Thirty-One Epigrams, Epigrams
Of Abbayes.
AS I walked alone
and muſed on thynges,
That hauehave in my time
bene done by great kings.
I bethought me of Abbayes
that ſometyme I ſawe,
Whiche are nowe ſuppreſſed
all by a lawe.
O Lorde (thought I then)
what occaſion was here,
To prouide for learninge
and make pouertye chere?
The landes and the Iewels
that hereby were hadde,
Would hauehave foūd godly prechers
whiche might well hauehave ladde:
The people aright
that nowe go aſtraye,
And hauehave fedde the pore
that famiſhe euerye daye.
But as I thus thought
it came to my mynde,
That the people wyll not ſe
but delite to be blynde,
Wherfore they are not worthy
good preachers to hauehave,
Nor yet to be prouided for
but ſtyll in vayne to craue.
Than ſayd I (O Lorde God)
make this time ſhorte,Mat. 24.
For their ſakes onelyonly Lorde
that be thy choſen ſort.
Of Alehouſes
NEades muſt we hauehave places
for vitailes to be ſolde,
For ſuch as be ſicke
pore, feble, and olde.
But lorde to howe greate
abuſe they be growne,
In eche lyttle Hamlet,
village, and towne.
They are become places
of waſte and exceſſe,
An herber for ſuch menne
as lyue in idlenes.
And lyghtlye in the contrey
they are placed ſo,
That they ſtande in mens waye
whan they ſhoulde to churche go.
And than ſuche as louelove not
to heare their faultes told
By the miniſter that readeth
the new teſtamente and olde.
Do turne into the alehouſe
and let the churche go.
Yea, and men accounted wiſe
and honeſte do ſo.
But London (God be prayſed)
all menne maye commend
Whiche doeth nowe this greate
enormitie emende
For in Seruice tyme
no dore ſtandeth vp,A cōmendation of London.
Where ſuche men are wonte
to fyll canne and cuppe.
Woulde God in the contrey
they woulde do the ſame
Eyther for goddes feare
or for worldely ſhame.
How hallow they the Saboth
that do the time ſpende,
In drynkinge and idlenes
tyll the daye be at an ende?
Not ſo well as he doeth
that goeth to the plowe,
Or pitcheth vp the ſheues
from the carte to the mowe.
Mat. xiiiBut he doeth make holye
the Sabothe in dede,
That heareth Goddes worde
and helpeth ſuche as nede.
Of Allayes.
TWo ſortes of Allayes
in London I finde,
The one agaynſte the lawe
and the other againſte kinde.
The firſte is where bowlinge
forbidden menne vſe,
And waſtynge their good
do their laboure refuſe.
A diſpraiſe of London.But in London (alas)
ſome men are deuilliſhelye
Suffered to profeſſe it,
as an arte to lyue by.
Well I wyll ſaye no more
but ſuche as lyue ſo,
And officers that ſuffer them
ſhall togither go.
To Satan their fire
for of god they are not,
Who commaundeth to laboure
ſyxe dayes ye wotte.Exo. xxiii.
And the ſeuenth he commaundeth
all menne to ſanctifie,
In beynge well occupied
and not idlelye
The other ſorte of Allayes
that be agaynſte kynde,Allayes agaynſte kynde.
Do make my herte wepe
whan they come to my mind.
For there are pore people
welmoſte innumerable,
That are dryuen to begge,
and yet to worcke they are able.
If they might hauehave althinges
prouided aright,
Alas, is not thys,
a greate ouer ſyght?
Ye Aldermen and other
that take Allaye rente
Why beſtowe ye not the riches
that god hath you ſente.
In woule or in flaxe
to finde them occupied
That nowe lye and begge
by euerye highe waye ſide.
And you that be chiefe
and hauehave the commune treaſure
Why can you neuer finde
a time of leaſure
To ſe where the treaſure
will finde them workinge
To the profit of the Citye
in ſome maner thinge
But (alas) this my tale,
is to deafe men tolde
For the charitie of rich men
is nowe thorowe colde.
And this is a Citye
in name, but in dede
It is a packe of people
that ſeke after mede.Loke the diffinitiō of a citye you that be ſerued
For officers and all
do ſeke their owne gaine,
But for the wealth of ye commons
not one taketh paine
An hell without order
I maye it well call
Where euerye man is for him ſelfe
and no manne for all.
Of Almes houſes.
A Marchaunte that longe tyme
hadde bene in ſtraunge landes
Returned to hys contrey
whiche in Europe ſtandes:
And in his returne
hys waye laye to paſſe,
By a Spittle houſe not farre from
where his dwelling was.
He loked for this hoſpitall
but none coulde he ſe,
For a Lordely houſe was builte
where the hoſpitall ſhoulde be.
Good Lorde (ſayd this marchaūt)
is my contrey ſo wealthy?
That the verye beggers houſes
be builte ſo gorgeouſlye?
Than by the waye ſyde
hym chaunced to ſe,
A pore manne that craued
of hym for charitie.
Whye (quod thys Marchaunt)
what meaneth thys thynge?
Do ye begge by the waye
and hauehave a houſe for a kynge?
Alas ſyr (quod the pore man)
we are all turned oute,
And lye and dye in corners
here and there aboute.
Men of greate riches,
hauehave bought our dwellinge place,
And whan we craue of them
they turne waye their face.
Lorde God (quod this marchaūt)
in Turkye hauehave I bene,
Yet emonge thoſe Heathen,
none ſuch crueltie hauehave I ſene
The vengeaunce of god
muſte fall, no remedye,
VponUpon theſe wicked men
and that verye ſhortelye.
Of Baylife Arrantes.
A Baylife there was
in the weſte contrey,
That did as they do
in all quarters men ſaye.
He ſerued with one wryte
an whole ſcore or twayne,
And toke in hande to excuſe them
hauinge pence for hys payne.
And when he ſhould warne a queſt
in ſeſſions to appeare,
He woulde ſurely warne them
that woulde make him no cheare.
And than take a bribe
to make anſwere for them,
But when he metie his frendes
than woulde he ſaye but hem.
But ſuch as had no cheare
nor money to paye
Were ſure to trudge,
to the ſeſſions alwaye.
The baylifes hadlandeYe muſt geue him ſome thynge.
to ſowe his hadlande
Or elſe ye can hauehave,
no fauoure at his hande.
Some puddyngis or Baken,
or cheſe for to eate
A buſhell of barley,
ſome malt or ſome wheate.
His hadland is good grownd,
and beareth all thynge
Be it Baken or beffe,
ſtockefyſhe or lynge.
Thus pore men are pold,
and pyld to the bare
By ſuch as ſhoulde ſerue them:
to kepe them from care.
Of Bawdes.
THe bawdis of the ſtues
be turned all out
But ſome thinke they inhabit,
al England through out
In tauerns and tiplyng houſes,
many myght be founde
If officers would make ſerch
but as they are bounde
Well let them take heede
I wyll ſay no more
But when god reuengeth
he puniſheth ſore
An horrible thynge,
it is for to fall
Into that Lordis handisHebr. x.
that is eternall
Of Beggers.
THe Beggars whome nede
compelleth to craue
Ought at our handis
ſome reliefe to hauehave
But ſuch as do counterfayt,
haueynge theyr ſtrength
To labour if they luſte,
beyng knowne at the length
Ought to be conſtrayned,
to worcke what they can
And lyue on theyr laboures
as beſemeth a chriſtyan
And if they refuſe
to worcke for theyr meate
i. Tim iiiThen ought they to faſte
as not worthy to eate
And ſuch as be ſore
and wyll not be healed
Oughte not many caſe
to be chariſhed
I heard of two beggars
Of two beggersthat vnderunder an hedge ſate
who dyd wyth longe talke
theyr matters debate.
They had boeth ſore legges
moſt lothſome to ſe
Al rawe from the fote
welmoſt to the knee
My legge, quod the one
I thank god is fayre
So is myne (quod the other)
in a colde ayre
For then it loketh rawe
and as redde as any bloud
I would not hauehave it healed
for any worldis good
For were it once whole
my lyuinge were gone,
And for a ſturdye begger
I ſhoulde be take anone.
No manne woulde pittye me
but for my ſore legge,
Wherfore if it were whole
I might in vaine begge.
I ſhoulde be conſtrained
to laboure and ſweate,
And perhaps ſometime
wyth ſchourges be beate.
Well (ſayde the tother)
lette vsus take hede therefore,
That we let them nor heate
but kepe them ſtyll ſore.
An other thynge I hearde
of a begger that was lame,Of an other begger.
Muche like one of theſe
if it were not the ſame.
Who ſyttinge by the fire
wyth the cuppe in hys hande.
Began to wonder whan
he ſhoulde be a good huſbande.
I ſhall neuer thriue
(quod this beger) I wene,
For I gate but .xvi.d. to daye
and hauehave ſpente eyghtene.
Well let the worlde wagge
we muſte neades hauehave drynke
Go fyll me this quarte pot
full to the brynke,
The tonge muſte hauehave baſtinge
it wyll the better wagge,
To pull a goddes penye
out of a churles bagge.
Yet ceſſe not to gyue to all
wythoute anye regarde,
Thoughe the beggers be wicked
thou ſhalte hauehave thy rewarde.
Of Bearbaytynge.
WHat follye is thys?
to kepe wyth daunger,
A greate maſtyfe dogge
and a foule ouglye Beare.
And to this onelye ende
to ſe them two fyght,
Wyth terrible tearynge
a full ouglye ſyght.
And yet me thynke thoſe men
be mooſte foles of all
Whoſe ſtore of money
is but verye ſmale.
And yet euerye ſondaye
they wyll ſurelye ſpende,
One penye or two
the bearwardes liuyng to mende.
At Paryſe garden eche ſondaye
a man ſhall not fayle,Pariſe garden
To find two or thre hundredes
for the bearwardes vaile.
One halpenye a piece
they vſe for to giuegive
When ſome hauehave no more
in their purſe I beleue.
Well, at the laſte daye
theyr conſcience wyll declare
That the pore ought to hauehave
all that they maye ſpare.
Eccle. iiiiFor God hathe commaunded
that what we maye ſpare,
Be geuen to the pore
that be full of care.
If you giuegive it therefore
to ſe a Beare fyght,
Be ye ſure goddes curſe
wyl vponupon you lyght.
Of Brawlers.
A Brawler that loueth
to breake the kinges peace,
And ſeke his owne ſorowe
his fanſye to pleaſe.
Is lyke a curre Dogge
that ſetteth vponupon
Eche maſtyfe and hounde
that he maye light on.
He getteth hym hatered
of euerye manne
And meteth with his maiſter
euer nowe and than.
To hurte other menne
he taketh greate payne:
He turneth no manne
to profite or gayne.
Except it be the Surgian
or the Armorer
The Baylife, the conſtable
or the Iayler.
This is a worthye membre
in a commune wealthe,
That to worcke other wo
will loſe his owne health.
What other men will iudge
I can not tell
But if he ſcape Tiburne
I thinke he wyll hange in hell.
Of Blaſphemous ſwerers.
THe ſonne of Syrach
wryteth playnelye,Eccl. xxiii
Of ſuche menne as do
ſweare blaſphemouſelye.
The manne that ſweareth muche
ſhall be fylled, ſayeth he,
Wyth all wicked maners
and iniquitie.
In the houſe of that manne
the plage ſhall not ceaſe,
He ſhall be ſtyll plaged
eyther more or leſſe.
Math. v.Chriſte biddeth all hys,
affirme and denye,
Wyth yea yea, nay naye,
affirmynge no lye.
What ſo euer ye adde more
(ſayeth he) cometh of euyll.
And is of the wycked
ſuggeſtion of the deuill.
But we can not talke
wythouten othes plentye
Some ſweare by gods nayles
hys herte and hys bodye,
And ſome ſweare his fleſhe,
hys bloude and his fote.
And ſome by his guttes
hys lyfe and herte rote.
Some other woulde ſeme
all ſwearynge to refrayne,
And they inuente idle othes
ſuch is their idle brayne.
By cocke and by pye
and by the goſe wynge
By the croſſe of the mouſe fote
and by ſa…ncre chyckyn.
And ſome ſweare by the deuell
ſuche is their blindenes,
Not knowynge that they cal
theſe thynges to wytnes.
Of their Conſciences in that
they affirme or denye,
So boeth ſortes commit
moſte abhominable blaſphemie.
Of the colier of Croydon.
IT is ſayde that in Croydon
there dyd ſometyme dwell,
A Colier that did
all other Coliers excell.
For his riches thys Colier
myghte hauehave bene a knight
But in the order of knighthode
he hadde no delyght.
Woulde god all our knightes
did minde colinge no more,
Than this Colier did knyghtyng
as is ſayde before.
For whan none but pore coliars
dyd wyth coales mell,
At a reaſonable pryce
They dyd theyr coales ſell.
But ſence oure knighte Coliars
hauehave hadde the firſte ſale
We hauehave payde muche money
and had fewe ſackes to tale.
A lode that of late yeres
for a royall was ſolde,
Wyll coſte nowe .xvi.s.
of ſyluer or golde.
God graunte theſe men grace
their pollynge to refrayne.
Or els brynge them backe
to theyr olde ſtate agayne.
And eſpeciallye the Colier
that at Croydon doth ſell,
For men thynke he is coſen
to the Coliar of hel.
Of Commotioners.
WHen the bodye is vexed
through humors corrupted
To reſtore it to helth
thoſe humours muſte be purged
For if they remayne
they wyll ſtyl encreaſe:
Euerye daye more and more
and augment the diſeaſe.
So that in ſhorte tyme
the bodye muſte decaye,
Excepte God gyue health
by ſome other waye.
Euen ſo doeth it fare
by the weale publike
Whyche chaunceth to be often
diſeaſed and ſycke.
Throughe the miſcheuous malyce
of ſuche menne as be,
Deſierous to breake
the publyke vnitie.
Eche publike bodye
muſte be purged therfore
Of theſe rotten humours
as is ſayde before.
Elſe wyll it decaye,
as do the bodies naturall
When rotten humours
hauehave infected them ouer all
But if the publyke bodie,
can not be purged well
By force of purgacion
as phiciſins do tell
When bodies be weake,
and ſo lowe brought
That by purgacion,
no health can be wrought
Then muſt there be ſought
ſome eaſyer waye
To kil ye ſtrength of thoſe humors
as phiaſians ſaye.
When the ſwerde wyll not helpe
in the commune wealth
To purge it of Commotioners
and brynge it to health.
Than muſte diſcrete counſel
fynde wayes to kyll,
The power of thoſe rebels
and lette them of their wyll.
And that muſte be by cheriſhynge
the humours naturall,
And by quyckenynge agayne
of the ſpirites vytall.
Whyche in the commune wealthe
are the ſubiectes true,
That do alwaye ſtudye
Sedition to eſchewe.
When theſe mē through cheriſhing
do growe and be ſtronge:
Than can not Commocioners
continue longe.
For as whan the ſtrength
of yll humours is kylled,
In a naturall bodye
they be ſone comſumed.
Or made of euill good
as it is playne to ſe:
So wyll it betyde
of ſuche menne as be.
In the commune wealth
geuen vntounto ſediſion,
When they ſe they cannot
finyſhe their intention.
And what is their power
but the people ignoraunte
Whom thei do abuſe
by their councelles malignaunt?
When the hertes of the people
be wonne to their prince,
Than can no commotioners
do hurte in hys prouince.
If thys will not helpe
than God wyll take cure,
And deſtroy theſe Commoſioners
we maye be right ſure.
Excepte the tyme be come
that the bodye muſte dye,
For than there canne be found
no maner remedy.
God graunte that oure ſynne
hauehave not broughte vsus ſo lowe,
That we be paſſe cure
god onelye doeth thys knowe.
And I truſte to ſe healthe agayne
if the finall ende,
Be not nowe nere at hande
whyche the Lorde ſhortelye ſende.
Of commen drunkardes.
ESaye lamenteth
and ſayeth oute alas
Muche wo ſhall betide you
that do youre tyme paſſe.Eſaye. v.
In eatinge and drinckynge
frome morninge to nighte,
Till none of your membres
canne do his office righte.
Woe be to you, ſayeth he,
that do ſo earlye riſe,
To fyll your ſelues with drincke
in ſuche beaſtelye wiſe
But if he were nowe liuynge
and ſawe this worldes ſtate,
He wold ſay this of our drunkards
that ſitte vp ſo late.
For fewe of oure drunckardes
do vſe to riſe earelye,
But muche of the nighte
they wyll drincke luſtelye.
Well,i. Cor. i. ſainte Paule doeth warne
all that be of pure mynde
To auoide drunckardes companye
where ſo euer they do them finde.
Se ye neyther eate nor drincke
wyth ſuche menne, ſayeth he,
That be geuen to drinkinge
what ſo euer they be,
But alas manye curates
that ſhoulde vsus thys tell
Do all their pariſhioners
in drynckynge excell.
Of commune Liars.
Sapi. i.SOlomon the ſage
in Sapience doeth ſaye
That the mouthe that lyeth
doeth the verye ſoule ſleye.
If the murderer of bodies
be worthye to dye,
The murderer of ſoules
ſhoulde not eſcape, trowe I.
For as the Soule doeth
the bodye excell
So is his treaſpace greater
that doeth the ſoule quell.
But Lyars (alas)
are nowe muche ſet by,
And thought to be menne
in a maner neceſſarie.
To be entertayned
of eche noble manne,
Who are muche delighted
wyth lyes nowe and than.
But thys delite will be ſorowe
I feare me at the laſte,
Whan the liar for hys liynge
into paines ſhall be caſte.
Of Dicears.
EMonge wyttye ſaiynges
this precept I finde,Cato.
To auoid and fle dice (my ſon)
hauehave euer in mynde.
For diceynge hath brought many
wealthye menne to care,
And manye ryche heyre
it hath made full bare.
Some menne it hath ſette vp
I will not denye,
And brought to more worſhip
than they be worthye.
God knoweth to what ende
he ſuffereth this thyng
Perchaunce to rewarde them
wyth hel at their endynge.
For doubtleſſe thoſe goodes
are gotten amiſſe
That are goten from him
that prodigall is.
And eſpecially at the dyce,
where boeth do intende
To get the others goodis,
or elſe his owne to ſpende.
Nowe if prodigalitye
or couetiſe be vyce
He can not but offend,
that playeth at the dyce
For be they two or mo,
thys thyng is certayne
Prodigalytie and couetiſe
do in them all raygne
Beſyde the wycked othes,
and the tyme myſpent
Wherof they thyncke they nede not
them ſelues to repent.
But thys I dare ſaye,
that though dyrynge were no ſin,
Nor the goodis myſgoten,
that men do therat wynne
Yet the othes that they ſwere
and the tyme myſpent
Shall be theyr damnacion
vnleſſe they repent.
Leaue of your vayne dyceyng
ye dycers therefore
For vnleſſe ye repent,
god hath vengeaunce in ſtore
And when ye thynke leaſt,
then wyl he pour it oute
And make you to ſtoupe,
be ye neuer ſo ſtoute.
Of double benificed men.
THe kynge of that realme,
where iuſtice doeth reygne
Peruſed olde ſtatutis,
that in bokis remayne.
And as he turned the boke,
him chaunced to ſe
That ſuche as hauehave benifices
ſhoulde reſidente be.
And hauehave their abidynge
whiles their lyfe ſhold endure
Emonge them ouer whom
god hath geuen them cure.
Than ſayde he to him ſelfe
I thynke well there is,
No lawe in thys realme
worſe obſerued than this.
Yet canne there nothynge
my flocke more decaye,
Than whan hirelynges ſuffer
my ſhepe to go aſtraye.
Then called he hys counſell
and tolde them his minde,
And willed that they ſhoulde
ſome remedye finde.
Who with good aduice
agreed on thys thinge,
That viſitours ſhoulde be ſent
with the power of the kynge
To punyſhe all ſuche
as herein dyd offende
Vnleſſe they were founde
thorowe wyllynge to amende.
Theſe viſitours found many ſtout
prieſtes, but chieflye one,Oſee. iiii
That hadde ſondrye benifices
but woulde ſurrender none.
Than was this ſtoute felowe
brought to the kynge,
Who ſaide vntounto hym,
ſyr howe chaunceth this thing?
Wil ye tranſegreſſe my lawes
and than diſobeye:
Menne hauing my power?
ſyr what canne you ſaye?
If it may like your grace (quod he)
loe here is to ſe,
Your ſeale at a graunte
of a pluralitie.
Wel, ſaide the kinge than,
I repente me of all yll:
But tell me maiſter doctoure
wil you hauehave your benifices ſtyl?
If your grace do me righte (ꝙ he)
I muſt hauehave them my life tyme,
So ſhalt thou (quod the kynge)
for to morow by pryme
God wyllynge, thy body,
ſhalbe diuided and ſent
To ech benifice a piece,
to make the reſident.
Away wyth him (quod the kyng)
and let al thyngis be done
As I hauehave geuen ſentence,
to morower none
For ſyth thou arte a ſtoute prieſt
an example thou ſhalt be
That all ſtouburne prieſtes,
may take warnyng by the.
Of the Exchecker
IN the weſte parte of Europe
there was ſometyme a kynge
That had a courte for receyte,
of money to him belonging.
But the miniſters for that Court,
dyd longe & many a daye
Take brybes to beare wt ſuche mē
as ſhould forfaytis pay.
At the laſte to the kynge,
this theyr falſhode was tolde
By ſuch as about him,
were faythful and bolde.
Then dyd the kynge ſend,
for theſe miniſters yll
And layed all theyr treaſpaſes,
before them in a byl.
Then were they abaſhed,
and had nought to ſay
But cried for his pardon,
but he bade awaye.
Ye hauehave borne wt theues,
and hauehave robbed me
And ſuffered my commons,
impoueryſhed to be.
No ſtatute could cauſe,
offendars to emende
Becauſe you dyd beare wyth them
when they dyd offende.
Awaye wyth them all,
laye them faſt in priſone
Tyll we hauehave determined,
what ſhall wyth them be done.
What iudgment they had,
I hauehave not hearde yet.
But well I wot they deſerued,
a tiburne typpet.
Of Fatterars.
A Flatterynge frende,
is worſe then a foe.
For a frende is betruſted,
when the other is not ſo.
Of an open enimie,
a man may be ware,
ii. Re. iii.when the flatteryng frend,
wyl worcke men much care.
For if Abner had knowne,
what was in Ioabs herte.
I do not doubt but he would,
hauehave out of his waye ſterte.
Or at the leaſte he would not,
hauehave admitted him ſo ny:
As to be embraced of him,
and on his dagger to dye.
Wherefore I aduertiſe
al men to be ware
Of all flatterynge frendis,
that bryng men to care.
As for open ennimies,
truſt them if ye wyll,
I can not forbyd you,
to admyt your owne yll.
Woulde god all men woulde,
ſuch flatterars trye:
As hange at theyr elbowes
to get ſome what therby.
But (alas) nowe adayes,
men of honour do promote:
Many a falſe flatterynge,
and lewde harlot.
Whych thynge may at the lengthe
be theyr owne decay.
For if the wynde turne,
the flatterars wyll awaye.
The ſwallowe in ſommer
wyll in your houſe dwell,
But when wynter is commynge
ſhe wyll ſaye farewell.
And when the ſhort dayes,
begyn to be colde
Robyn red breaſt wyll come hom…
to you and be verye bolde.
But whan ſomer returneth
and buſhes waxe grene,
Then Robyn your manne
will no more be ſene.
So ſome of your flatterers
will in proſperitie,
Be of your houſholde
and of your familie.
And ſome other wyll
whan nede doeth them payne
Sue to do you ſeruice
till they be wealthy againe.
Of Foles.
THe preacher ſayth thus
Eccle. iiiia pore wittye ladde,
Is better than an olde kyng
whoſe wytte is but badde.
The wiſe manne in pouertie
is righte honorable,
Whan the fole in his riches
is worthie a bable.
Some foles there be of nature
that vnderſtande noughte,
And ſome vnderſtande thinges
But do conceiue in their thought
That they them ſelues be wiſeſt
whiche follye paſſeth all,
And doeth ſone appeare
boeth in greate and ſmale.
Theſe foles wyll heare no mans
reade or counſell,
And whatſoeuer they thē ſelues do
is exceadynge-well.
But other mens doinges
they wyll euer diſpraiſe
None other can do oughte
that maye their myndes pleaſe.
And further they thinke
it becommeth them well
In euerye mannes matter
them ſelues to entermell.
And whan they come in place
where is anye talke,
No man ſhall hauehave time to ſpeake,
their tonges ſhall ſo walke.
Of theyr owne dedis and goodis,
they wyll brage and boſte
And declare all theyr myſhaps,
and what they hauehave loſte.
If ye tell them of theyr fautes,
then wyl they nedis fyght
Ye muſte ſaye as they ſaye,
be it wronge or ryght
In fyne ye muſt prayſe them
and ſet forth theyr fame
And how ſo euer they do,
Ye may them not blame.
If ye tell them of knowledg,
they ſaye they lacke none
And wyſhe they had leſſe,
and then they make mone
For the loſſe of vayne toyes,
where in they delyte
And then if ye reaſone farre,
beware, they wyll fyght
All wiſe men take hede,
and ſhunne theyr companye
For of all other men,
they are moſte vngodly
Of Foreſtallers.
THe fryſes of Walis
to Bryſtow are brought
But before they are wouen
in walis they are boughte
So that now we do paye,
four grotis or elſe more
For the fryſe we hauehave bought,
for eight pens heretofore
And ſome ſaye the woule,
is bought ere it do growe
And the corne long before,
it come in the mowe.
But one thyng there is,
that hurteth moſt of all.
Many offices are bought,
longe ere they fall.
And ryght ſo are benefices,
in eueryevery coaſte.
So that perſons and vicars,
kepe neyther ſod nor roaſte.
The pore of the pariſh,
whom the perſon ſhould fede.
Can hauehave nought of our tythis,
to ſuccoure their nede.
Reuertions of farmes
are bought on eche ſyde,
And the old tenaunt muſt pay well
if he wil abide.
And where the father payd a penye
and a Capon or twayne,
The ſonne muſt paye ten pounde
thys paſſeth my brayne
Well, let theſe foreſtallers
repente them betime,
Leaſte the clarke of the market
be with them ere prime.
For he when he commeth
will puniſhe them all,
That do anie neadefull thinge
ingroſſe or foreſtall.
For well I wotte this
when he wente laſte away
He ſente vsus his ſeruaunte
and thus did he ſaye.
i. Cor. x.Se that amonge you
none ſeke his owne gayne,
But profite eche other
wyth trauayle and payne.
Of Godleſſe men.
HOlye Dauid that was
boeth prophete and kinge
Sawe in hys tyme
(as appeareth by hys writinge)
That in thoſe daies
there were men of wicked hert,Pſal. viii
That did all godlye wayes
vtterlye peruerte.
And ſo there are nowe
the pitye is the more,
That lyue more carnallye
than euer men did before.
Theſe men (ſayeth kinge Dauid)
in their hertes do ſaye,
Surelye there is no God
let vsus take our owne waye.
Thus iudged kynge Dauid
and that for good ſkyll
Bicauſe he ſawe their worckes
were wycked and euyll.
They are (ſayeth he) corrupt
and nought in all theyr wayes
Not one that doeth good.
and therfore he ſayes
That they thyncke there is no god
theyr worckis do declare
For to do the thynge that good is
they hauehave no maner care.
But what would Dauid ſaye,
if he were in theſe dayes,
when men wyll do Ill,
and iuſtifie theyr yll weyes?
They leaue the good vndone,
and do that yll is.
And then they call that yll good,
what woulde Dauid ſaye to this?
I know not what Dauid
would ſaye in this caſe.
But I knowe that good Eſay,
doeth curſſe them apaſe.
Eſai. v.Woe, ſayth this prophete,
to them that in do call.
That thyng good that euell is
but this is not all.
He ſayeth woe to them,
that call dearckenes lyghte.
Preferryng theyr fanſey,
before the worde of myght
If they fynde a thynge wrytten
in Paul, Luke or Iohn
Or any other ſcripture,
they wyll ther of none:
Except they may eaſily,
perceyue and ſe.
That wyth theyr fleſhly fanſey,
they may make it agre.
All other textis of ſcripture,
they wyll not ſtycke to deny.
Yea ſome of them wyll,
god and his ſcripture defie.
And ſay they wyll make merie here
for when they be gone,
They can hauehave no ioye,
for ſoule they hauehave none.
If theſe menne be not godles
muche maruell hauehave I,
Well, the cauſe is the Lordes
lette hym and them trye.
I knowe at the laſte
they ſhall fynde him to ſtrong.
The daye of his vengeaunce,
wyll not tarye longe.
Of Idle perſons
IDlenes hath ben cauſe
Eccle 33of much wyckednes.
As Eccleſiaſticus,
doeth playnely wytnes.
Idle perſons therfore,
can not be all cleare.
As by the ſtorie of Sodome,
it doeth well appeare
But that we may come nere,
to our owne age
The Idlenes of Abbays,
made them outrage.
Yet let vsus come nere,
euen to the tyme preſent.
And ſe what myſchyfe,
Idle perſons do inuent.
What cōſpiracies hauehave bē wroght
wythin this lyttle whyle.
By Idle men that dyd,
the commons begyle.
And what hauehave Idle men,
alwaye practiſed.
To breake the peace of prynces,
that they myght be hyered.
I wyll not ſaye what,
the Idlenes of prieſtis hath done
Nor yet the Idlenes,
of ſeruantis in London
Let euerie man ſearch,
his owne houſhold well,
And whether the thynge,
be true that I tell.
Yea what abuſe dyde euer,
emonge the people rayne.
But the ſame dyd fyrſt ſprynge.
out of an Idle brayn.
Idlenes therfore,
maye ryghte well be named
The gate of all miſchiefe
that euer was framed.
Ye maiſters and fathers therfore
that feare God omnipotente,
Kepe youre families occupied
leaſte ye be ſhente.
For if thorowe their idlenes
they fall into outrage,
Your iudgemente ſhall be ſtrayght,
for they ar cōmitted to your charge
Kepe them therfore ſtyll occupied,
in doynge youre buſines.
Or els in readynge or hearyng
ſome bokes of Godlines.
And woulde god the maieſtrates
woulde ſe men ſet a worke,
And that within thys realme
none were ſuffered to lurke.
This realme hath thre cōmodities
woule, tynne, and leade,
Which beīg wrought wt in ye realme
eche man might get his bread.
¶ Of inuenters of ſtraūge newes.
SOme men do delite
ſtraunge newes to inuente,
Of this mannes doynge
and that mannes intente.
What is done in Fraunce
and in the Emperours lande,
And what thinges the Scotes
are nowe takynge in hand.
What the kynge and hys counſell,
do intende to do,
Thoughe for the moſte parte
it be nothynge ſo.
Suche men cauſe the people
that els woulde be ſtyll,
To murmure and grudge
whiche thinge is verye yll.
Yea,We ſawe the experience of thys of late. ſometyme they cauſe
the people to ryſe,
And aſſemble them ſelues
in moſte wicked wyſe.
In Plato hys commune wealth
ſuche men ſhoulde not dwell,
For Poets and Oratours
he dyd expel.
Oh that theſe newes bryngers
hadde for their rewarde,
Newe halters of hempe
to ſette them forwarde.
¶ Of Lay mē that take tithes, and prieſtes that vſe their tythes priuatelye.
VVhan Iuſtice beganne
in iudgemente to ſitte,
To puniſhe all ſuche menne
as faultes did committe.
Than was there a manne
before hyr accuſed,
For tithes that he toke,
and priuatelye vſed.
Whan due profe was hadde
and the thynge manifeſte,
The witneſſes ſworne,
and the treſpace confeſte.
Then gaue the Iudge iudgment
and theſe wordes he ſpake
Se that from this Caytife
all his goodes ye take.
For ſeing he made that priuate
that commune ſhoulde be,
He ſhall hauehave this iuſtice
by the iudgemente of me.
Thoſe pore men that by the tythes
ſhoulde be releeued
Shal hauehave al hys goods
emonge them deuided.
And bicauſe he ſhewed no mercye,
no mercye ſhall he hauehave,Iacob. ii.
The ſentence is geuen,
go hange vp the ſlaue.
Of Leaſemongers.
OF late a Leaſemonger
of London lay ſicke,
And thinckinge to dye
his conſcience did hym pricke.
Wherefore he ſayde thus
wyth hym ſelfe ſecretely,
I will ſ…nd for a preacher
to knowe what remedye.
But whiles he thus laye
he fell in a ſlumbre,
And ſawe in his dreame
pore folke a great numbre.
Whoe ſayde they had learned thys,
at the preachers hande,
To paye all with patience
that their Landelordes demaunde.
For they for their ſufferaunce
in ſuche oppreſſion,
Are promiſed rewarde
in the reſurrection.
Where ſuche as take leaſes
them ſelues to aduaunce,
Are certayne to hauehave hell,
by ryghte inheritaunce.
Of Marchauntes.
IF Marchauntes wold medle,
wyth Marchaundice onelye,
And leaue farmes to ſuch men
as muſte lyue therebye.
Then were they moſte worthye
to be hadde in pryce,
As menne that prouide vsus,
of all kyndes Marchaundice.
But ſythe they take farmes
to lette them out agayne,
To ſuche men as muſte hauehave them
thoughe it be to their payne.
And to leauye greate fines
or to ouer the rente,
And purchaſe greate landes
for the ſame intente:
We muſte neades call them
membres vnprofitable,
As menne that woulde make
all the realme miſerable.
Howe they leaue of their trade
and lende oute their money
To yonge Marchaunte menne
for greate vſurye,
Whereby ſome yong men
are dryuen to leaue all,
And do into moſte extreme
pouertye fall:
It greueth me to wryte,
but what remedie?
They muſte heare their faulte
ſythe they be ſo greadye.
And thus I ſaye to them
and true they ſhall it fynde,
The Lorde wyll hauehave all
their yll doynges in mynd.
And at the laſte daye
whan they ſhall ariſe.
All ſhall be layde playne
before theyr owne eyes.
Where iudgemente ſhall be geuen
Iacob. ii.as ſaynte Iames doeth wytnes.
Wythoute all mercye,
to ſuche as be merciles.
¶ Of men that hauehave diuers offices
WHan the Citye of Rome
was ruled aryght,
As aunciente Autours
do recorde and wryte
Ambition was puniſhed
wyth vtter exile
Yet were there ſome that did
venter ſome whyle.
But we reade not of anye
that euer wente aboute,
To hauehave two offices at once
were they neuer ſo ſtout.
But alas in this Realme
we counte hym not wyſe,
That ſeketh not by all meanes
that he canne deuiſe.
To racke offices togither
wythoute anye ſtaye,
But Chriſte ſhal ſay to theſe menne
at the laſte daye.
Geue accoūts of your Baliwickes
ye menne wythoute grace,Luke. xvi
Ye that ſought to be rulers
in euerye place.
Geue accountes of your Baliwike
for come is the daye,
That ye muſte leaue youre offices
and walke your fathers waye.
Of Nice wyues.
THe ſonne of Sirache
of women doeth ſaye,Eccl. xxvi
That their nicenes & hordom
is perceiued alwaye.
By their wanton lokes
and liftynge vp of eyes,
And their lokinge aſcoye
in moſte wanton wiſe.
And in the ſame
Ieſus Syrach I fynde
That the gate and the garmentEccle. xi
do declare the mynd.
If theſe thyngis be true,
as no doubt they be.
What ſhold we thynk of the womē
that in London we ſe?
For more wanton lokis,
I dare boldly ſaye.
Were neuer in Iewiſh whores,
then in London wines this day
and if the gate and the garmentis,
do ſhew any thynge.
Our wyues do paſſe theyr whoris,
in whorlyke deckyng.
I thyncke the abhominable,
whores of the ſtewes
Dyd neuer more whorelyke,
attyerments vſe.
A cappe on hir head,
lyke a ſowes mawe.
Such an other facion,
I thyncke the Iewe, neuer ſaw.
Then fyne geare on the forehead,
ſet after the new tryk.
Though it coſt a crown or two.
what then? they maye not ſtycke.
If theyr heyre wyl not take colour
then muſt thei by newe.
And laye it oute in tuſſockis,
this thynge is to true.
At ech ſyde a tuſſocke,
as bygge as a ball.
A very fayre ſyght
for a fornicator beſtiall,
Hyr face faire paynted,
to make it ſhyne bryght.
And hyr boſome all bare,
and moſte whorelyke dight.
Hyr mydle braced in,
as ſmale as a wande:
And ſome bye waſtes of wyre
at the paſte wyues hande.
A bumbe lyke a barrell
wyth whoopes at the ſkyrte,
Hyr ſhoes of ſuch ſtuffe
that maye touche no dyrte.
VponUpon hyr whyte fyngers
manye rynges of golde,
Wyth ſuche maner ſtones
as are moſt dearlye ſolde.
Of all their other trifles
I wyll ſaye nothynge,
Leaſte I hauehave but ſmall thanckes
for thys my writynge.
All modeſte Matrons
I truſte wyll take my parte,
As for nice whippers wordes
ſhall not come nye my hert.
I hauehave tolde them but trueth
let them ſaye what they wyll,
I hauehave ſayde they be whore like
and ſo I ſaye ſtill.
Of Obſtinate Papiſtes
AN obſtinate Papiſte
that was ſometyme a Frier
Hadde of his Friers cote
ſo greate a deſire.
That he ſtale out of England
and wente to Louayne.
And gate his Fryers cote
on his foles backe agayne.
A wilfull Begger
this papiſt wyll be.
A fole and a fryer,
and thus is one man three.
Would god all the papiſtis,
that he lefte behynd.
Where wyth him in fryes cotis,
accordyng to theyr kynde.
Or els I would they were,
wyth theyr father the pope.
For whylſe they be in England,
they do but lyue in hope.
And except they myght get,
the Bible boke burned.
Into diſpeyre theyr hope,
wyll ſhortly be turned.
God graunte them the grace
this hope to forſake,
And their naturall prynce
for their heade to take.
Forſakinge the Pope,
wyth all hys peltrye:
Whiche of longe tyme
they hauehave ſette ſo much by.
Of rente rayſers.
A Manne that had landes
of tenne pounde by yere
Surueyed the ſame
and lette it out deare.
So that often pounde
he made well a ſcore,
Moe poundes by the yere
than other did before.
But whan he was tolde
what daunger it was
To oppreſſe hys tenauntes
he ſayde he did not paſſe.
For thys thynge he ſayde
full certaynelye he wyſte,
That wyth hys owne he myghte,
alwayes do as he liſte.
But immediatlye I trowe
thys oppreſſoure fyl ſicke:
Luke. xviOf a voyce that he hearde
geue accountes of your Baliwicke.
Of Vayne wryters, vaine talkers and vaine hearers.
OF late as I laye
and lacked my reſte,
At ſuche time as Titan
drewe faſte to the Eaſte.
Thys ſayinge of Chriſte
came into my minde,
Whyche certayne and true
all maner menne ſhall fynde.
Of euerye idle worde
ye ſhall geue a rekeninge.Mat. xii.
Be it ſpoken by mouthe,
or put in wrytynge.
O Lorde (thought I then)
what caſe be they in,
That talke and write vaynely
and thinke it no ſinne?
Than ſlombred I a little
and thoughte that I ſawe,
Thre ſortes of vayne menne
condempned by gods lawe.
The one was a writer
of thynges nought and vayne.
And an other a talker
and thys was theyr paine.
The wryter hadde the crowne
of hys heade opened,
Whoſe braynes wyth a ſtycke
the talker ſtyrred.
And he wyth boeth handes
drewe the talkers tonge,
ſo that without hys mouthe
it was an handefull longe.
The thirde was an herkener
of fables and lyes,
Whoſe eares were almoſt
drawen vp to hys eyes.
Of vnſaciable purchaſers.
AN vnreaſonable ryche manne
dyd ryde by the way,
Who for lacke of menne
hadde wyth hym a boye.
And as he paſte by a paſture
moſt pleaſaunte to ſe,
Of late I hauehave purchaſed
thys grounde Iacke, quod he,
Marye maiſter (quod the boye)
men ſaye ouer all,
That your purchaſe is greate
but your houſholde is ſmal.
Why Iacke (quod this riche man)
what hauehave they to do?
Woulde they hauehave me to purchaſe
and kepe greate houſe to?Luk. xiiii
I can not tell (quod the boye)
what maketh them to brawle.
But they ſaye that ye purchaſe
the Deuill, his dame and all.
Of Vſurers.
A Certaine man hadde landes
little thoughe it were,
And yet wold faine hauehave liued
lyke a gentlemans peare.
Of thys lande he made ſale
and toke readye golde,
And let that for double the rente
of the lande that was ſolde.
Than came there a broker,
and ſaide if he woulde do:
As he woulde aduiſe hym,
he ſhoulde make of one penye two.
Marye that woulde I fayne do
(quod this vſurer than)
I praye the teache me
the feate if thou can.
You ſhall (ſayde thys broker)
lende but for a monethes day:
And be ſure of
a ſuffitiente gage alwaye.
Wyth a plaine bill of ſale
if the day be not kept,
And ſe that ye do
no cauſes accepte.
Than muſte you be ſure
that your intereſte be
One penye for a ſhyllynge
and thre pence for three.
So by the yeres ende
twelue moneths geue twelue pens
For the vſe of a ſhyllinge
lo I hauehave tolde you al ſens.
Than ſaide this vſurer
this matter goeth well,
For my twentye pounde lande
that I chaunced to ſell.
I ſhall hauehave foure hundred
pounde rente by the yere,
To lyue lyke a Lorde
and make iolye chere.
Than came there a Prophete
and tolde thys manne plaine
That heauen is no place,Pſal. xv.
for ſuche vnlawefull gayne.
Why ſir (quod this Vſurer)
it is my liuynge,
Yea ſyr (quod this Prophet)
but it is not youre calling.
You are called to liue
after twentye pounde by yere,
And after that rate
ye ſhoulde meaſure your chere.
Tyll god did encreaſe you
by his mercifull wayes,
By encreaſynge youre corne
and youre cattell in the leyes.
Whych encreaſe wyth your landes
you are bounde to employe,
To the profite of all them
that do dwell you bye.
Ye are not borne to your ſelfe
neither maye you take
That thinge for youre owne
where of God did you make.
But Stuarde and Baylife
that ſhall yelde a rekeninge,
At the daye of Iudgemente,
Luke. xvifor euerye thynge.
And do ye not doubte
but then ye ſhall knowe,
Whether ye maye your goodes
at youre pleaſure beſtowe.
And whether ye maye vſe
wayes wicked and yll,
To encreaſe your riches
at youre owne will.
But chieflye to lende
youre goodes to vſurie,
Is a thinge that you ſhall
moſte dearelye abye.
For Chriſte ſaieth in Luke
that the Heathen do ſo,
Luke. vi.Take hede leſt ye flytte
frome pleaſure to woe.
Finis.
End of the text · Robert Crowley, Thirty-One Epigrams (1550)