A Looking Glass for Princes and Peoples Delivered, Book 2 · Part 1

A Looking Glass for Princes and Peoples Delivered · Book 2 · Part 1

p. 1CHAP. I. In What respect this Vsurpation agreeth to Rome.

THE challenge which I made in my Sermon of the Popes Vsurpation over Princes, craveth aPag. 98. more full and presse deduction, than a Sermon could suffer; which now in this subsidiarie discourse (by Gods grace) I intend to performe.

And first, wee shall consider on VVhat Age or respect Onus Ecclesia Episcop. Chemensit 1. Ecclesia pu▪ ra.of the Romane Church, wee fasten this Vsurpation; and then the Vsurpation it selfe. For the first the Church of Rome commeth in fiue severall periods though some hauehave casten it in seven.

p. 2In the first three hundreth yeeres she was Ecclesia pu… 1. Ecclesia pu… ra. Ante Concilium Nicenum exiguu… aut …ullus respectus habebatur ad Eccl Rom. 2 Ecclesia am bitiosa.Rom 2ra, a pure Church; professing the Trueth purelie, and the most part of her Bishops sealed it with their blood in Martyrdome: At what time little or no regard was had of her, as their owne Aeneas Sylvius confesseth.

In the next three hundreth yeeres finding rest from persecution, shee became Ecclesia ambitiosa, an ambitious Church, tickled with pryde, and desire of Vsurpation.

Then Leo the first roared, and stretched out his skirts; and Innocent and his followers incroached on the Affricane Fathers; but when shee found her selfe respectedConcil. Chal. Act. 16.Acts 16 for the priviledge of the Citie, the Mother and Seate of the Empyre, the number of her learned Clergie, and multitude of Martyrs; she began to usurpe vponupon other Churches: Then shee thrust her hand in everie businesse, and turned all medling to her gaine: The brotherly correspondence of other Bishops by Letters, was turned in arguments of Supremacie and iurisdiction: The imploring of helpe against Heretickes, in formall Appellations; Her advise given to them was counted absolute commands; and her arbitrarie decisions of questions submitted freely to her, were called Decreets of an ordinar Iudge. Baronius Anachronismes gaue a lustre to these forgeries in the eyes of the ignorant; for everie where in the first Ages, hee recordeth thinges as then done, which the Church knew not for seven or eight Ages. Cyprian cleareth this for his time, writing to Cornelius, That thy brother-hood may bee informed. ThisVt fraternitas tu… instruatur. Cypr. Epist 42. Cor nelio. 3. Eclesia insidiosa. Concil. African. 4. dasheth their tyrannie, for fraternitie excludeth Supremacie, and Instruction destroyes their pretended Iurisdiction.

In the third period shee was Ecclesia insidiosa, lying in waite to effect that supremacie, which before shee affected; for though shee got a great effront of the Affrican Fathers, yet (in a Romane pertinacious humour) shee p. 3vrged the purpose, till shee got the name of vniversall Bishop: And rather then they want it, Boniface the third will take it of Phocas a Parricide: They saw the Impyre weakened by the incursion of Barbarians and Factions within, and stirred their time for their purpose.4. Eclesia seditiosa.

In the fourt hundreth yeares, shee was Ecclesia seditiosa, a seditious Church; for hauing trodde downe the Church, there remained nothing for her Conquest but the Impyre. And Sathan involving all in the darknesse of ignorance and Superstition, fitted the mindes of …rinces and people to bee abused: Then Hildebrand brake the Maiestie of the Impyre in Henrie the fourth, and succeeding Emperours, which to this day it could never recover.5. Ecclesia perniciosa.

In the fift three hundreth yeares shee is Ecclesia perniciosa, a pernicious Church: Shee will neither reforme her selfe, nor suffer Reformation of her Heresies and wickednesse: In which respect shee is become the habitation of Revel. 18. 2. 4Rev 18:2Rev 18:4devils, and the hold of every vncleane spirit, and God calleth vsus to forsake her, Come out of her my people.

In respect then of her sedition and pernitiousnesse, shee vsed this Vsurpation, and beareth the name to bee called2. Thess. … Popish: Poperie (in it's proper Nation) is a pest in the Catholicke Church, and a plague of God sent on them who would not receiue the truth to bee saved thereby: And therefore God gaue them over to this strōg delusion: It is not theCypriano gloriossimo Papae Clerus Romanus Cypr. Epist. 26. Gregor. 7. Romae Synodum habuit &c. Baron. Martyrol. lanuar. 16. Catholicke Church but a Faction in the Church: Neither is it a Religion, but a Schisme and an Heresie. taking the name from the Popes, the head and the heart, of that hereticall and schismaticall Faction. They grant themselues, that the Name Papa was first common to any reverend Clergie Man, thereafter it became peculiar to Bishops as may …e… seene in the writtes of Cyprian, Ierome, Augustine, &c. But in the end Gregorie the seventh helde a Synode at Rome, and statute ut nomen Papae, that the name of the Pope p. 4should bee the onelyonly name of the Christian world: And that Gregor. 7. di ctat. 11. Vestan. d… osc. Ped. Pont. c. 17 Azor. part. 2 col. 94…. Bellar. Tom. 1. prafat. Lorin. in Act. Apost. Baron. Mar tyrol. Octob. 16 Christianos que appellari, & censeri loco summa dignitatis esse puta bamu…. Nazian. M…nod. Chr. Homil. 33 in. Acta. Francisc. B… zius de Monarch. p. 1. Continuat. Th…an.no man should take it to himselfe, or giuegive it to other, but hold it proper to the Bishope of Rome. And though Bellarmine bee offended that wee call them by the name Papists: yet others are not ashamed of that name, but glorie in it as Lorinus: Wee are neither afrayed nor ashamed to bee called Papists: And Baronius more fullie: The Heretickes can not honour vsus with a greater Title of glorie than when they call vsus Romans and Papists—Let these bee our praises while wee liue, and after death our Titles vponupon our g…aues that wee are called Romans and Papists: But Nazianzen saith of himselfe & Basile, that they counted it their greatest honour to be called Christians: And Chrysostome sayeth that Hereticks tak their name from the Haeresiarch. This Name also distinguish…th them among themselues: For a Papist properlie is hee who beside the superstition of Rome, burneth in a blind zeale to maintaine the Popes authoritie: And moderate men who are not zealous, are called by them prophane and impious Politickes: And in the time of the League: France was cast in three factions: The one was Hugonotes, or Protestants, the other Catholicks, & the third were Politicks, who were neither Protestants nor Catholickes, but moderate Papists, and good Patriots: But as P…cianus said to the Novatians: I accuse not the name in you, but the Sect; so we accuse not soPacian. Epist. 1. much the name of Papists, as their factious disposition and proceeding. This vsurpation then being the worke and character of Rome, as they are papalized, let vsus consider the Vsurpation it selfe.

CHAP. II. Of the matter of this Vsurpation, And first at the entire of Princes.

IN the Usurpation it selfe, foure things are to bee considered: First, the mater wherein it standeth: Next, the p. 5Noveltie of it: Thirdlie, their Defences: And lastlie, their folie and madnesse in their whole course and Fruites.

For the Matter of this Vsurpation, it goes in two; at the Entrie of Princes, and in their Administration: At their Entrie, they clame an absolutehand over them, as though Kingdomes were their gift, and that because of their Election, Unction, Coronation, and Oath.

Their Election they clame absolutely: Though it goe now by Electors, yet they will hauehave all depending on them, so Iohn. 8. in the Election of Carolus Calvus; wee hauehave elected Baron. An. 876. n. 6 Ibid. n. 9 Arbitrio papae imperium est collatum. Cregor. 7. lib. 2. Epist. 13. Facultas eligends Imperatorem, &c. Aphoris. Car. 19.iustlie and approven, &c. And their Analist letteth in great Letters, elegimus merito & approbavimus, and he putteth his glosse to it, that the Impyre is given at the arbitriment of the Pope, and Gregorie the seventh more clearelie: Thou must acknowledge that thou hast the Scepter of the Kingdome by the benefite of the Apostolicke and not of the Kingly Maiestie: And lest it bee ascryved to the Electors, the Cardinals of the Consistorie hauehave latelie published, that the Electors power to choose the Emperour, flowes from the authoritie of the Apostolicke Sea. And more clearely: It is of vndoubted right, that it appertaines to the Pope alone, and not to the Colledge of Electors, to cognosce and decerne of the affaires of the Impyre. When the Authority of Gregorie presseth them to the contrair who sayth, That power over all men was given to Maurice the Emperour, and that the Priests were committed to him: They gaue vsus strange glosses: That Imperatori potestas caelitus data est, H. E. à Deo sed per Ecclesiam & Romanum Pontificem, that is from God by the Church and the Pope of Rome who confirmeth, Azor. part. 2 lib. 10. cap. 6 in fine. Ideo Imperator à Pontis…ce Diademate decoratur. Aphorism. 16. …anoynteth, consecrateth, and crowneth him. By this glosse the Emperour holdeth his Crowne of the Priestes committed to him.

Their next clame is from the Vnction and Coronation of Princes. But that Ceremonie (a)conferreth not Authoritie vponupon the person, crowned and anoynted, but declareth him p. 6to bee set a part for the office, and is rather a Ministerie, than an absolute Superioritie. Vnction is not essentiall to Kings, neither was it from the beginning, for Iustine 2. is called the first anoynted Greeke Emperour, and Pipine in France, and Edgarus in Scotland; and yet many good Princes were in these Thrones before them; without that Ceremonie. And the Impyre rightly inacted it to be laes-Majestie: If any Man thought that a chosen Emperour was not an Emperour before his Coronation, Albericus apud Martam de lurisdict. 1. 17. Num. 30. They see that the Patriarchs of Constantinople hauehave crowned Emperours as well as theRomani P…ntifices in cor… nandis Imperator. &c. Constantinop. Baron. An. 87 9. n. 9. Pope, and therefore lest the Pope lose his priviledge, they make the Patriarks Coronation to be only a naked Ceremonie, but the Popes to bee Operatiue and conferre authority, wee hauehave no ground of this distinction, but their naked assertion. But Bellarmine speaketh more truely, when hee is correcting the fervour of his Dispute. Though Samuel anoynted Saul at the Commandement of Bellar. recog. pag. 59.GOD, yet that anoynting was rather a praediction, than a tradition of the royall power. And againe, Samuels anoynting of David, was a designation and praediction, but not Cerem. lib. 1 sect 5. Pontificial. Rom fol, 55 Francisc. Leo Thesaur. for, Eccles. cap 1 n. 22. It. cap. 25. n. 13.Eccl 1a conferring of royall Authoritie. Sure I am, they can not ascriue more to the Popes anoynting of an Emperour, than to Samuels anoynting of Saul and David, at Gods expresse Command. But if their Coronation & Vnction give authoritie to Princes, it is treason on their part to trode vnderunder foote these sacred Heads, which they hauehave crowned and annoynted.

Thirdly they claime it, by the Oath of Princes, taken at their Coronation; which is not of obedience to God, but of Fealtie and Obedience to the Pope So saith bbMarta Iurisc. part. 1 c. 18. n. 12▪ & n. 18.Marta that it is manifest the Emperour is Feudatarie to the Church, by the oath of fealtie, which is a sort of servitude to the Pope ccImperatoris juramento fidelitat. &c Vastan. de os…u. ped. p. 93.. And Vestanus testifieth, that Princes are astricted by their oath of fidelitie and obedience, whereby they may bee compelled to obey p. 7the Apostolicke Sea: And more fullie hee sheweth both the ground, and the end of this Oath. When Religion decayed, and Men inclyned to impietie, it became the Pope ddDecuit Ro manum Pen tif…em juramento fidel & obed. sibi Re ges obstringe re—vt il lorum arrogā tiam & teme ritatem inhi beret Ibid. pag 97. Proverb. 8 Ceremonial.by the Oath of Fidelitie, and obedience to bind Kings vntounto him, both that hee might see for himselfe, and that he might brydle their pryde and rashnesse. For this end they blasphemously apply to the Pope these words that are proper to Christ, per quem Reges regnant. So in effect Princes are but the Popes Vassalls, to reigne precario, and no longer than he pleaseth, or rather as they please him. This Barclaius objecteth, and Bellarmine would mitigate it, but their practice sayeth the contrare: And Suarez eeSuarez de fens. lib 3 c. 22. num. 9 Vicarius Christi habet domi nium in Vassalum suum. Baron An▪ 701 num. 16. 17 Et An 1097 n. 18 1…. &ctelleth, that the Vicar of Christ hath Dominion over his Vassall; And Baronius affirmeth, that the King of Spaine is the Popes feudatarie for the Kingdome of Spaine, and his Vassall for the Kingdome of Naples, wherevpon hee maketh his long digression of the Monarchie of Sicile, to proue this Superioritie. But Innocent 4. speaketh like a Pope, Doest thou not know, that the King of England is our Vassall, yea our Servant? This exacting of the Emperours Oath was farre from Sergius the second, who sware obedience to the Emperour Lotharius: But of the Nature of this Oath, wee shall speake heereafter in the Conclusion God willing. In the meane tyme it is remarkable, that the Maintainers of Equivocation, and loosers of the Obligen ent of an Oath, doe heere vrge the force of an Oath, when it maketh for their vantage.

They boast also of the Translation of the Emp…re, aaBellar de transl. Imperijas an vnanswerable argument, to proue their Superioritie: But the Pope had no other part therein, but a consent as a speciall member of the Republicke of Rome: For if hee had a full power, hee needed not Charles, nor Pipine, to helpe him against the Longobards: None can better cleere thisDresser. de translat. Imp. than Frederick in the same Contest with Pope Hadrian, Thou sayest, that I came at thy calling: I grant I was called; but giuegive the reason wherefore thou callest mee, thou was oppressed p. 8by the Enemies, and couldst not helpe thy selfe by thine owne (b) Implorationem potius quam vocationem hanc di… xerim. Otto▪ Frisin degest. Frederic. lib. 2power, or the Greekes cowardize: Therefore the power of the Francks was sought. This was rather an imploring of my helpe than an calling.

But Leo crosseth their late claimes, and granteth that Martian aaMartianū Imper. à Deo electum esse. Bellar. Rom Pont. Lib. 5. cap. 3. Potestas—Dominorum meorum pietati coelitus data est. Ibid. Casaub. de li bert. Ecclesiast. Cusan de concord. Catholic. lib 3. c. 1. 23. &c. Bell. Recog. pap. 52. Nomen Imperatoris potest & forte debet deleri.the Emperour was elected of God; and Gregorie to Maurice, That power over all men was given from aboue to the pietie of his Lord. Princes also not-with-standing of his Vsurpation in the beginning of their edicts call themselues. N. By the Grace of God, King of such a Kingdome. and not by the gift of the Pope, as Casaubone observeth: And Cusan hath so fully refuted that Claime in this errand, as no man needeth to adde any thing. Bellarmine obiecteth to him, that hee erred for want of Bookes to informe him: But Cusan might more iustly reply, that if Bellarmine had either eyes to reade, or conscience to iudge, according as Bookes informed him, hee had not perverted the Trueth as hee did. The point of Election vexeth Bellarmine; therefore hee telleth vsus, that in their Canons, Hadrianus, and in Synodo, The Name Emperour …may, and perchance should bee delete. Thus they may elide the Truth of all Histories: Such doubting and staggering shifts became not an old Cardinal, and Contraversar in the head Article of his Faith.

It is cleare then, that their Election is but pretended, their Coronation and Vnction are but ceremonies officiously obtruded on Princes, to snare them in a base Subiection. The pretended Oath doeth more oblige Kings to correct the Popes enormities, than to maintaine his Tyrannie. And their alledged translating of the Impyre, is a craftie ingyring themselues on the prevailing side. And so none of these Claimes giuegive them authoritie over Princes.

p. 9CHAP. III. Of their Vsurpation over Princes in their Administration: And first of their disdainfull Speeches.

THis much for their Vsurpation over Princes at their entrie: Followeth their Vsurping in their administration, which may bee seene in foure, In disdainfull speaches: Abuse of their persons in base offices: Vsurping over their Lawes in a directiue Power; And censuring them by a coactiue power. Disdainfull Speeches are the first fruits of their prid, & contempt of Princes: So they call them Dogges or Curres to the Pope the great Sheepeheard: If these Dogs (sayeth Becane) be aaBecan. controvers. Anglic quaest. 3. …. 14 15.watchfull and trustie, they must bee readie at the Sheepeheards hand. This is no other then what the Pope did to Franciscus Dandalus the Venetian, when hee made him like a Dogge eate crummes vnderunder his table at Lions. And Scioppius bbSchiop Ecclesiast. cap. 147. Ecclesia est mandra, &c.—Carolus Magnus haud paule mai…r aut sapientior Asinus fuit. Barron. ann. 1073 n. 7 Idem. 1076. n. 8. Barron 1112 n. 17. Platina, Vit. Gregor. 7.compa…eth them to Asses, carying burdens at the Popes will, and calleth Charles the Great a great Asse: But their Analist aboundeth in reproaching the Emperours: Hee calleth Henry the fourth Rex Apostata, Exemplum Regibus Henricianae haeresis labe conspersis, an Apostate King, and an exemplar to them who are guiltie of the Henrician heresic. Likewise a contemner of God. And againe obstinate and periured and that like Herod hee persecuted the anoynted of God. And when they had stirred vp against him his Sonne Henrie the fifth, who betyme plyed not their courses as they would, they payed him also with reproaches, and their Analist calleth him in Patrem Carnifex, his Fathers Burrio, and sacrilegious, a Traitour, a Monster, a Tyrant. Gregorie the seventh calleth Henrie the fourth Membrum Diaboli, p. 10a member of the Divell: And Vestanus vttereth his spleneVestan. p. 75. …n. 551. n. 2. also. Fredericus Oenobarbus bellua horrenda fuit. And Iustinian for curbing Vigilius, both for his prevaricating in the Truth, and defending of Nestorius, is called by Baronius madde, possessed with an evill Spirit, and caryed by Sathan. So Richeomus the Iesuite …aileth against the Greeke …m▪ perours, for their zeale against Imagerie: Leo Isauricus (sayeth hee) perduellis haereticus—Constantinus re & cognomento Copronymus Leonis Isaurici Patris nequam, Richeom, Expost. Apol. cap 22.nequior filius—Leo Quartus Copronymi foedus foetus, mali vti que Corvi, malum ovum,

Heerein they tell of what Spirit they are, when they despise Dominioun, and speake evill of Dignities, and no better behaviour can follow so disdainfull speeches: Words are a mids betweene Estimation of the Mynd and actions: If they be good, they argue a good Estimation preceeding and promise sutable actions to follow: If they bee ill, they argue an heart full of contempt, and promise nothing but outrage: Experience hath proven this to bee true.

CHAP. IIII. Of their abuse of Princes in base offices.

THeir second abuse of Princes in their Administration is by imploying their Persons in base service, aaStàpham equi Papalis …enere debet. Marta …uris. 1. cap. 18. n. 18.as to hold the stirrop when the Pope goes on horse backe, or commeth downe. To leade his bridle bbDeinde accepto equi fre… peraliquo… &c. Ceremo. Rom. fol. 26. pag. 2.for some space: And the Pope (forsooth) must refuse that service in shew, and yet yeeld to it in end. This is hypocrisie with pride, for they doe so earnestly exact it, that if the Emperour goe not to the right stirrop, they will chyde him, as Hadrian the p. 11fourt did to Federicke the Emperour: To hold the water and towell to his hands: To carie dishes from his Kitchen to his Table: But the Emperour shall hauehave a priviledge, for where Kings must goe into the Kitchen, hee shall receiue Ibid.the dishes hee caries, at the doore. To sit on his knees when hee giveth the cnp to the Pope, As Otto did to Urbane, Marta Iuris. 1 18who of purpose neglected the Emperour, and suffered him to sit long on his knees, till a Cardinall admonished him of that Iuel. Defens. P. 235oversight. These things are so odious, that Harding is a ashamed, and denyeth them. But they are registrate in their ceremoniall and pontificall. I would gladly vnderstand to which office of the Apostolick Church, the1 Cor. 12. 121 Cor 12:12 Master of ceremonies, is to bee referred, or in what primitiue rytes from the Apostles time shall they finde such abuse of the Lords Anoynted? This question will be answered by silence.

But it is a greater abuse to make Princes kisse the Popes —Cuius vestigia adorat—Matuan.foote; it might passe with Cardinals, who are his creatures, and (since they left off preaching) seeme to hauehave no other vse for their mouth, but to kisse his feete at all occasions: And there is nothing more frequent in the ceremoniall, than Reverentiapro more facta, that is toCeremonial. passim. say, The Cardinals kissing his feete before the people: I know not whither Adulation bee baser in them, or affectation of vaine glorie bee vyler in him.

But it is odious that hee holds out his feete to bee kissed of Emperours, and yet Rome that doeth all things vnderunder shew of Reason (as Vives sayes scoffingly) by Vestanus, aaImprimis Pontificium humilitas, commenda…i debet, &c. Vestan▪ de osc, ped. Pont. cap. 18. pag. 14….giues vsus two reasons heereof. The one is the Popes humilitie & devotion, who knowing that the people will kisse his feete, hath put a crosse on his Pantoun, that their adoration may bee given to the crosse of Christ, and not to him. That is but a scoffing, for the foote is not a place to put the crosse on, and the Emperours Theodosius and Valentinian were more religious, who discharged to paint the crosse p. 12on the ground, least it should bee trod vponupon: Hee admitteth men to three kisses, pedis, pectoris, & oris of the feete, the breast and his face. If therefore hee would honour the Crosse, why putteth hee it on his foote, and not on his breast to tell his louelove to it? or on his face to tell his account of it: And the Greeks are more religious than he,Zo…aras▪ for though they take not that Adoration, yet they set it on their face or Breast.

His second reason is a mocking of men, as his first is of Christ: That since the Popes office is to teach the world, and the feete of Preachers are beautifull, aaRomani Pontifices ex▪ pressam Apostolici muneris imaginem▪ &c. Vestan. ibid.they cannot beautifie them better, than by put putting the crosse on them—for the spirit and grace descends to the feete—and to make their steppes stay in the way. This is a fiction, for neither hath the Pope that office of vniversal preaching, neither dischargeth hee it in any one Church: and the beautie of the feete of Preachers is not by the signe of the Crosse, but by their heavenly commission, their fruitefull discharge of it, and a godly life. But the secret of all this businesse is this, hee is an enemie to the crosse of Christ, and by that seeming honouring of it vponupon his foote is tredding it vnderunder foote indeede.

But hee commeth nearer the poynt at length, that whereas the Popes received white shooes from Constantine, I am linte… calceamenta in usu Ecclesia Rom. non sint. &c. Ibid. pag 148they hauehave taken purpour or skarlet shooes in their place: And what is this? but to tell the world that Rome is the scarlet coloured Beast drunke with the blood of the Saintes; and this is the more because they acknowledge such kissing of his feete to come of Diocletian, who thought himselfe a god, & craved divine honours: And thogh that his wickednes (b) Diocletian… quidem improbitas, &c. Ibid. cap. 2 p. 14.was, (a) damnable (sayeth hee) in craving of it, yet the custome is not to bee damned that gaue it: This is all one as to condemne Herod who took divine honours, but not the people that gaue them. Diocletian then is the father of this pride, and it is worse in them, than in him; for hee p. 13beeing an Emperour, tooke it of his Subjectes, but they being Church-men exact it of Emperours. They should remember their owne glosse. The Pope is successour to Peter (a) Papa est successor Petri piscato ris & non Augusti Im▪ peratoris. Psal. 68. 23.Ps 68:23the Fisher, but not to Augustus the Emperour. If not to Augustus, farre lesse should they succeed Diocletian.

Beside reason: Scripture must also bee abused to colour this wickednesse, that thy foote may bee dipped in blood, and the tongues of thy Dogges in the same. aaTum pedes sanguine …ingunt…r, &c. Vestan Ibid p. 154.Then the feete are dipped in blood (say they) when they are decored with a crosse of Christ, then the tongues of Dogges are dipped therein, when Heretickes like dogges licke the Popes feete. But Augustine exponeth that blood, of Martyrs, and these Dogges of painefull Pastours; which pertaine nothing(b)—Sic convenientius ut arbitor intelligitur pes tinctus in sanguine. Aug. Psal. 67. Esay 49. 23.Ps 67Isa 49:23 to the Pope, for hee massacres Martyres, and doeth not preach at all: To this same ende they abuse that Prophecie; Kings shall bee thy nourcing fathers, and Queenes thy nourcing mothers, they shall bow downe to thee with their faces towards the Earth, and licke the dust of thy feete: ccProphetiā illam imple…ā esse Imperatori…. & Regi bus &c. Suar Des…ns. Lib 3 cap. 3. cap. 24 …, 17This Prophecie according to the Letter is fulfilled in the Emperours and Kings kissing the Popes feete with their faces toward the ground: The like hath Eudaemon Ioannes ddEudaem. Iohan. Paral. Tort… cap. 8. Acts 16 Acts 10Acts 16Acts 10the Iesuite. But this is a great change, and farre from that which Leo the third did, after he had crowned Charles, and made him Emperour, hee would worship him before the people, that they might know the greatnesse of the imperiall Maiestie. Haymon. apud. Bozium de signis. This is proper to Heretickes who steale the glorie of God to pervert Scripture for colouring that sacriledge.

But Marta aaMarta de iuris part. … ▪ c. cap. 46.helpeth him, and would proue the lawfulnesse of it from the Iaylors falling downe at Paul and Silas feete, and Cornelius falling downe before Peter, bbPipin. An. Do… 752, Marta ibid:but there is nothing for kissing of his feete in these Texts: and it is a weak proofe to alledge Abdias Babylonius, a fabler, whom he grantes, is ab Ecclesia reprobatus, reiected of the Church. And the antiquitie of the practice, hee p. 14findeth no sooner then Pipine, aaAlexandri. 3. factum commendari potest, &c. Vestan. p. 75and Charle-maine: Fables, and the colour of antiquitie serue these men who are Rex Regina▪ rum. Tholos. Syntag. 18. 1. 11.destitute of auncient truth: But we shall help them in fathering of this adoration aright, on Darius who called himselfe King of kings, and cousing of the gods: and Cleopatra, who would bee called the Queene of queenes: These are the parents of their pride, and would bee adored.

Thirdlie, they vse greatest degree of their prid in trodding on the neckes of Emperours, as Alexander the third did to Fridricke Barbarosa, at Venice, That is a more commendable fact (sayeth one) and more iust, than the trodding of Ecebolius, because it was against a most cruell enemie of the Church, and Alexander (b) did well that hee insulted with his heeles against that horrible Beast: While heaven and earth are astonished at that pride, they glorie in it. And of this sort was that pride of Celestine the third who did cast the Crowne off the heade of Henrie the sixe, with his foote, as though the Crownes of Emperours served for none other vse, but to bee foote-bals to Popes. It is good for Kings who kisse his foote, that they are able againe to rise or walke: For the trees of the wood of Loretto, inclined so low to welcome the Virgins Chamber comming Horat. Turs de Aede Loret. Lib. 1. cap. 6.over the Hadriaticke Sea, that they neither raise againe nor inclined to the House when it was settled behind them. Tyrannie in Barbarians cannot exerce greater indignities against Princes, then this humilitie of the Servant of servants.

CHAP. V. Of their third vsurpation over Princes: In their Lawes.

THeir third vsurpatiō over Princes is in their Lawes: God hath invested Kings with a Nomo-theticke, power, p. 15to make lawes within their Kingdomes, but the Pope taketh on him to Expone, Mend, Alter, and Repeale them at his pleasure, and that is the common doctrine of the Schoole-men: As for their aaPotest Pontifex illas emendare, Suarez. &c. Defens 3 22. Ibid. n. 15. 16Execution, hee may stay their vse, or set it to some profitable end for the good of the Church, and he power of both resideth in the Pope: And for this end absolutely he taketh on him, to direct and command Kings in the vse of their power against Protestants: If they obey him, hee casteth them in danger, and hatred of their people: If they disobey, hee hath a cause of Censure against them, to suspend or depose them, for if the secular power bee denyed or neglected, the Seculars may bee excommunicate bbDenegato brachio seculari, &c. Mat Iuris. part. 1. cap. 5 1. n. 1.. This is also injoyned to their Inquisitours, to compell Kings and Princes to recall their lawes, that are against the Inquisition. And because Eymericus is too generall in his decision, therefore Pegna is more particular in his Commentar, that commoun and fundamentall Lawes and Customes what-so-ever of that kinde are null, and of no effect ccEymer. Director. Inquis part 3. q. 34. Fegna Comment 83.. So Bellarmine, Although the Pope bee not a politicke Prince, yet hee may confirme or infirme the lawes of Kings ddQuam…is Pontifex, &c. Bellar. Rom. lib. 5. cap. 6. Baron ann. 878 n 22. 2 Thess. 2.2 Thess 2. So then Princes can hauehave no Lawes in force, if the Pope mislike them; neither dar they refuse to make such lawes, as hee thinketh good for the Church, that is to say, for the vpholding of his tyranny, though it were with the ruine of their Kingdome.

Their Analist giveth this in a word, Potest Papa in Regesius dicere, hee is set vp with full power to iudge them, and their lawes: And though hee bee that lawlesse Man▪ yet hee taketh the Lawes of Countries, the raines of governement in his hand, as though hee were the Law of Lawes, and Reason of Reasons; for so Hildebrand aaQuod illi soli …icet pro temporis. &c. Hildebrand Dictat. 7professeth, that it is leasume to the Pope onelyonly to make new lawes according to the necessitie of Tyme.

But no wonder hee vse such power over the Lawes of Princes, since hee hath no constancie in his owne lawes: p. 16for neither Canons of Councels, nor of his Predecessours or his owne can bind him, but vponupon any occasion he will alter: As it is said of the stile of the Court of Rome (that it varyeth every yeare) so wee may say of the Popes lawes,Regula Canc. Stylu… curiae Romanae variat. quotannis. Ab eadem sede Apostolica, &c▪ Baron. 878. Baron: A…n. 547: n. 50. Idem Anno. 553. …. 231 that they are changed, and priviledges destroyed, diminished, and augmented at their pleasure. The Apostolicke sea may make all these alterations, according to their custome. This is the libertie they take over the opinions of others: The like Uigilius tooke of his owne opinion, and that in fundamentall points concerning Nestorianisme. For as hee saw either danger or peace, he changed his sentence, and Baronius (whose taske amongst other things is to defend the Popes greatest faults, and proue them to bee perfections) sayeth, that Uigilius after great consideration stroue diversly: Et cur ei non licuit, mutato rerum statis, mutare sententiam? This is their constancie, even when they define out of Peters Chaire.

This vsurping over Kings concerning lawes, is crossed by Pope Nicolaus, wryting to Michael the Emperour▪ that aaChristus distinxit, &c ne …ut Imp. iura Pontifecis, &c. Bella Rom Lib: 5 cap. 5Christ distinguished the acts, offices, and dignities of the Pope and Emperour, that the Emperour should not presume to vsurpe vponupon the Iurisdiction of the Pope, or the Pope vponupon the Emperours iurisdiction. When that Pope did so ridde these merches, it is manifest, there was no such vsurpation, as hee condemneth in tearmes, and that the latter Popes in their vsurping, are gone as farre from the modestie of their Ancestours, as from reason and conscience. Princes may be cōtent with that tyrannie over their lawes, seing he doeth so to the lawes of God: He dispenseth Gomes▪ Regul. Cancel fol 83 2. Thessa: 2. 8 Tholos. Syntag. Lib. 47. cap. 20. n. 8.aboue, and contrare the Apostle, and selleth pardons of the notour breaches of the morall law, because no canon can binde the Pope, sayeth their Canonists. This proveth him to be that lawlesse Man: And another Phalaris boasting that he can not be subiect to lawes. This is the loosing of the sinewes of Governement, that as a Beast hee may rage a… randome.

p. 17CHAP. VI. Of their fourth Vsurpation, In censuring Kings.

THeir fourth Vsurpation over Princes is in Censures: They are not content with a directiue power, but will hauehave a coactiue also, to compell Princes to doe what they will, because the one power without the other is of no effect: aaVis directi va sine coactiva inefficax est. Suarez. Defens. lib. 3 c. 23▪ n. 3And because that the Christian Church were not conveniently furnished, neither were it sufficiently provyded, if it had not a power to compell Rebels, that will not obey censures. This bbIbid. n. 18is in effect Bertrandus blasphemie, who said, that the Lord would not seeme discreete enough, except hee had left a Vicar behind him, who might doe all ccNam non videretur dis cretus Dominus fuisse &c Bertrand. de Origin. Iuris. quaest▪ 4. Bibliothec. Pat. Tom. 4 Col. 105.things. And Rodericus hath the like, that Christ had not provyded well enough, for the World, nor for the Church, if hee had not left so eminent a Vicar on the Earth. This is no discretion to speake so blasphemously of the wisdome of Christ: they choose rather to blaspheme, than recall their errours.(d) Roderic. Zamor. spec. lib. 2. cap. 1

This coactiue power hath two branches: The one to depriue Kings of the vse of their Authoritie by suspension: The other to depriue them of the propertie of it, by Deposition. aaDuobus modis potest Rex cōtumax, &c. Suarez. defen. 6. 6. 13But Deposition is no Ecclesiasticke punishment, but an Imperiall; as when Traian tooke the Crowne from the King of Armenia. And they know that excommunication a censure merelie Ecclesiasticke, can not extend it selfe to the deposing of Kings: Yet the Pope (say they) by his transcendent power hath annexed Deposition to Excommunication, as a convenient punishment; for though it exceede the Nature of Excommunication, yet it exceedeth not the bounds of the Popes power. bbEsto excedat. &c. Suarez. defens. 6 6. n. 16. 17His exorbitant power then findeth a right where no right is. And p. 18prian affirmeth and Erasmus marketh it out of him: That by Church censures, none is so noted as to bee destroyed. Cypr. epist. 51The Church should censure Ecclesiasticklie and leaue civill censures (such as is deprivation of Kings) vntounto the Magistrate.

VponUpon these grounds come the absolving of people from their Natiue alledgeance to Princes, and their rebellion against them: The giving of their Kingdome vp to bee invaded by neighbour Princes, or such as hauehave any Title to it or power to conquer it. So Suarez, aaSuarez. Defens Cath. lib. 6. sect. 18If the Pope depose a King, hee may bee expelled or killed by them who hauehave commission of the Pope: And if hee command the execution of it to none, then it pertaines to the lawfull Successour &c. And againe. After the sentence pronounced hee is deprived of his Ibid. sect. 24Kingdome, so that hee cannot possesse it by a iust Title: Therefore▪ thereafter hee may bee handled like a Tyrant, and consequently killed by any privat man. These positions are more bloodie than Dracoes Lawes. And wee shall hauehave the Pope himselfe saying by Bellarmine I shall make him Facio vt ille qui tibi Rex erat, non sit tibi Rex contra Barclaium. pag 259who was thy King to bee no King to thee. And though absolution from excommunication should relieue them of all things that follow therevpon, yet they hauehave forged that distinction, to absolue & reconceale the person to the Church▪ yet hee shall not bee restored to his Kingdome. So Franciscus Veronensis, bbHunc etiā ingratiam recep…—non …at men▪ &c. Pla▪ tin. dè vita Gregor. 7Albeit the King were absolved by the Pope, (a) Iesuit. Sicar. part. 2, c. 8. p. 73. Ne que etiam à Papa absolutus Rex potest esseyet hee cannot bee a King. This they hauehave learned of Hildebrand, who after hee had absolved the Emperour from his excommunication, hee held him still as deposed from the Impyre; and caused choose Rudolph in his place (c) I hauehave received (said hee) that man in favour, and given him onelyonly the Communion, but hauehave not restoreed him to the Kingdome, out of the which I threw him in the Synod of Rome. This is a taste of Popish wrath, to keepe hatred after reconciliation, and deposition after Communion, he is as voyde of the meeknesse of Christ in the first, as he is full p. 19of the Serpents crueltie in the second. But may not humanitie, and Mediation of other Princes plead favour for him that is censured? No surelie; For neither the Penes Impera torem—non amplius stat Palatinū Haeresiarcham, vel haeredes… ▪ ponere—… lustris Cardinales v…ani…ter jurarunt, quod Pon tif. Max. …evocare non possit. Aphoris. Card. 27. 28Emperour nor King of Spaine may meddle (say their Cardinals) with the restitution of Prince Palatine to the Electorate and his Lands, because to seeke these things is no other than to cast downe the Apostolicke seate from the rights of her Maiestie, (d) And least the Pope proue tractable these holy Cardinals will bind his omnipotencie, with their owne oath, that hee should change nothing that is done. Heere is barbarous tyrannie bound with roapes of sand: They vent their malice and folie, but God hath begunne to beholde and judge that tyrannie, and possiiblie will restore him without their consent.

Lastlie, if Kings by their power or louelove of their people bee secured from forraine violence, they hauehave their last refuge to cause kill him by stobbing, aaIn vitam ejus grassari, quacunque ar te licet. Marian, de Reg. lib. 1: cap. 7poyson, or powderplots: And that not onelie Protestant Princes, but euen of such as are Papists, as the world saw in Henrie the third of France, for after excommunication, any man may take his life by any means whatsoever.

But this crueltie must hauehave a warrand, and Scripture shall bee throwne to favour it, for these words, Peter, kill and eate, giuegive power to the Popes to excommunicate, depose and kill Kings, if wee trust Baronius, for Peters Ministerie, (a) Duplex beatiss. Pater ministerium Petri. &c. Baron in vot. ad Paul. 5is two fold (sayeth hee) to feede and to kill—And he is commanded to kill them, that is to resist, to fight against them and to defeate them that they be not at all: And because the Notion of killing soundeth harshlie, hee will giuegive vsus a charitable Commentarie of it, that killing ought to bee in great charitie: That the thing killed bee eaten, to wit, by Christian charitie to hyde it in his bowels, and so that killing is not crueltie but Pietie: I doubt if the Pope will count it either Pietie or Charitie, if hee felt such a killing: And p. 20Bellarmine is as grosse though in fewer words. For it is the duetie of the head (…aith hee) to eate, and by eating to send downe meate into the Stomach. bbPulch-dici▪ tur ei… macta & manduca, &c. Bel. Rov… 1 cap. 22This is a strange libertie in glossing Scripture, and to turne Peter a fisher of men in a Butcher of Kings, and the Pope in a Polyphemus to devour men. It is like the Iesuite Alcasers conceate on the Revelation. He saw how that Booke tortured(c) Alcasar in Apoc. c. 18 Ibid. Notat. 7Rev 18 the Church of Rome, therefore he cast it in a new mould, and exponeth her destruction. Cap. 18. of her conversion to Christ, and the fire of Gods anger that destroyeth her, to bee the flame of Gods louelove, turning her to Christianity. A fansie contrar to sense & reasō, for this destruction is threatned as a plague to Rome, & not promised as a blessing. So these men wil never want a colour for their cause so lōg as they play the Qu…dlibitars, to draw every thing out of any thing: But this glosse is cōtrare to the Text, which speaketh only of the conversiō of the Gentiles, & the Fathers exponded this eating of the Churches turning the Gentiles to her selfe by Baptisme, so Augustine ddEt ait Petro, occide, & manduca▪ occide quod sunt & fac quod tu es, Aug.He said to Peter kill and eate, that is, kill them as they are corrupt, and make them the thing that thou art: And this is contrare to Baronius, for the end of his eating, is to destroy them alluterlie, but the end of this eating, is to saue them by grace. And Baronius himselfe in cold blood and free of preiudice before the question arose betwixt the Pope, & Venice. What that heavenlie vision meant the event declared so that we neede no humane interpretatiō, for it meant that the Gentiles eeNimirum eo mysterio Ec lesiam, &c Ann. 4 1. n. 6shuld be turned to the Church by Baptisme: And their owne Onus Ecclesiae telleth vsus from what Spirit such glosses, and practises come, it is not pastorall louelove, but a divellish malice, [f] Diabolic… maliciae est, &c. On…. Eccles. 17. Cusan. Epist. 2Sir 17to scatter, kill, and destroy: This libertie of glossing is that which Basile and Nazianzen call duleuein Hypoth…sei, to serue their turne, and to make the sense of Scripture currrent with the occasion or time, as Cusane affirmeth.

But such dealing Christian Princes are in the worst cas… p. 21of any men: Pagan Princes are without the Popes iurisdiction and free of his censure aaPontificia potestas, &c. Suarez de fen. 3. 26. n. 8Kings vnderunder the Law had authoritie over the high Priest, but now the Pope clames more power, than the high Priest had: And though Subjectes of any qualitie bee excommunicate, they are neither cast out of their possessions nor killed by vertue thereof. bbBellar. Rom. Pont. lib. 5. c. 10They say by word, that when a King becommeth Christian, hee loseth not his earthly kingdome wherevnto he had right, but acquireth a new right to an eternall Kingdome. If it bee so, as it is indeede, how is it that vnderunder the Pope Kingdomes are looseable, onelie because of Christianitie? They fall heere in that same inconvenient they would eschew, that Christianity is hurtfull to Kings, and Grace destroyes Nature. ccAlioqui obesset regibus Christi be neficium &c Bellar. Ibid.The cause of this difference is, that they are Kings, and by their place come in Competition with him who will be absolute Monarch over all. For the Pope (sayeth Suarez) dd-Suarez. defen▪ 3. 27 Th. Aquin. Ibid.hath the height of both powers, and is both high Priest and a temporall King. This is a stumbling blocke to hold infidell Princes from Christ: The Turks stumble at popish images: and at the Siege of Vien when their Canon brake in pieces, the images that were set on the wals, to ke…pe the Towne, they cryed with disdaine, Take vp the Christians gods: eeErasm. Enchirid.Their Transubstantiation is another stumbling block, whē in one houre, they will create, adore, and eate their god: And that made Averroes to cry, The Religion of the Iewes is —Religio Christian…rū impossibilium est anima me… a cum Philosophis.for Swine: The Religiō of Mahumetanes is for Chidren: The Religiō of Christans is of impossibilies: Therefore Anima mea cum Philosophis, my soule with the Philosophs. So this excommunicating, & killing of Kings, maketh infidell Princes abhorre Christianitie, whose first reward vnderunder the Pope would bee this base abusing. Therefore the Turk holdeth him with Mahumet, and though hee honour his Muffti, and vse his counsell in great matters, yet hee keepeth him alwayes subject to him in Civill things.

p. 22CHAP. VII. That Vsurpation now is the prime Article of their faith.

THis was some-tymes no Tenet of Doctrine, no not a Probleme in the Schools; yea when it began aaHac sol… novitas, non dicam haeresis, &c. Sigibert. Ann. 1088.Sigibert called it an Haeresie▪ It was not so much as res fidei, a matter of faith, but now it is made de fide, an article of faith and that not a commoun one, but caput fidei, an head article of faith. It is both their negatiue, and affirmatiue(c) Paganitatis crimen incurrit. Pelag. 1. Artic. 7▪ Qui Papaeprimatum negat peccat in Spi. sanctum. confession. Negatiue: If this proposition bee denyed, that the Pope may depose bbS… haec pro positio negatur, fides Catholica abi… ratur, Suarez Defens. 6▪ 8▪hereticall Kings, the Catholicke faith is abiured, said Suarez. And who deny this, falleth in Paganisme, and in the sinne against the holy Ghost, said Alvarez. Pelagius: It is their affirmatiue confession, because this is the maine and principall point of faith, sayeth the Cardinall ddBell. resp. ad Apol. p. 7 In hoc cardo totius controversie vertitur Suarez. defen. 321. 3. Eudaem. Apol. Garnet. c. 5and the chiefe hinger wherevpon all the contraversie turneth: And vnderunder the counterfitte name of Skulkenius, hee sayeth, that this Papall power is the hinger, the fundation; and in a word, the summe of Christian Faith. And Cardinall Peron in his diswasiue oration to the communalitie of France; calleth it the greatest matter, wherevpon the safetie of all Christendome dependeth eeIn qua salus totius orbis Christiani vertitur. Con tinuat. Thuā. lib. 8…. By this they measure their trustie Professours, what ever men hold or deny in other points, so that they maintaine this, all is well. But if they oppugne this, though they bee sound in other points, they are persecuted as Hereticks ffOnus Ec▪les. c. 15. …. 13▪. They charge vsus falsely, that we make our doctrine of Antichrist an expresse article of our Creede; but they hing all their Creede, and Faith vponupon it. And vponupon their grounds it may passe, since they make the Pope their Church. They obiect (sayeth Gretzer) that wee p. 23(g) Gregor. Defen. Bellarcall Papam Ecclesiam quid tum? non abnuo. What of that? I deny it not. And Ualentia hhIn secunda secunda.more posedly Nomine Ecclesiae intelligimus caput Ecclesiae, by the Name of the Church wee vnderstand the head of the Church. Since therefore they make their pretended head the Church, no wonder that the greatnesse of that Head bee the greatest articl…: yea, the summe of their whole Faith. And Baronius iiBaron, 849. n. 17a firmeth, that without obedience to this Head, neither Faith, nor good workes availe: And againe kkAnn. 504. n▪ 1. & 506. n. 11that even Arrian Princes prospered, when they obeyed the Pope. This Head is All to them: their Faith their Creede, the rule and cause of prosperitie, to blesse Hereticks, if they obey him, to damne the Faithfull, if they disobey him.

But seeing they will hauehave it an head article, wee aske in what Creede they finde it? It is neither in the Nicene, nor Athanasian Creede; neither in these larger formes, asBulla …ij 4 de form, Iuramēt Ierome wrote to Damasus, or Augustine to Laurentius, or Petrus Diaconus; neither in the Creede of the Apostles, which (crediblie) was written before Peters supposed comming to Rome, and containeth nothing of his Supremacie: Therefore they must come home to their Trent Creede, canonized by Pius the fourth.

This is their idole of Ecclesiasticke libertie, wherein though they speake diverselie, yet all runneth to a lawlesse licence: Sometimes they restraine it to Canonicke election of Prelats: Some times to the investures of benefices and immunities of the Cleargie: but Aventine aaTempus hoc opportunū ratus &c Avent. lib. 5 pag. 56 9.descriueth it more partiticularlie that Hildebrand was desirous to shake off the Emperours yoake, breake his authoritie, and turne all power to himselfe, and so to confirme the principalitie of the Pope. That there was nothing better, than to take away all feare▪ and bee affrayed of no man; and that hee might enioy the Ecclesiasticall libertie, and hauehave such an Emperour, whose forces hee feared no, as one that did reigne at the pleasure of the Pope. This is the first branch of it in his Securitie: p. 24The second is, in being terrible to others, that as hee feared not the Emperour, so although hee iniured him, yet the Emperour must bee affrayed of him bbEtiamsi injuria vel ipsum Casarem affecerit &c. Ibid p. 564. And Gerochus ccRomani rationem actorum reddere nolunt &c. A vent. l. 5. 563an eager defender of Hildebrand descryveth it more shortly. The Romaines (said hee) vsurpe divine honour, they will giuegive no reason for their doing, neither suffer they any man to say to them, why doe yee so? But vse that verse of the Poet, so I will, so I command, and let my will passe for a reason. But Hildebrand expoundeth it himselfe most cleerely, to bee a power to take away, and giuegive Impyres, Kingdomes, Principalities, and what ever mortall men may hauehave. ddImperiae,—& quicquid habere mortales possunt, auferre nos posse Plat. vit. Gregor. 7And what these proud words meaneth, hee exponeth it in his twentie seven Dictats, the hammers of all lawfull authoritie. And Vendramenus the Venitian defines it libertatem quodvis agendi & rapiendi impune, a libertie to doe and pull what they please. But seeing they must hauehave this Title of Head in their owne sense, let them hauehave it, as Aquinas calleth the Antichrist perfect, or an Head, quo modo dicimus perfectum latronum, as wee say, a Brigand is perfect: But there needeth no comparison where there is an Identitie.Tho. 3. sum. 3. 48. 8. Caejet. ibid.

Their Church cannot bee perfect in faith, that is ever parturiens, bring out new Articles of faith. Their Regulars hauehave latelie affirmed. Quod Regulares sint de herachia absolute—articulum fidei esse puto. But the Parisian Censur. Paris in prop. ex H… bern. Anno 1631.Divines hauehave censured it thus. Author novum eum que falsum fidei articulum fingit. And that same Sorbone, gaue the like censure against Becan, Bellarmine, Suarez, &c. in the point of the Popes headship. There is as much truth amongst themselues as to refute their new bredAzor. Instit part. 2. l▪ 5. c Alvar. Pelag de planct. Ecclesiae fol. 7 col. 4. Ibid. fol. 2— In omnibus. Per omnia. Ante omnia. Supra omnia. Articles of faith. Asorius is sufficient: Facta pontificum rem fidei non faciunt▪ faciunt tamen probabiliorem sententiam. If the Popes doing make not rem fidei a Matter of faith how can it make a thing de fide an Article of faith, and that a prime one.

I will close this point with Alvarez strange positions p. 25of this head. Maioritas Papae that the Popes greatnes is in all by all, before all, and aboue all Christians, This might suffice, but we shall hauehave more. Papa est Deus imperatoris, the Pope is the Emperours god. And yet more blasphemouslie, sicut Deus, as God cannot set a god aboue himselfe, so the Pope cannot set an equall to himselfe. These and other like blasphemies they suffer to stand in print, albeit they purge out better things by their Indices Expurgatorii: And when Paul the fift was latelie called, Vice-Deus a Vice-God by▪ Thomas Carafa and Benedictus, and offence was taken at these Titles by Plessie, and other Protestants;A… 160… the Consistorie tooke it in their considerations to moderate them: But the Pope stayed all moderation, and said, That no more was in these Titles, than agreed to Peters successour. Thus their Head is farre from found judgement, when hee will suffer no mitigation of the blasphemous titles of his Headship.

CHAP. VIII. That the end of the Popes Vsurpation is his Monarchie.

HIs end in all this Vsurpation is; hee will, hee must be a Monarch: At the beginning hee was subiect to Emperours as well as other men. aaPontifex ijs subjectu… e…at non minus quam cateri▪ homines. Bell. Rom. Pontif. 2. 29.As the Popes submissiue and humble Letters to Princes beares, as shall bee seene heereafter. Next they aspired to an equalitie, as Symmachus with the Emperour Anastasius▪ Ita que non dicam superior, cer…è aqualis honor est, I will not say, it is a superiour, but certainelie it is an equall honour. But they knew that Equalitie of power cannot well stand▪ therefore they ascended[b] Symmachus Biblioth. Pa…r. Tom. 3. col. 195. in end to a Superioritie. So Gregorie the seventh to Henrie the fourt. And Hadrian to Friderick, who was p. 26angrie that hee preferred his name to his: This was farre from Gregorie the first, who reproved a noble woman for calling her selfe his hand-maide. ccGregor. l. 9. Epist. 28For this cause they are not content with the Myter as Church-men, but weare the Crowne, which they call Regnum. ddInnocent. 3. Serm. 1. Sigibert…an 550And Hildebrand hath decreede, Quod solus Papa potest vti imperialibus insignibus: That the Pope alone may vse imperiall Ensignes: And hee hath a triple Crowne, to tell that hee is greater than all the Kings of the Earth in glorie and authoritie. eeMerito tri plicem▪ coronā capiti aptavit &c Vestan▪ pag 186This they make plainer by a strange collation, making themselues to bee all, and Kings but as cyphers: For temporalis potestas est in Rege, ut administrante: But they put it in the Pope in fiue respects: ffBellar, Rom. Pont. l. 5. c. 5. & 7The first, as in conferente, by Election. Next as in confirmante, by Coronation. The next three, as in iudicante, dirigente, & corrigente, or in respect of his administration; And what is that one small entres, in respect of these fiue, in the hand of an vsurping and emulous power? And Marta ggMarta jur…sd part▪ 1. c. 21. n. 29. Ipse est quasi Rex Schacharum.calleth them, but Ciphers indeed affirming that the Greeke Emperour is but as the Kings of the Chesse, having nothing but names and titles without the Pope. That is, except they hold and keepe their Crownes of him, they are but as Chesse-men to bee placed or displaced at his pleasure.

But how can hee clame a Kingdome as Christs Successour, seeing Christ said to Pilate, My Kingdome is not of this world? And when the people would hauehave made him a Io. 6. August. ibid. Tract. 25. Am l. 5. Epist. 33John 6King, hee fled, and hid himselfe. And when Sathan offered him all the Kingdomes of the earth he refused. The Pope must seeke another Precedent then Christ, to proue the lawfulnes of his Kingdome. And another author than God, to wit, the Prince of the World whom Christ refused, But the Pope hath taken him at his Word, and fulfilled the condition of worshipping him; in respect1 Cor. 81 Cor 8 that idolatrie whereof hee is the Father and Foster in Europe, is a worshipping of devils.

p. 27Their owne confession is sufficient for vsus: Christ as a mortall man had not a temporall Kingdome, neither hath the pope as Christs Vicar any such a kingdome. aaChrist… non habuit vl… lum temporale…egnum, &c Bellar. Rom. Pont. l. 5. c. 4In respect then of all this proud Vsurpation against Gods word, right, & Conscience, it was no wonder that their famous Painter Raphael Urbinas painted S. Peter, and S. Paul too rudie, and beeing asked, why hee did so? Hee answered, That hee keeped the decorum of his craft, for hee was assured that now they were blushing in Heaven at the wickednesse of their Successours on Earth. And a Frier, preaching before the Pope and his Cardinals, when hee saw their pompe and glorie, said nothing in the Pulpet, but repeated these words Phy Peter▪ phy Paul: And beeing demanded what hee meaned thereby? answeared, That hee thought Peter and Paul were sillie men, who ranne through the world preaching in great distresse, whereas their Successours equalled and excee…ed Kings in ease, wealth, and honour. But if that Pope had knowne the late Divinitie, hee might hauehave answered, that scoffing Frier with Bellarmine bbBellar▪ Recog. pag. 21 Pascere est re… gi… more imperare.That to to feede Christs Flocke is not to preach like Apostles, but to rule as Kings: Therefore Spalato calleth it miri…icum pasce a wonderfull pasce that admittteth so many diverse and contrar senses. It is to them as the Philosophers stone turning all mettals in gold: There is neither Heresie nor tyrannie, but it is turned in truth and equitie, so soone as it is touched with this wonderfull Pasce.

They mynde nothing but a Kingdome, therefore the Miter is called Regnum and Peters priviledges, Petri regalia. This is the extract of old Rome, who ccRomanis proprium est libido dominandi. Aug. …ivit. 1. 33 Ibid. lib. 1. c. 1were caryed with desire of Governement, and yet that same desire ruled over them, and made them slaues: So the later Rome are slaues to their owne pride, and verifie Chams curse in the Pope, Servant of Servants, while his ambitiō commandeth him. Heerein hee loseth more than hee gain…th, while hee turneth from Spirituall things to temporall p. 28and falleth in that shamefull change, whereof Bernard speaketh, bbTurpis est mutatio a coelestibus ad ter rena Bernard Cant ser. 35that to change from heavenly to earthly things, is vyle. Hee knew the Romane pride by their pulse, when hee feared that the desire of reigning would pervert him ccBernard. Consid. lib. 3 Matth 6Matt 6. In their speculations, they make the spirituall state a substantiue and the temporall state, an adiectiue vponupon Christs words, ista adijcientur vobis, these things shall bee casten to you. And Carerius thinketh it a good argument, for exalting the Pope aboue Princes: But heere they turne the Adiectiue in a Substantiue, when they lay a…side Spiritualitie for Temporalitie: And Alvarez Pelagius ddAlvar. Pe lag. 1. 62. fol. 58. Planum est in terdicitur do minatus.said, that as Christ had Divinitie and Humanitie so the Pope had Spiritualitie and Temporalitie. Why then forsaketh hee that Divinitie, and turneth all humane? Bernard told, that Domination was forbidden them: And Ambrose eePurpura Imperatorem decet. &c. Ambros. lib 5 Epist. 33 Anima humana &c. August. Epist. 1. 19. cap. 5 Th…los. Syntag. 1827that the Purpure set the Emperour, but not the Priest: And in another place, that Impyres were rather given by Priests, than vsurped. Saint Austins Allegorie of the Moone agreeth to them: The foolish is changed as the Moone, for when mans soule falleth from the Sunne of Righteousnesse, it turneth all its force on earthly things: Let them ly still on the earth, to the which they cl…ue.

But if hee must bee an Emperour, and so called, let him hauehave it in the true Notion. Plinie sayeth, that hee is an Emperour who hath slaine many with his owne hands. And Cicero conformely, that hee is an Emperour, who hath killed one thousand, or two thousand with his owne hand: And Uarro defineth an Emperour, who oppresseth his Enimyes. According to these notions wee grant him to bee an Emperour, for after Uarro, hee oppresseth all his Gainsayers, and over-reacheth Plinie and Ciceroes definition, because hee boasteth of it, as a priviledge, that hee may cary Dist… 40 c. 5 S… Papa.millions of Soules to hell without controlment. Heerein he is worse than the Frank… arbitrians; for they pleade libertie to runne to hell alone, but hee caryeth millions with p. 29him. Such a roving commeth of his pride, but Gods providence made them choose such an instance of the carying of so many Soules, that they might reveale the Trueth in the fume of a volant discourse, for hee doeth so indeede as hee boasteth. But hee shall finde an answere from Aponius, Ante Tribunal aeterni Iudicis, tantarum animarum sacrilegio condemnabitur: Hee shall bee damned for the losse Apo…. in C…t lib. 1 Aug. Civit. 4. 23.of so many Soules, before the Tribunal of God.

Saint Austine noteth, that old Rome did not count felicitie for a Goddesse before Lucullus tyme: when their civile happinesse gote a deadly wound, by Sylla and Marius strife, they smoothed that reall miserie, with that imaginarie Goddesse. So when Hildebrands pride had overthrowne the peace of Church and State, hee soothed all with the name of a Kingdome, and Ecclesiastick libertie.