniſhed before-hand. So in Xenophon foreign. the Maſters ▪ having ſhewed their Scholars how to do their buſineſs, foreign do alſo by words premoniſh them.
Chap. XV.5.
[*It is an interdict, or he is obliged. He ſhall be free.]
He is under obligation not to give it his father, &c.
Note c. To the foreign vow of not rele… ving his parents, Adde the words of Philo, foreign.foreign, he confirmes by oath the barbarouſneſs and ferit… of his diſpoſition. And what hath thus paſſed under their vow, is, ſay they, foreign i. e. utterly forbidden, or unlawful, or foreign unlawful as Corban, which being conſecrated, muſt not be touch'd, or imployed to any other uſes: Which therefore in all probability is the word omitted in the Ellipſis, which others ſupply by foreign, he ſhall be free, but ſhould rather be, he as obliged, may not give his Father. So that the plain meaning of the place is. A Father being in want requires releef of his Son; the Son anſwers, that he hath vow'd he will not, and ſo that to him it remains not lawful to releeve him: And the Phariſees approve of this practice, that he may thus evacuate his duty to his parent. Of this ſee Mr. Pocock, Not. Miſcell. p. 414. This without queſtion is it, which is here charged on them by Chriſt. As for the other notion of Corban, or foreign, that what is asked, they cannot give, becauſe it is conſecrated to God, though it be taken up by the antients, yet it appears not to be agreeable to the Jewiſh practice, for there are no foot-ſteps among them of any devoting to God, or conſecrating, in this matter, as the teſtimonies produced by Mr. P. do fully evidence.
foreign.Ch. XVI. Note h. To the mention of the Key of David, Rev. 3.7. Adde, where a difference muſt be obſerved betwixt the Key of David, and the Keyes of the houſe of David: Keyes are an enſigne of power, but that power is not all of one kind, it is greater, or leſs, principal and independent, or inferior and derivative, and the ſeveral keyes are emblemes of theſe ſeverals. David we know was a King, and independent from any on earth, and conſequently the Key of David notes an independent ſupreme power, and that applied to the Church, belongs onelyonly to Chriſt, in that prophetick expreſſion Apoc. 3.7. But the Keyes of the houſe of David notes an inferior power, that of a ſteward in Davids familie, which being perfectly ſubordinate to him, hath yet the foreign, the adminiſtration of the affaires of his familie intruſted to him. Now Chriſt is the Original, and prime fountain of all power over the whole Church, that ſpiritual kingdom of David, &c.
Chap. XVII. Note d.foreign. p. 67. For the notion of foreign for tradere delivering up (not betraying) Adde Athenaeus, l. 5. of Quintus Oppius, foreign, a priſoner delivered up to cuſtody. So Pſ. 88.8. foreign, I was impriſoned, &c.
Ch. XX. Note b.foreign. To the notion of foreign for foreign working, Adde the phraſe Ruth 2.19. foreign; where haſt thou laboured? and foreign where ſhe had laboured, and foreign with whom I laboured, where ſtill the Hebrew hath foreign labouring.
Ibid. Note c.foreign. To the notion of foreign for pick'd or choice men, Adde, Ariſtotle in his Oeconomickes l. 2. in the paſſage of Antimenes Rhodius, where we find foreign ſubjoyned to foreign approved officers, where probably it muſt ſignifie ſpeciall pick'd Artificers.
Ch. XXI. Note b.foreign. To 5. p. 242. l 23. Of the notion of foreign for dividing into ſmall peeces, to Plato Adde S. Chryſoſtome, who ſpeaking of his homilies, more then one of the ſame matter, ſaith, foreign, we have cut it out into many minute parts for ſeveral dayes.
Ibid. foreign.That the word foreign ſignifies any kind of utenſil, Adde Nicolaus Damaſcenus of the Sordo Libyes, of whom he ſaith, foreign, they have no foreign but a cup and a ſword, where the ſword is called foreign, as well as a cup, and ſo is a ſheet, Act. 10.11.
foreign.Ibid. Note g. To the notion of foreign for breaking into ſmall peeces, Adde Dan. 2.44. foreign, he ſhall beat ſmall and break into chaff all the kingdomes.
Chap. XXII.19.
[A penny.]
A coyne that was half the Alexandrian, but the whole Attick drachme, and ſo the fourth part of the ſhekel of the Sanctuary, or half the ordinary ſhekel.
foreign.Ibid. Note f. Of the notion of foreign for conſpiration or conjunction of affections, Adde, as in Chryſoſtome Epiſt. K. foreign, is, earneſtly to deſire his Epiſtles.
foreignIbid. Of foreign Lu. 19.48. in the notion of taking his part, being of his ſide, agreeing with him, Adde, were very kind to him, ſo in Chryſoſtome, Ep. foreign. He affects you much, and is an earneſt lover of me, and Ep. foreign, loving and tendring. So in *La…ſ. hiſtor. p. 907. B.Palladius, foreign, placing all her affection on the yong maide.
Chap. XXIII.4.
[aa heavy burthens.]
Severe ordinances over and above what the law exacts.
foreign.Note a a. What is meant by theſe foreign heavy burthens impoſed on men by the Phariſees, may be diſcerned by their own writers. R. Joſhua before Chriſts time, among the ſeveral things, that are pernicious to the world, numbers foreign, plagas Phariſaeorum, the ſtrokes or ſeverities of the Phariſees. And theſe are mentioned in the Talmud c. 3. §. 4.tr. Sotah, Plagas Phariſaeorum vocat ſuperfluos cultus, ac ritus moleſtos ab ipſis in religionem lege Moſaicâ praeſcriptam ſubintroductos, by the ſtrokes of the Phariſees he means, ſuperfluous worſhips and troubleſome rites, introduced by them under hand into the Jewiſh religion. And Maimonides, Appellarunt additamenta illorum quibus legem gravem reddiderunt, plagas, they called the additaments by which they made the Law heavy, ſtrokes or ſeverities.
Ibid. v. 27.
[For ye are h like to whited ſepulchers which indeed appear beautiful outward, but are within full of dead mens bones, and of all uncleanneſs.]
27 Ye may fitly be reſembled to ſepulchers, which are fain to be whited over, that they may be diſcerned to be ſuch, and ſo avoided, being otherwiſe grown over with graſs, and not diſcernable from other ordinary ground, by the outſide Lu. 11.44. whileſt yet within like reall ſepulchers, ye are full of all pollution.
Note h.foreign. There is little difficulty to determine what is meant by foreign, ſepulchres waſhed over with white lime, on purpoſe, that they may be diſcerned by paſſengers, and avoided, leſt they contract legal pollution by them; For thus the Jewes were wont to mark Sepulchres, Calcem aquâ maceratam effundit in locum immunditiei, they uſe lime macerated with water, and poure it upon the place of uncleanneſs, Yad. Tum. Met. c. 8. And Raſhi ad Gemar. Moed Kat. c. 1. f. 5. renders the reaſon, quòd ipſa alba ſit inſtar oſſium, quam ergo videntes, eò non accederent, becauſe lime is white like bones, and therefore they ſee, and go not neer it. So among the Chriſtians in *l. 3. p. 90.Optatus; Corpora (occiſorum) per dealbatas aras aut menſas poterunt numerari, the bodies of the ſlain may be yet numbred by the whited altars or tables, i. e. by the tombs in faſhion of an altar, or table, laid over them, and whited. All the difficulty is,foreign. in what reſpect it here followes that they appear foreign outwardly fair, when Lu. 11.44. it is ſaid of them, that they are foreign as graves that appear not. And this will be fitly ſalved, by conſidering, that this faireneſs is not all one with their being whited before, but denotes the reaſon, why they had need of being thus whited; theſe graves were, it ſeems, grown over with graſs, and ſo were undiſtinguiſhable from other ordinary ground, were outwardly as fair green graſs, as if there were no graves under, and ſo as they are properly ſaid to appear foreign outwardly fair, ſo moſt fitly ſaid of them in Luke, that they are foreign undiſcernable graves, or monuments, foreign.ſo that the men that go over them are not aware of their being graves, and ſo are polluted by going over them. And that makes it neceſſary, that they ſhould have ſome marke ſet upon them, be waſhed over with lime, proportionable to which was Chriſts reproving of theſe Phariſees hypocriſie, that ſo as fair as they were outwardly, they might not deceive and pollute ſilly diſciples, which were not aware of their wickedneſs. See Mr. Pocock Miſcell. c. 5.
Ibid. Note c. To that cuſtome of calling the wiſe man, Father, Adde the Teſtimony of Maimonides com. ad Peah, c. 1. foreign The Parents muſt be honoured, and the wiſe men, which are Fathers of all.
Chap. XXIV. Note c.foreign. That foreign concluſion of the age, belongs to the deſtruction of Jeruſalem, Adde the Teſtimony of *l. 7. c. 3.Oroſius, who evidently ſo underſtands it, for ſpeaking of the times before that deſtruction, Cùm Chriſtus, ſaith he, à diſcipulis interrogatus eſſet de concluſione temporum ſubſequentium, ſic ait, Audituri eſtis praelia, &c. when Chriſt was asked by his diſciples of the concluſion of the following times, he ſaid, Ye ſhall hear of warres, &c.
Ibid. Note d. In the end, Read, foreign.As for the Pſeudo-Prophets and Pſeudo-Chriſts, v. 24. they belong to a third time or period, immediately conſequent to the great tribulation, ver. 21. upon Titus's building the wall about the city, which made the famine rage ſo horribly, and the ſouldiers firing of the Temple, which ſoon followed after. For at this point of time, *l. 8. c. 2.Joſephus tells us of a falſe prophet, who as from God, promiſed deliverance to all that ſhould go up into the Temple, and many beleeving him, ſix thouſand were by that means burnt in that fire. Beſide this, ſaith he there were many falſe Prophets, ſet up by the foreign ſeditious, promiſing help from God, and conjuring them neither to fly, nor think of delivering up the city, and though Joſephus mention it not, yet it ſeems by v. 24. that by evil arts they wrought ſome ſtrange feats, to gain beleef from them. Of theſe ſome exalted Simon, with his army in the wilderneſs, as the perſon by whom the work would be wrought, others directed them to John, and his faction of Zelots, which kept within the city, as it followes there v. 26. If they ſhall ſay unto you, Behold he is in the deſart, &c. For by theſe means they were ſtill kept in hope, and reſtrained both from flight, and delivering the city, and ſo more aſcertain'd to all ſad diſtreſs, and deſtruction finally.
Ibid. Note h. In the end, Adde, Of this whole paſſage, that it belongs to the Jewes in Jeruſalem, ſee Caeſarius, Dial. 4. foreign. 194. foreign, &c. Chriſt foretelling the future flight of the Jewes, commands them to fly to the mountains, for after Veſpaſian, Titus ariſing, utterly demoliſhed and depopulated Jeruſalem, deſtroyed the Jewes, the men with the ſword, the children by daſhing them againſt the ground, cutting up them that were with child, with all kind of death and deſtruction blotting out thoſe fighters againſt God. And it happened that the city was taken on the ſabbath day, all the people ſtaying at home to obſerve the ſabbatick reſt, and this in the winter alſo, and ſo none could avoid or eſcape the deſtruction. He that was on the houſe top, indevoured to hide himſelf, and ſo preferring life before poſſeſſions, would not take any thing out of his houſe. He that was in the field, or countrey about, did not onelyonly not return to his houſe, but fled as far as he could, ſeeing the burning and taking of the city.
Ibid. v. 26.
[He is in the deſert]
There is in the wilderneſſe an eminent perſon, which will fight your battels, deliver you from the Roman yoke, ſuch was Simon, who had gathered an army of fourty thouſand, and was in the deſart countrey of Judea.
Ibid.
[In the *Store-houſes, cellars, places of ſtrength, fortifications, Magazins, foreign.ſecret chambers]
In ſuch or ſuch a frontier town or place of defence, or in ſuch a ſtrong hold within the city of Jeruſalem, for there John with his Zelots fortified himſelf.
Chap. XXVI. Note b. To the mention of golden Alabaſters, Adde, and ſo the ſtyle in Athenaeus imports, foreign, the boyes carrying about unguents in alabaſters and other golden veſſels.
Ibid. Of the uſe of Alabaſters for anointing, to Julius Pollux, Adde Athenaeus out of Alexis, foreign, He was not anointed out of an alabaſter, as the cuſtome had been of a long time.
Ibid. Note d. Of the five double ſhekels, foreign.i. e. twenty five ſhillings. In proportion to which the thirty foreign here will be three pounds fifteen ſhillings.
Ibid. Note f.foreign. Of the notion of foreign, Act. 1.4. for foreign Chriſts eating and their eating with Chriſt after his reſurrection, Adde the conſent of Theophylact, and Oecumenius. foreign, it ſignifies partaking of the table with them, and on Act. 10.41. the Scholion is, foreign, he confirmes the reſurrection of Chriſt by their eating with him after it, foreign, for after he was riſen he did not work any miracle, for the reſurrection it ſelf was a great miracle, and of that none ſo great an evidence as to eate and drink. So Leontius de Sect. foreign. 1. p. 630. C. foreign, that he is ſaid to eat after his reſurrection, this he did by way of oeconomy, not as being really hungry, but that he might ſhew his diſciples, that he was riſen from the dead, after the ſame manner, as he is ſaid to have ſhewed the diſciples the prints of the nailes. And ſo *In Luc. p. 836. C.Titus Boſtrenſis, among the arguments Chriſt uſed to aſſure his diſciples of his reſurrection, laying ſpecial weight on the foreign, his asking for meat, and eating before them, adding, foreign, he eat after his reſurrection, but not that his fleſh wanted nouriſhment.
foreign.Ibid. Note m. After the notion of foreign in Heſychius for ſtriking with a rod, Adde, But then the old Greek and Latine Lexicon hath it otherwiſe foreign expalmo, alapo, to box, or ſtrike with the hand. And ſo *Tr. 7. in Ep. Iohan. …. 9. col. 626.S. Auguſtine reads it, Si cùm expalmaretur voluit ſe vindicare? Would he revenge himſelf, when he was box'd? So Nonnus on John,
—foreign
foreign.
The rude man ſtruck his divine cheek with his audacious hand, and Sedulius,
— Non denique paſſim
Vel colaphis pulſare caput, vel caedere palmis,
Aut ſpuere in faciem plebs execranda quievit.
The accurſed multitude ceaſed not to cuff him, or to ſtrike him with the palmes of their hands, or to ſpit on him. And ſo Suidas, foreign, it ſignifies to ſtrike the cheek with the bare hand, and ſo Juvencus of the paſſion of Chriſt.
Et palmae in malis, colaphíque in vertice crebri
Inſultant, — and
—prophetabis cujus te palma cecidit,
Their hands inſulted on his cheeks, and Propheſie whoſe hand ſtruck thee, and Nonnus again,
—foreign
foreign.
One after another by turnes gave him blowes on the cheek.
Chap. XXVII.56.
[The mother of Zebedees children]
Salome Mar: 15.40. the mother of James and John, his diſciples.
Ibid. Note a.foreign. Heſychius's notion of foreign for falling on the face, (not down any ſteep place) Adde Phavorinus alſo. foreign, it ſignifies falling forward on the mouth, on the face, and foreign. He is ſaid to lye foreign who lyeth upon the face, and oppoſite thereto is lying on the back.
foreignIbid. To what is ſaid of the manner of Judas's death by a ſuffocating fit of ſadneſs, Adde, This ſeems to be *In 2 Cor. 2.7.Theophylact's underſtanding of it, who ſpeaking of the exceſſive ſorrow, that the inceſtuous Corinthian, if not timely abſolved, might probably fall into, expreſſeth it by foreign coming to a ſuffocation, as Judas did. And this ſeems to have cauſed Oecumenius on the Acts, having reſolved that he dyed not by hanging, to fly to ſome fables of Papias, of his being ſo ſwoln, that he could not paſs by a chariot in the way, &c. In which fable I ſuppoſe there might probably be ſo much truth, that by this fit of extreme melancholy he was ſo ſwoln, that, as the text ſaith, he burſt aſunder and his bowels guſhed out.
foreign.Ibid. Note f. Of the ſtupifying wine given to them that were put to death, Adde, So in the laſt of the Proverbs, Give ſtrong drink to them that are ready to dy: Where the Hebrew Sichar, ſoftned by the Greek into foreign ſignifies, ſaith S. Baſil, foreign, all that can cauſe drunkenneſs. So Pſ. 60.3. foreign the wine of ſtupidity is by the Chaldee, rendred the wine of malediction, ſuch as is given to them that are to be executed, of which ſaith Rabbi Schelomo, that it obnubilates the heart, and ſtrikes the brain, i. e. diſturbs and takes away the ſenſes. foreign.And accordingly S. Paul uſeth foreign, Rom. 11. for the ſpirit of ſtupidity or ſlumber, having eyes and not ſeeing, &c.
foreignIbid. Note g. Of the notion of foreign for being pleaſed with] Adde a fragment of Perictyone the Pythagorean in foreign.Stobaeus, where we find foreign, She ſhall be kind to her husband.
Ibid. Note h. Of that figure (which the Graecians call foreign, or foreign) Adde a further example from Heb. 11.37. where we read foreign they were ſawn aſunder] in the plural, which yet is not found to belong to any, but to Iſaias onelyonly. But it is alſo poſſible, that both theſe theeves might at firſt blaſpheme, and reproach him, and afterwards one of them confeſſe him and pray to him. Thus Proſper underſtands it cont. Collat. c. 12. Cùm aliquandiu blaſphemaſſet in Jeſum Chriſtum repentè eſt mutatus, &c. when for ſome time he had railed on Jeſus, he was ſuddenly changed. And ſo Titus Boſtrenſis, p. 833. B. foreign. At firſt the two theeves ſpake as the Jewes did, perhaps by that means expecting ſome help from them toward getting their pardon, but that expectation being fruſtrated, and hearing him pray for his crucifiers, Lu. 23.34. one was thereby wrought on, v. 40. And if ſo, then the words here will refer to the former time, and in S. Luke to the latter.