The Resurrection Revealed, Book 3 · Chapter 2 · Section 4
SECT. IV.
Wherein the Promiſe to Adam, Gen. 1.26, 27, 28. paralleled with Pſalme the eighth, as the eighth Pſalme, with Heb. 2.5. fully opened, to prove our maine Poſition, that there is yet to be on earth a glorious ſtate of all things.
Gen. 1.26.
And God ſaid, Let us make man in our Image, after our likeneſſe, and let them have dominion over the fiſh of the Sea, and over the fowle of the Aire, and over the Cattell, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth on the earth, 27. So God created man in his owne Image, &c. 28. And God bleſſed them, and God ſaid unto them, be fruitfull, and multiply, and repleniſh the earth, and SVBDVE IT, and have DOMINION over the fiſh of the ſea, and over the fowle of the aire, and over EVERY LIVING THING that moveth on the earth, Pſal. 8.1. O LORD our LORD, how excellent is thy name IN ALL THE EARTH, who haſt ſet thy glory above the heavens. 2. Out of the mouth of babes and ſucklings thou haſt ordained ſtrength, becauſe of thine enemies, that thou mighteſt ſtill the enemy, ard the avenger. 3. When I conſider thy Heavens, the worke of thy fingers, the Moone and the Stars which thou haſt ordained. 4. What is man that thou art mindfull of him, and the Sonne of Man that thou viſiteſt him. 5. For thou haſt made him a little lower then the Angels, and haſt crowned him with glory and honour. 6. Thou madeſt him to have DOMINION OVER THE WORKES OF THY HANDS, thou haſt put ALL THINGS UNDER HIS FEET, &c. Heb. 2.5. For unto the Angels he hath not put in ſubjection the WORLD TO COME, whereof we ſpeake. 6. But one in a certaine place teſtified, ſaying, what is man that thou art mindfull of him, or the ſonne of man that thou viſiteſt him? 7. Thou madeſt him a little lower then the Angels, thou crowneſt him with glory and honour, and didſt ſet him OVER the workes of thy hands. 8. Thou haſt put ALL THINGS in ſubjection UNDER HIS FEET; for in that hee hath put ALL in ſubjection under him, he left NOTHING that is not put under him. 9. But now WEE SEE NOT YET ALL THINGS put under him; but we ſee Jeſus, who was made a little lower then the Angels, for the ſuffering of death, crowned with glory, and honour, that he by the grace of God ſhould taſte of death for every man.
§. 1 AS Saint Iohn fetcheth in the Notions of the terreſtriall Paradiſe to deſcribe New Hieruſalem, (of which Revel. 21.) or (which is all one) the glorious ſtate of the Church that it ſhal have on earth before the laſt Judgement, Revel. 22. or elſe we ſhall make John to ſpeake impertinently, for in ſupreame glory is no need of a river of water, or of ſtreets, or of a tree of Life, or of twelve ſorts of fruit, one for each month, or of leaves to heale the Nations, or to make him ſpeake untruly, if any would turne it to an Allegory, of a fountaine of Doctrine, or of more and freſh effuſions of the Spirit, or of Chriſt, to beare any further fruit, he there laying downe all, 1 Cor. 15.28.) even ſo the Prophet David falls upon a divine meditation of the eſtate of Adam in innocency, to compoſe a Propheticall Pſalme of praiſe, for what God would doe for his people on earth before the ultimate end of the world, as the Apoſtle Paul expounds him in the place aforeſaid.
§. 2 Should ſeem, that though ſome things by Adams fall were irrecoverably loſt, in ſpecie, in their proper kind (though not vertually and equivalently) as mans freedome from corporall death, yet other things, as this dominion of man over all things was not ſo forfeited, but that in Chriſt firſt or laſt it is recovered. And therefore though David knew full well Adams fall, as appeares by Pſal. 51.5. yet looking upon the SONNE OF MAN Chriſt in this Pſalme, he holds up his head and heart, and ſings out ſhrilly this praiſe, in this Pſalme of hope, that this dominion ſhall be made good to man on earth to the utmoſt.
§. 3 For ſurely there is no imagining of this ſtate to be of Saints in the higheſt Heavens, that there they ſhould have dominion over the Beaſts, Fiſhes, and Fowls, or over wicked men properly that are then in the infernal Lake, wholly under the ſole power of the Prince of Darkneſſe; and this was not performed on earth unto Davids time, who from his youth, to his end, was ever and anon in danger of Beaſts, or beaſtiall men, of the Lion, and the Beare, of Goliah, of Saul, of Abſolom, of forreigne enemies, &c. Nor was it ever ſince fulfilled, but that the Saints (the Members of the SONNE OF MAN) have been at the ſame paſſe, for the generall, with David, or worſe, as we have, and ſhall heare abundantly.
§. 4 Yet this muſt be fulfilled viſibly on earth, as ſaith the Pſalmiſt in this eighth Pſalme, ſo as the enemy and avenger among men muſt bee ſtilled, ver. 2. And all the Creatures ſubdued, as it is in the reſt of the Pſalme, and both ſo as that the Saints mouthes may be full of praiſe, according to the forme of this Pſalme, and this muſt be fulfilled too, viſibly on earth, ſaith the Apoſtle in the ſaid ſecond of Hebrewes, Unto the Angels ſaith he, ver. 5. God hath not ſubjected THE WORLD TO COME, of which WE SPEAKE. No, for they are charged to be in ſubjection to Chriſt, chap. 1. ver. 6. Nor hath God ſaid to any of the Angels, ſit thou at my right hand, *Mat. 24.14 Luke 2.1 Luke 4.5 Luk. 21.26 Acts 11.28 Act. 17.6 Act. 17.31 Act. 19.27 Act. 24.5 Rom. 10.18 Hebr. 1.6 Heb. 2.5 Rev. 3.10 Rev. 12.9 Rev. 16.14untill I make thine enemies thy footſtool, ver. 13. but this muſt be fulfilled on earth, to men in Chriſt through him. For the Apoſtles firſt phraſe in that fifth verſe of the ſecond Chapter, foreign, is ſpoken with great emphaſis, with a double emphaticall Article, ſounding as we ſpeake in Engliſh, THAT SAME world, even THAT that is TO COME, and yet ſtill meaning a ſtate on earth: for the word foreign (rendered world) in propriety of ſignification, ſignifies the inhabited world, as men inhabite their dwelling houſes (foreign an houſe being of the Kindred of the world) and in common uſe, it is put to ſignifie the world on earth; yea ſo uſed by the Holy Ghoſt in the New Teſtament at leaſt fifteen times,*The Greek is, foreign &c. The word foreign being the firſt Aor. of ſubj. mood, (as I conceive) hath the ſignification of a ſuture. Of this place of Scripture ſee more in this third Book, chap. 2. Sect. 10. and ſometimes in thoſe places earth is adjoyned, for plainer expreſſion, yea uſed ſo to ſignifie the world on earth in moſt of the ſaid places, as thereby to meane the Roman Monarchy; the Romans then ruling the whole earth, when the Apoſtles wrote, as in two of thoſe places (viz. Luke 2.1. Act. 11.28.) the Roman Emperour is expreſſed by name. Yea laſtly, ſo conſtantly uſed in the New Teſtament by the Apoſtles, ſo to ſignifie as hath been ſaid, that it is never uſed to ſignifie the ſupreameſt Heaven, even as it would have been moſt unapt for ſuch a ſignification. So that put all the Apoſtles firſt phraſe in Heb. 2.5. together, and the inhabited world to come can ſignifie no other, but that the Monarchy on earth in the Apoſtles time under the Romans ſhould be hereafter, before the laſt Judgement, the Monarchy of Chriſt, or of the Saints under him. Which the ſecond phraſe of our Apoſtle, viz. of WHICH WEE SPEAKE, doth more explaine and demonſtrate. For where did the Apoſtle ſpeake afore of that world to come, as he intimates in this relative ſpeech, but in Heb. 1. ver. 6. which being read ingenuouſly, and with an honeſt plainneſſe of interpretation, according to the Greek*Our Tranſlators in putting AND after the word ſaith, doe goe againſt common ſenſe, againſt the propriety of our Engliſh, againſt the contexture of the Greek, and againſt the Hebrew text, whence it is quoted. Is it not againſt common ſenſe, and the idiom of our Engliſh to ſpeake thus in a recitall of anothers words, He ſaith, or he ſaid AND ſo and ſo? What more ridiculous then for us, about to tell the words of another man then to make And the firſt word of the recitall. In a Hiſtory of the Old or New Teſtament, it is a common thing to bring in a party with And he ſaid, but in a quotation it is not tollerable. And tis againſt the contexture of the Greek, wch plainly runs thus; foreign, which as rendred afore, runs ſmoothly; but as our Tranſlatours render, and place the order of words of the whole verſe, they do with a vaine tautalogie, as it were joyne to ſaith two ENDS, for it runs thus, AND againe he ſaith, AND; Laſtly, our Tranſlatours intimate, as if the latter AND were in the Hebrew, whereas there is no ſuch thing. For the whole place in Pſal. 97.7, is to to a word thus: Confounded he all they that ſerve graven Images, that boaſt themſelves of Idols, WORSHIP HIM ALL YEE GODS. runs thus; But when AGAINE he bringeth in, or ſhall bring in the firſt begotten ſonne into the WORLD, he ſaith; Whence they that will grant us leaſt, will yeeld thus much, that would in Heb. 2.5. muſt ſignifie the world on earth, or elſe they utterly overthrow the Apoſtles reference there, The world to come OF WHICH WE SPEAKE. But we muſt by their favour inferre more, viz. that in this, Heb. 1.6. is mention of the ſame world to come on earth, elſe how doth the Apoſtle, chap. 2.5. ſpeake all that [For unto the Angels hath he not put in ſubjection the world to come] in forme of a repetition of what he had ſaid afore of the ſelfe-ſame matter, which hee no where afore mentions, unleſſe in chap. 1. ver. 6. viz. BUT when AGAINE he bringeth in the firſt begotten into the WORLD, he ſaith ALSO, or in LIKE MANNER, or LIKEWISE, Let all the Angels of God worſhip him; For our Tranſlators have very untowardly, and incongruouſly put and placed, AND, between ſaith, and let; † as they have needleſly, if not prejudiciouſly to the genuine ſence of the verſe, put And at the beginning, and altered the order of words of the Greek, which if kept, as we have followed it in our tranſlating, runs exceeding ſmoothly. Some dictate to us, that Againe muſt be referred to ſaith, not to bringing in; I would, if poſſible, they had alſo demonſtrated it, to have ſaved our labour of demonſtrating the contrary. The firſt AND (ſeeing they tranſlate it And) would ſerve one would thinke to ſignifie againe he ſaith. For more ſurety they have put two Ands, but it is ſafeſt for us to keep cloſe to the Originall (having chap. 2. ver. 5. with many other texts to hold analogie) which fluently runs (as we ſaid) But when againe he bringeth in the firſt begotten into the world, he ſaith likewiſe, Let all the Angels of God worſhip him; As to ſignifie Chriſts coming againe into the world to come on earth, after the ruine of Antichriſt, and all his adherents, as we ſay, the Old and New world, which was diſtinguiſhed by the Floud ruining the ungodly, whiles the race of viſible Saints ſtill lived. And if all that I have ſpoken in the Text and Margine doe ſufficiently evince, with ponderating unprejudicated men, that ſo (as aforeſaid) the Text is rightlier read; then the Quere will be, when did God ever to this day bring his firſt begotten Sonne into the world Againe? when the ninety ſeventh Pſalm was pend, Chriſt had not been brought in at all in the fleſh into the world (even as foreign ſignifies, as led by the hand.) And when the Epiſtle to the Hebrewes was pend, Chriſt had been brought into the world but once, never ſince, againe. And for the heavenly Angels of God, they did worſhip him at his firſt coming, attending, ſerving, and admiring his Incarnation (Luke 2.) Temptation (Mark 1.13.) Reſurrection (Mat. 28.) Diſpenſation of the Goſpel (1 Pet. 1.12,) and Aſcention (Acts 1.) Chriſt ſaid, he could have twelve Legions of Angels at his command; but foreign Angel in the Revelation ſignifies alſo Men-Angles, that is, Magiſtrates (as well as Miniſters) ſo viz. the Angelicall Potentates, Kings, Emperours, Judges, and Powers over men, as the word foreign Elohim (Pſal. 97.7. quoted by the Apoſtle†See more, Sect. 10. §. 2.) ſignifies the ſame (Pſal. 82.1.) ſo that according to the latitude of the words, and the deſigne of God, all human Principalities, Powers, and Dominions, muſt ſubmit to Chriſt, and his Saints under his conduct, command, or government, as well as the Angels then ſhall give him a more viſible and fuller honour; the Saints being made foreign are made able to ſee it.
But (that we may returne to Heb. 2.) this was never yet ſince Adams fall performed, viz. man ſo to be over all viſibly on earth, as Adam was over all; which is Davids application in Pſal. 8. of Gen. 1.26, &c. and Pauls explication in this ſecond of Hebrewes, of Pſalme 8.*Some weekes after I had pend theſe things upon Heb. 2.5. compared with Heb. 1, 6. &c. I met with Maſter Modes Opuſcula (newly ſet forth) concurring with me in the Grammer, and ſenſe ſenſe of thoſe places, with his learned reaſons, which I have therefore here inſerted in the Margin. foreign …nim (inquit) Terra eſt, non caelum. At ubi (inquies) de hac foreign in praecedentibus locutus eſt Apoſtolus, ut dicat foreign? Aio ab iſtis verbis v. 6 cap. 1. foreign, &c. id eſt, cum verò ITERUM introduxerit primogenitum [ſuum] in orbem terrae, dicit, &c. Quae enim ex inde ex libro Pſalmorum …d finem uſque capitis citantur [de adora tione Angelorum, de ſceptro rectitudinis Dei, de novatione mundi, de hoſtium ſub pedibus conculcatione] omnia, ſi Apoſtolo credimus, ad ſecundum Chriſti adv…utum referenda ſunt. Admonitio autem, quae 4 primis verſiculis cap. 2. haec excipit, per parenthelin eſt legenda; verſu demum quinto ad propoſitum redit Apoſtolus, & prolix…s exequitur quae dehumanae naturae ſupra Angelos prerogativa differuerat. Non A…gelis (inquit) ſubjeci… foreign de qua loquimur, Sed [& de quo] ali…ubi …eſtatus eſt, Pſalmographus dicens, Domine, quid eſt …omo quod memor es ejus; aut …lius hominis, quod viſita…? Modico mino…em Angelis feciſti cum, gloria & honore coronaſti cum, &c. Et paulò poſt, Qui verò modico minor Angelis factus eſt Jeſus (id eſt, factus homo, qui natura angelica modico inferior eſt) videmus propter mortis perpeſsionem gloria & honore coronatum. Confer Phil. 2. v. 7, 8, 9. Arque baec ni fallor, mens Apoſtoli. Mirabiliter autem noſtri verſum illum ſextum capitis primi transferun…, ut primo Chri…i …aventui accommodent, trajiciendo nimirum particulam foreign acſi ſcriptum eſſet foreign cum ſcriptum ſit foreign, cujuſmod… trajectionis exemplum nuſquam uſpiam oſtendi poteſt. Et praeterea verbum foreign (praeterquam quod cum foreign conjungatur) futuri ſignificationem habeat, cùm ſit Aoriſtus ſecund us iubjunctivi: porro notandum Pſ. 97. (unde teſtimonium illud de Angelis Chriſtum in ſecundo adventu adoraturis deſumptum eſt) tam apud Septuagi…ta quàm vulgatum Interpretem hujuſmodi Epigraphe praenotatum eſſe, foreign, Pſalmus David quando terra ei reſtituta eſt. Quid hoc re… eſſe dicemus? An Pſalmus quo David Meſſiam in reſurrectione celebrabit? An quem cecinit poſtquam ab Abſolomo filio pulſus, Regno …eſtitutus eſt? In Hebraeo hodierno Pſalmus foreign eſt. Sed LXX. aut in ſuis exemplaribus reperiſſe, aut ex traditione mutuatos addidiſſe vix dubitandum eſt; & ut alios alicubi Pſalmorum titulos, qui nunc in Hebraeo non extant. In verſione igitur Anglica v. 6 pro [And AGAINE when he bringeth in the firſt begotten into the world] Corrige [And when he bringeth AGAIN the firſt-begotten into the world] or ſhall bring, &c. Sic v. 8. pro [unto the Sonne] Malim [of the Sonne] ut antè v. 7. [of the Angels] nam eadem ſunt verba, foreign v. 12. ut & apud LXX, ſunt qui legendum exiſtiment foreign, facili mutatione. Et …ta habet Textus Hebraicus in Pſal. 102.27. foreign & Latina vulgata verſio utrobique mutabis eos. Ita quoque in Pſalmo legit Irenaeus lib. 4. cap. 6. Ita & Tertullianus adv. Hermog. c. 34.
¶. 1. This was never fulfilled to the Saints ſince Adams fall, they in the generall were never thus crowned, Pſal. 8. ver. 5. with glory and honour. Their enemies and avengers were never thus ſtilled, Pſal. 8. v. 2. The could never yet ſing this eighth Pſalme as a praiſe for the things done, but only in hope it ſhall be done. It is too too apparent before our eyes to this day in the generall ſtate of the univerſe, that the weeds are ready to eat up, or choak the corn.
¶ 2 And this was not periodically, that is totally and finally fulfilled on Adam in innocency.
For firſt, David pens this Pſalme above two thouſand eight hundred yeers after, as a Pſalme of praiſe for the Saints.
2 In Adams innocency there was no enemy and avenger ſtilled, as Pſal. 8. v. 2. makes mention.
3 Adam, ſhould ſeem, was a type of things to come, in that the Apoſtle makes the eighth Pſalme a Propheſie of future events.
4 To Adam in innocency the then preſent world of the whole univerſe was not actually ſubjected; his actuall dominion was yet within the Territories of Paradiſe.
5 Much leſſe was the inhabitable world to come, ſubjected to him: For he ſoon fell, and loſt his dominion, which is not yet ſo actually recovered to the Saints, but that their enemies are more, and mightier then themſelves to this day.
¶ 3 Therefore the great knot is, whether this hath been fulfilled to Chriſt! The Apoſtle in this ſecond of Hebrews ſeems to mee to ſay, that the things aforeſaid were not in his time fully fulfilled to Chriſt himſelfe. For, the things to be put under Chriſts feet is the WORLD, yea foreign the INHABITED World, yea and foreign the inhabited World TO COME, viz. that was to come after Paul wrote that. And the Apoſtle doth ſtrongly (as Pareus obſerves) urge out of Pſal. 8. v. 8. the univerſal particle foreign ALL, Thou haſt put all things in ſubjection under his feet for, ſaith he, in that he put ALL in ſubjection under him, he left NOTHING that is not put under him. But NOW (ſaith the Apoſtle) wee SEE NOT ALL THINGS put under him. He appeals (ſaith Pareus) to ſenſe, foreign. But NOW wee doe not YET SEE all things put under him. viz. NOW that Chriſt is aſcended, we ſee not all things put under him. He is to aſcend into Heaven, and there ſit at Gods right hand, UNTILL his enemies be made his footſtool, Pſal. 110.1. which our Apoſtle clearly applies to his aſcention after his Paſſion, Heb. 10.11. Which Untill, plainly ſignifies, that after his aſcention, when Paul wrote, All things were not put under Chriſts feet; All his enemies were not made his footſtoole; but the Jewes and Romans ſtill triumphed over his cauſe all along the ſtory of the Acts, and throughout the ten perſecutions; after that the Arian, and ſince the Papal and Turkiſh perſecution and Tyranny, triumph over it. What was fulfilled, the Apoſtle freely and fully expreſſeth, viz. foreign, &c. That is (exactly to the words and order of them) But him that was made a little while, *So foreign & foreign in v. 7. & foreign, muſt be diſtinguiſhed; ſee the margin of your Bibles.a little lower then the Angels, we ſee even Jeſus in regard of his ſuffering of death to be crowned with glory and honour, that he by the free grace of God might taſte of death for every man: As if the Apoſtle ſhould in length of words have ſpoken out thus much.
The world to come is not to be put in ſubjection to Angels, but unto Chriſt (that is the ſenſe of verſe 5.) but unto Chriſt the world to come is to bee put in ſubjection according to the eight Pſalme (as in the application of it in verſe 9. the Apoſtle expounds it of Chriſt) But this, ſaith he, is not yet totally fulfilled; all things are not yet put under him, onelyonly we ſee him, for the ſuffering of death, crowned with glory and honour, which is not a ſubjection of the INHABITABLE WORLD TO COME unto him; much leſſe of ALL THINGS therein. The Angels are in Heaven as well as he, and ſo in place, they as well as hee are above the things below. But Chriſt muſt have the inhabited world, and All things ſo ſubject to him, and 'under him as they ſhall not be to Angels. So that if we heed the Text, and that which followes, the Apoſtle tells us, that in one way and ſenſe, Chriſt is exalted above all, viz. in his poſſeſſion of the higheſt Heaven, through ſufferings. But withall this is in another place then the inhabited world to come, viz. the world on earth yet to ſucceed, and upon another account then the preciſe formall dominion over it, viz. to taſte of death for every man. And it was in proſecution of a deſigne, verſe 10. viz. to bring many ſonnes to glory, not a perfecting of a thing finiſhed, viz. of the atchievement and attainment of his abſolute dominion on earth, over Turkes, Jewes, Papiſts, and Heathens, &c. But this muſt be, Chriſt and his members muſt have abſolute dominion over the world below, in that eſtate of it that is yet to come. foreign the habitation of the world is not to be ſubjected to the Angels (Heb. 2. v. 5.) They are but the Churches ſervants. It is an eſtate that is foreign to come after Pauls time, though Chriſt had before aſcended. But it muſt be ſubject to MAN, and the SONNE OF MAN, v. 6. God, foreign, made him a little lower, and foreign, for a little time. Chriſt, or Chriſtians were not lower at all then Angels in nature or ſpirituall condition, but onelyonly in outward dominion and ſtate of life (Phil. 2. Heb. 2.) and that but for a little time, till the time of that world to come on earth, which muſt be before the laſt day of judgement, for then is not any ſubjection of any thing to Saints, or Chriſt; but he, and ſo they to lay down all dominion, 1 Cor. 15.28.