Sin Stigmatized, Title page 1 – Part 1
SINNE STIGMATIZD: OR, The Art to
Know ſavingly,
Believe rightly,
Live Religiouſly,
Taught both by ſimilitude and contrariety from a ſerious ſcrutiny or ſurvey of The
Profound Humaniſt,
Cunning Polititian,
Cauterized Drunkard,
Experimentall Chriſtian:
Wherein the beauties of all Chriſtian graces are illuſtrated by the blackneſſe of their oppoſite vices.
Alſo, That enmity which God proclaimed in Paradiſe betweene the ſeed of the Serpent and the ſeed of the Woman, unvailed and anatomized.
Whereunto is annexed, Compleat Armor againſt evill ſociety: together with the skill, will, and induſtry of leud ones in tempting to ſinne, and drawing to perdition.
The which may ſerve alſo for a common place booke of the moſt uſuall vertues and vices: or as a repoſitory of rhetoricall figures and formes of ſpeech.
By R. Junius.
LONDON, Printed for G. Latham at the ſigne of the Biſhops head in St. Pauls Church-yard. 1639.
THE DRUNKARD'S CHARACTER, OR, A TRUE DRUNKARD with ſuch ſinnes as raigne in him, viz.
Pride.
Ignorance.
Enmity.
Atheiſme.
Idleneſſe.
Adultery.
Murther.
with many the like.
Lively ſet forth in their colours.
TOGETHER WITH COMPLEAT ARMOVR AGAINST EVILL SOCIETY.
The which may ſerve alſo for a Commonplace-booke of the moſt uſuall ſinnes.
By R. Iunius.
LONDON, Printed by R. Badger, for George Latham, at the Biſhops-head in S. Pauls Cuhrchyard. 1638.
TO THE RIGHT REVEREND FATHER IN GOD, JOSEPH, Lord Biſhop of Exceter.
Right Reverend Father,
ANd no leſse honoured Lord. I ſee many make uſe of your lines, few acknowledge, none return to give thanks: but no cheating, like the fellony of wit; for hee which theeves that, robs the owner, and cooſens all that heare him. Why I preſume to make uſe of your name, is not hard to divine; your intereſt being ſo juſt, and great, both in the man, and matter: it is not my reſpect onelyonly, but your right; and for encouragement, your own words may ſerve mee for a ſufficient both plea, and protection. It is your Lordſhips, that preſents of love, feare not to be ill taken of ſtrangers, Nor could I more fitly dedicate this Book, which (ſo much croſsing the ſtream of natur all corruption) may happily provoke ſome inſolent, yea, potent offenders.
I cannot ſo over eſteeme theſe lines, as to hold them worthy your judicious eyes, much leſſe your patronage: yet, as the caſe ſtandeth with mee, it would bee no leſſe then injurious, not to look ſo high; and I ſhould offend, if I preſumed not. Benefits received, are bonds obligatory: and if ſo, both my duty and thankfulneſſe make my beſt ſervices your debt, and if neither of theſe, my moſt endeared affection: VVhether ſhould the River return, if not to the Ocean, from whence it received it's ſtreams? And I have not alone watered my Garden from your Fountain; but a great part of this my Candles light, took it's being (next the Element of Gods word) from the ſhining Lamp of your Workes. Many of theſe are Flowers from your Garden, Sciences from your Orchard, I have taken a great part of my Seed from your Granary: if I ſhall ſeeme to ſaucy, in plucking and taking them, without leave from the owner; I humbly crave, that reſtitution and acknowledgment may ſerve for part of amends. If this Poſie and new fruit anſwer your ſent and taſt, I have obtained my deſire: or if the graine of this new Crop chance to differ, impute the fault to the Soyle, and Seeds-man; though it was not my purpoſe to impaire the quality, by improving the quantity.
Briefly, as the Bee gathers from one Flower, Wax; from another, Honey; from a third, Bee-Glew, and bringeth to her Hive that which is profitable from all: ſo have I (under correction) filch't from your Lordſhips worthy Workes, and other Authors, (both divine and humane, whether Ancients or Neotericks) whatſoever elegant Phraſes, pithy Sentences, curious Metaphors, witty Apothegmes, ſweet Similitudes, or Rhetoricall expreſsions I could meet withal, pertinent, wholeſome, and delectable, wherewith to enamell this Treatiſe of mine: ſo that you may almoſt ſay of it, as Apollodorus was wont to ſay of Chryſippus his Bookes, That if other mens ſentences were left out, the Pages would be void: and others cannot but reſemble it to Horace his Daw, which was dreſt and pranked in other Birds feathers, being otherwiſe naked and bare: nay, my ſelfe will acknowledge, that to this Noſegay of ſtrange Flowers, I have put little of mine owne, but the Thread to bind them; and that to all this Frame, I have not much more then made the Pins, which faſten the joynts together; for moſt of the materials were ſquared and faſhioned to my hand, by more judicious workmen: it is but borrowed Mettal, caſt into a new mould. Yet pardon me, he who hath but a Cock-boat to ſayle in, muſt not go far from the ſhore: and ſuch as want a ſtock of their own, are forced to borrow, and trade with other mens money. Peradventure the Magazine of my memory is better furniſhed with matter, then the Store-houſe of my invention; yet each are ſo meanly, as I am forced both to pity and diſdaine my felfe.
Who knoweth not, that the ſuggeſtion of one new thought, is harder, and better, then many repeated? wherein your Lordſhip excelleth ſome other of my Authors, as the Sunne in brightneſſe the reſt of the Planets. It is reported of Epicurus, that in three hundred Volumes, which he left behind him, he had not made uſe of one Allegation: who, in our times, doth reſemble him more then your Lordſhip, leſſe then my ſelfe? yet this I will avouch in mine owne praiſe, that I love wiſdome, and honour learning, as much as they that have them. And for my defence, if in reaſons, compariſons, and arguments, I tranſplant any into my Soyle: I am no thiefe in it: ſince I either ſay, or am ready to acknowledge of whom I had them. I have ſo made uſe of other mens wits, as you may ſee I doe not ſteale, but borrow. I deſire not to conceale their names, as naughty women do the right fathers of their children; though I confeſſe, many of my Authors names, and places, of what I have hudled up together, are by me ſo abſolutely forgotten; that he which would know of me whence they are taken, and from whom I had them, would greatly put me to my ſhifts: yet have I not beg'd them but at honourable and well known gates; they are all, or almoſt all, ſo famous, that, me thinks, they ſufficiently name themſelves, without me; for they are both rich, and they alſo come from rich and worthy hands; wherein Authority doth concurre with reaſon. But of all the reſt, it is eaſie for any, that have been converſant in your Lordſhips Bookes, to know by the ſmell of each Flower, which hath had the aſpect of your Sunne.
Neither (if I ſhall ſpeak ingenuouſly) had this Web ever beene, but for the Silke, which I found ready ſpun from your worthy breaſts. I had ſuff red ſh pwrack on the firſt ſhore, but that I was ſteered by ſo good a Pilot, as your ſelfe, by whoſe Compaſſe I have ſecurely ſailed, and (though ſometimes weather-beaten) ſafely arrived at my expected Haven Yea, my Molde was ſo kindly bedewed with your heavenly cottemplations; when it was S…n burnt; and ſo gently thawed by your divine Meditations, and other obſervations, when it was Froſt-bound, that the earth it ſelf would cauſe me bluſh, if I ſhould not preſent you with the firſt, or beſt fruits.
Not that my ambition, or hope doth ſo far tranſport me, as to think it worthy your ſerious ſurveigh, whoſe houres are taken up with more excellent and heavenly notions: much leſse able to add the leaſt gleame, to what you know: ſuch a fond conceit were as abſurd, as to light a T…per to the Sun, to teach an Eagle to fly a Dolphin to ſwime, or with Phormio the Philoſopher, to read a Lecture of Souldiery to Hannibal, the moſt expert warrier of his time, and I might he worthily laught at for my labour, as he was: I only offer it to your cenſure and diſpoſe, that it might the rather creep forth, under the ſafe conduct of your goodneſſe, unto the hands and uſe of others; and even therein feare alſo, that I have coveted too high, and intruded too much on your Lordſhips more weighty affaires.
Indeed, to alter a little of what is yours, would interdict mee all Apologie, ſince that were to uſe the penſill upon a picture finiſhed by Apelles; or to write the destruction of Troy after Homer, which with eaſe may be marred, but cannot be mended. Suppoſe, with Epicurus, you loath to repeate any thing againe, be it never ſo pleaſing, or profitable; as it appeares by your compoſitions you do: yet far be it from you, to barre others that benefit; when the ſame God, by whoſe Spirit your Pen was guided, gave command, that his children ſhould lay up his words in their hearts and ſouls, bind them upon their hands, and between their eyes, teach them their children, repeat them ſitting and walking, lying down, and riſing up, yea, write them upon the posts and gates of their houſes.
Beſides, experience ſhewes that the oftner theſe Nayles are hammered, the deeper they pierce; and pierce too deep they cannot; for five words remembred are better then a thouſ and forgotten; and every help to our devotion, deſerves to be precious. It was an env…ous humour (not befitting your Lordſhips worth, whoſe ayme is God's glory, not your owne) which cauſed Alexander to bee angry with Ariſtotle, for making his Bookes common: and a peeviſh condition, which made Aſpendius, that cunning Muſitian, to play always ſo ſoftly on his Harpe, that none could heare but himſelfe. Ʋertue is deſtributive, and had rather accommodate many, with ſelfe-injury, then bury benefits, that might pleaſure a multitude; and that which is good of it ſelfe, is ſo much the better, by how much the more it is communicated; yea, to conceale goodneſse is a vice.
I need not tel your Lordſhip, that gray adviſements in a fine filed phraſe, are like, Aire, Fire, Water, the more breathed, the clearer; the more extended, the warmer; the more drawne, the ſweeter; or the bright Sun, whoſe beames are not the worſe, for ſhining in every corner, but the places the better.
If then I detract not from their worth, who may not benefit by their uſe? in which my care and deſire was, with the Bee, to inrich my ſelfe and others, without prejudice to any one flower. Put caſe I have fagotted and piled one thing upon another independantly, and without forme, or order; precious ſtones willſhine, though ſet in Lead; and linkes of Gold, have their true value and luſtre, though a bungler make the chaine.
Indeed, if in borrowing the matter, I impaire the forme, (as many times it commeth to paſſe, that ſentences tranſlated, or repeated, doe, like ſilke twiſe dyed, looſe their gloſſe) if I adulterate, or ſophiſticate any one peece, let the Author reward me, as Archelaus and Philoxenus did ſome, which ſang their meeters illfavouredly and undecently, who either kickt them on the ſhinns, or broke their potts, uſing theſe words, you breake mine, I breake yours; or as learned Muſurus Candiot ſerved Marſilius Ficinus, in correcting his tranſlation of Plato, all over with a Sponge, finding it to imitate the copy originall, no more then Cicero the younger did his Father, which was only in name; or take the ſame courſe with my Book, which Philoxenus did with a Tragedy, that Dionyſius ſent him to correct; who finding it not worthy to bee publiſhed, tooke a knife and raſed it in peeces. For praiſe, I ſeeke none, as I have deſerved none; and I am ſo farre from expecting thanks, as that I humbly crave pardon; yea, a condition all acceptance is all I aske.
Wherefore vouchſafe it your favourable aſpect; and let this meane, but faithfull teſtimony of my humble thankfulneſse, be ſhrowded under the wings of your learned Patrociny; as was Perſius under the wings of Pallas; and Teucer under the Shield of Ajax. And your deſerved greatneſse, ſhall make it more acceptable, and by conſequence the more profitable: yea, your name, to which it is conſecrate, ſhall and life to it, as the Sunne to a withered Plant; and your protect on w…ll no leſſe ſupport it, then bones do the fleſh of a mans body, or walls the building of an houſe.
True, Alexander, at firſt, diſdained the Corinthian Embaſſadors, who offered him the freedome and Burgueſhip of their City; but when they told him, that Bacchus, and Hercules were likewiſe in their Registers; he kindly thanked them, and accepted their offer. If there be any thing herein worthy, let it induce your acceptance; if not, it may pleaſe you to imitate Caeſar, who never rejoyced more, then to heare how they talked of his valiant exploits, in ſimple Cottages.
Divers doe dedicate their heavenly labours, according to earthly reſpects; and I have often ſeene an heavenly Pearle preſentted to the hand of an earthly and ſenſuall Patron: but ſuch incongruous, and untuneable de dications, have ever beene harſh to my judgement: wherefore that I might avoid the like incongruity, I was bold, in nuncupating my Booke, to fixe upon your Lordſhip; in whom, to the outward gifts of nature, and fortune, are conjoyned the inward endowments of grace; as piety, humility, affability, temperance, juſtice, wiſdome, with maturity of judgement, and the like; which by a rare and happy combination, have met together, as Diamonds ſet in a border of Gold, or Sapphirs placed in a Cabinet of Ivory: touching which your vertues) for I will not uſe many words, of your ſelfe, to your ſelfe) I ſhall rather praiſe God, and pray for the continuance and increaſe of them, in the ſecret cloſet of mine own heart, than make any publike proclamation of the ſame, in the eares of others; knowing, that your ſelfe affects no other theater, for your worth, then your owne conſcience. And in regard of others, it were as needleſſe, as to lend Spectacles to Lynceus, an Eye to Argus, or to waſt gilding on pure Gold; for who hath heard of your name, that is not driven to admiration and veneration of your ſingular ſufficiencies? Againe, Alexander's victories and vertues, (to which I may fitly reſemble them) were not to be drawne in the compaſse of a ſignet; neither did it become any to paint them, but Apelles; to grave them, but Pyrgoteles; to carve them, but Lyſippus. Wherefore I will paſſe over with a dry Pen, that which neither befits the perſon to write, in regard of his meanneſſe, nor the place of an Epistle to containe in regard of it's expected briefneſſe; though
It is detraction to conceale due praiſe,
When good related, might more goodnes raiſe.
True glaſſes both our deformities and favours tell: and precepts never ſhine ſo much, as when they are ſet in examples; nor examples, as when they are ſet in curious perſons: nor is it eaſie to finde ſo fit a perſon, ſo meet a patterne, for imitation, for incitation.
The which benefit that we may long enjoy, as a ſet Copy in the Schoole of this our Nation, my prayers, with many other, are hearty and fervent, that your life may be as long, as it is beneficiall; then ſhall you as much outlive others, as your name you; which will bee ſo long, as nature hath an eare, or eye, or tongue; for though you dye, your ſweet remembrance ſhall ever live. Oh that theſe lines might live but ſo long, as your fame and known integrity; then I were confident they ſhould never meet a grave in comming ages.
Thus loving rather to ſay nothing, then too much; I deſire your Lordſhip to accept, as from an affectionate heart, and dutiful hand, in part of payment, by way of reſtitution, this ſmall Mite; which I bring you, in your owne and other mens coyne, which is not more yours than the Author,
And ſo I commend it's ſucceſſe to God, it's Patronage to you, it's uſe to the World, and your Lordſhip to the protection, tuition, direction of the mighty Creator, loving Redeemer, comfortable Preſerver of all the Elect.
Your Lordſhips moſt humbly devoted, and in all ſervice ever to be commanded R. Janius.
THE DRVNKARD'S CHARACTER, OR, A true Drunkard lively ſet forth in his colours.
HAVING found out a new Creature which GOD never made in the Creation (as once Anah in the wilderneſſe, Gen. 36.24. The Introduction.) I preſent him to view, firſt whole and intire, then cut up and anatomized; taking liberty in method and diſtribution, ſo to place my diviſions, ſubdiviſions, notions, as may beſt ſerve for brevity, perſpicuity, my purpoſe, and the Readers benefit.
§ 1.
ADrunkard (and I take him for ſuch that drinkes more for luſt, Drunkards not to be reckoned amongst menor pride, or covetouſneſſe, or feare, or good fellowſhip, or to drive away time, or to ſtill conſcience, then for thirſt) being generally conſidered, is one that was borne a man, lives a beaſt, and conſorts with beaſts of his owne kinde; one that through cuſtome of ſinne, and a juſt judgement of GOD upon it, hath his heart changed from mans nature, and a beaſts heart given him in the ſteed, as it fared with Nebuchadnezzar, Dan. 4.16. For what other can wee thinke of him that gives himſelfe to this vice; doth not wine rob a man of himſelfe and lay a beaſt in his roome? hee is not himſelfe, hee is not his owne man, though a master of others: neither are drunkards to be reckoned amongſt men, but beaſts, ſaith Seneca.
Indeed they are humane, or rather inhumane beaſts, or as ſome more favourably admit, reaſonable beaſts, or ſenſuall men: but yeeld them the utmoſt, a drunkard hath but a beſtiall heart in a caſe of humane fleſh, and there is little difference between him and a beaſt, but that he doth exceede a beaſt in beaſtlineſſe, as Hermes well obſerves.
§ 2.
YEa to prove them beaſts in condition, Other ſinners Beasts.though men in ſhape, were a taske ſo eaſie, that it would accrue ſmall credit to an opponent; for each naturall man (ſo long as he remaines in his ſinnes impenitent) is a very beaſt in condition as Ieremy affirmes, Ier. 10.14. and St. Peter, 2 Pet. 2.12. Hee may be ſo proud as to ſcorne the compariſon; but it is ſo, for the wiſdome of Heaven puts it upon him, and that which the Prophet in this place wraps up in a ſhort Metaphor, is in other places of Scripture, as it were, illuſtrated, and unfolded by a continued Allegory; the ſelfe ſame ſpirit making good that generall charge by many particular inſtances, as looke but in Gods Dictionary (who can give moſt congruous names to natures) and you ſhall find, Nero termed a Lyon, 2 Tim. 4. Herod, a Fox, Luk. 13. the Iewiſh falſe teachers, Dogs, Phil. 3. Davids perſecutors, Bulls of Baſon and Vnicornes, Pſal. 22. the Egyptian enemies, Dragons, Pſal. 74. the Scribes and Phareſies, Serpents and Vipers, Math. 23. the Babilonian Monarch, a Lyon, with Eagles wings; the Percian, a Bearc; the Macedonian, a Leopard, Dan. 7. the enemies of the Church, wild Boares, Pſal. 80. greedy Iudges, evening Wolves, Zeph. 3. Schiſmaticks, Foxes cubs, Canticl. 2. &c.
Or admit the Scriptures were ſilent herein, wee may evidently ſee men and women transformed into beaſts of all kinds every day, ſome into Epicurean Swine, others into barking Dogs, a third ſort into cruell Tygers, &c. yea no wilderneſſe afords ſo many beaſts as ſome great City: for each covetous Muckworme, is a blind Mole; every luſt full perſon, a rancke Goate; the fraudulent man is a Fox; the buſie body, a Squirrell, the Murmurer, a Frog; the Flatterer, a Spaniell; the Slanderer, an Aſpe; the Oppreſſor, a Wolfe; the Perſecutor, a Tyger; the Church Robber, a wild Boare; the Seducer a Serpent, yea a Devill; the Traitor, a Viper, &c. for the time and my breath would faile mee if I ſhould reckon up all kinds of humane beaſts, or beaſtiall men, beaſts in the forme of men; yea its well if all theſe brutiſh conditions meete not in one man (eſpecially a drunkard) as rivers in the Sea, for there is not one beaſtlike, or ſerpentine quality which every of their natures much more this ſinne, would not admit if GOD reſtrained them not.
§ 3.
EVen ſuch is the power of ſinne, that it made God become man, Drunkards worſe then Beasts.Angells become Devills, and men become beaſts; but this ſinne, this vile and odious ſinne of drunkenneſſe, hath a more ſuperlative power; for it makes a man worſe then any beaſt which goes upon foure legs. Neither can I finde a ſample for him amongſt beaſts, hee is ſuch a beaſt that I know not with what beaſt to match him, ſuch a beast that no other beaſt will keepe him company; the neereſt to him is the Ierff, a beast in the north parts of Suetia, whoſe property (as Geſner, out of Olaus Magnus, relates it) is when he hath killed his prey, or found ſome Carkaſſe, to fal a devouring the ſame, and never leave feeding untill his belly be puft up, and ſtrouteth like a bag-pipe, and then not being able to hold any more, he goeth preſently betweene two narrow trees and ſtraineth out backward what hee hath eaten, and ſo being made empty, returneth againe to the Carkaſſe, and filleth himſelfe as before, and then ſtraineth it out the ſecond time, and ſo continueth filling and emptying himſelfe untill he hath devoured all; which being conſumed, he hunteth after more, and this is the courſe of his whole life. Now if the drunkard, whoſe whole life is little els but a viciſsitude of devouring and vomitting, who ſpends all his time in drinking, and venting, and abominable ſpewing, ſo diſgorging himſelfe when he hath drunke his fil, thereby to be able to drinke the like quantity againe, had but this ill quality and not an hundred more and worſe with it, I might well couple theſe two beaſts together; for in this particular there cannot be deviſed a more expreſſive Hieroglyphique of his loathly condition: but alas, this is rather one of the drunkards vertues, for which he lookes to be applauded, and is ſo by all that keepe him company, ſo that this compariſon falls ſhort by much.
§ 4.
VVHerefore in my encounter with this Monſter, Wherein they equall Beaſts.I will neither ſpend time, nor blot paper with ſhewing wherein they are equall with beaſts; as that they are onelyonly led by ſenſuality, that their whole intendment is their bellies, that like hogs they thinke no garden ſo pleaſant as the dunghill, no cleare ſtreame comparable to the mire wherein they wallow, that ſeeming a heaven to them which to a ſober and religious man is little better then an hell; yea, who thinks it not leſſe labour to plow all day, then to pot it, that it is a taske almoſt invincible, to make them owne thoſe words and behaviours when they are ſober, which in their pots they were authors of, that notwithſtanding drink hath often made them as ſicke as ever was Sea-man, and expoſed them to a thouſand perills, yet they are never the wiſer afterwards, that they have no more conſcience nor feare of God, then beaſts: yea, tell them of God, their hearts will make reply, as the Cyclops in the Tragedy did with his mouth, when Vlyſſes told him of God; I know no other God but my belly: that they are as improvident & without foreſight of what will follow, as beaſts; providing no refuge againſt the evill day, but thinke to beare off the judgments of God with head and ſhoulders, that like bruite beaſts they will beleive nothing but what they are led to by ſenſe, that they conſider no more how time paſſeth away then a beaſt is able to tell the clocke; whereupon their departure is commonly ſo ſuddaine, that when they looke for a pleaſant peale, behold, it is their paſſing bell, that they are no more aſhamed of their deeds then beaſts; yea leſſe, for a very Dog, though he cannot bluſh, will goe away, as if he were aſhamed, when he hath done a ſhrewd turne, and is taken in the manner; but Drunkards have a meretricious forehead, ſtupid, and ſteeled with impudence, ſhame-proofe, there is not ſo much blood of grace in their hearts as will ſerve to make halfe a bluſh in their cheekes.
If it bee objected that a Drunkard can ſometimes ſpeake; I anſwere, that is no more then a beaſt hath done, even a ſilly Aſſe, Num. 22.28.
Theſe and many the like I will paſſe over, and only ſhew you wherein they be worſe then beaſts.
§ 5.
IN which, Why ſo tart.let none thinke mee over tart, or my compariſons too homely; for they muſt not looke to live like beaſts, yea, worſe then beaſts, and be flattered as if they were men: what, ſhall wee walke in the ſpirit of falſehood, and propheſie of wine and ſtrong drinke? no, this were to bee a beaſt for company: if men thinke ſcorne thus to be compared, let them forbeare to deſerve ſuch compariſons. What ſaith St. Chryſoſtome, ſhall I thinke thee to be a man when thou haſt all the qualities of a beaſt; kickeſt like an Aſſe; neigheſt after women, like a Horſe; rageſt in luſt, like a Bull; raveneſt like a Beare, ſtingeſt like a Scorpion, rakeſt like a Wolfe, as ſubtill as a Fox, as impudent and ſhameleſſe as a Dog? thou haſt nothing in thee to induce mee to thinke ſo, ſeeing there is a greater ſimilitude betweene thee and a beaſt, in the diſpoſition of thy minde, then diſſimilitude in the compoſition of thy body: as for thy ſhape, that affrights mee more when I ſee a beaſt in the likeneſſe of a man.
But I ſpeake not ſo much to them as of them, for theſe beaſts rarely reade bookes, eſpecially tending to piety: I ſpeake to the ſober, as unto men of underſtanding, and let them judge what I ſay.