Rules of Construction in English Grammar, Part 24
A place, or the caſe wherein ſuch names of places as are either nounes common, or nounes proper, ſhallbe put after verbes.
The conſtruction of common names of places, or proper names of countries. Sometimes, but very ſeldome theſe nounes are put without a praepoſition.NOunes appellatiues, or names of great places, be put with a prepoſition, if they follow a verbe that ſignifieth in a place, to a place, from a place, or by a place: as Viuo in Anglia, I liue in England. Veni per Galliam in Italiam, I came through France into Italie. Proficiſcor ex vrbe, I go foorth of the citie.
Héere are thrée examples of this rule. The two firſt are of proper names of countries, and the third is of a common name of a place.
The examples applied.In the firſt example, Vino in Anglia, this word Anglia being the proper name of a great place or countrie, is put with the prepoſition in, in the ablatiue caſe ſignifieng in a place, after the verbe viuo, by this rule.
In the ſecond example, Veni per Galliam in Italiam, the word Galliam ſignifieng a great place or countrie, is put with the prepoſition per in the accuſatiue caſe after the verbe veni ſignifieng going by a place, by this rule, and ſo is Italiam with the prepoſition in put into the accuſatiue caſe, being the name of a country, and folowing the ſame verbe ſignifieng to a place, by the ſame rule.
In the third example, Proficiſcor ex vrbe, the word vrbe being a noune appellatiue, or common name of a place, is put in the ablatiue caſe with a prepoſition ex after the verbe proficiſcor, ſignifieng the going from a place, by this rule.
A note for the better vnderſtanding of this rule.Héere note, that by nouns appellatiues in this rule is ment nounes common, ſignifieng the names of places, as a citie, a country, a towne, an iland, the market, the church, the ſchoole, and ſuch like. And by names of great places are vnderſtood the proper names of Countries and Ilands, as France, Italie, Spaine, Scotland, England, and ſuch like: for the proper names of ſmaller places, as cities, townes, and villages belong to the rules following.
The proper names of cities or townes in the genitiue caſe. The examples applied.In a place or at a place, if the place be a proper name, and of the firſt or ſecond declenſion, and ſingular number, it ſhall be put in the genitiue caſe: as, Vixit Londini, he liued at London. Studuit Oxoniae, he ſtudied at Oxford.Sometimes the names of Ilands are found alſo in the genitiue caſe, but not vſually.
This rule hath two examples. In the firſt, Vixit Londini, the word Londini being the proper name of a citie, ſignifieng in or at a place, and being alſo of the ſecond declenſion, and ſingular number, it is put in the genitiue caſe, by this rule.
In the ſecond example, Studuit Oxoniae, the word Oxoniae ſignifieng in a place or at a place, being the name of a citie, and of the firſt declenſion, and ſingular number, is put in the genitiue caſe, by this rule.
Humi, domi, militiae, belli.And theſe nounes, Humi, on the ground, domi, at home, militiae, at warfare, belli, at war, be likewiſe vſed, that is, after verbes ſignifieng in a place or at a place, they are put for the moſt part in the genitiue caſe, like as the proper names of places in the rule before going: as, Procumbit humi bos, The oxe lieth on the ground. Militiae enutritus eſt, He was brought vp in warfare. Domi, belli que ocioſi viuitis, Ye liue idlie both at home and in war.
The examples applied.In theſe thrée examples, humi in the firſt, Militiae in the ſecond, domi and belli in the third, are put in the genitiue caſe, like as if they were proper nounes belonging to the former rule, by this rule.
Proper names of places, in the datiue, or ablatiue caſe.But if the place be of the third declenſion, or of the plurall number, it ſhall be put in the datiue, or in the ablatiue caſe: as Militauit Carthagini, or Carthagine, He ſerued in the wars at Carthage. Athenis natus eſt, He was borne at Athens.
The examples applied.This rule hath two examples. In the firſt, Militauit Carthagini, vel Carthagine, the word Carthagini being the proper name of a citie, and ſignifieng at or in a place, bicauſe it is the third declenſion, is put in the datiue caſe by this rule, or you may ſay it by the ablatiue caſe Carthagine, thus, Militauit Carthagine, by the ſame rule.
In the ſecond example, Athenis natus eſt, the word Athenis being the proper name of a citie, and betokening in or at a place, bicauſe it is the plurall number is put in the datiue or ablatiue caſe, by this rule.
Ruri or rure.Likewiſe we vſe this word ruri or rure, betokening in or at a place, in the datiue or ablatiue caſe, as in this example: Ruri or rure educatus eſt, He was brought vp in the countrie.
Proper names in the accuſatiue caſe.To a place, if the place be a proper name, it ſhall be put in the accuſatiue caſe, without a prepoſition: as, Eo Romam, I go to Rome.
The example applied.In this example this word Romam being the proper name of a citie, and ſignifieng to a place, is put in the accuſatiue caſe without a prepoſition, by this rule. But ſomtimes it is alſo put in the accuſatiue caſe with a prepoſition, but very ſeldome, and then rather to be marked than followed.
Domus & rusSo alſo are theſe words domus and rus ſignifieng to a place put in the accuſatiue caſe: as Confero me domum, I go home. Recipio me rus, I go into the countrie.
The examples applied.In this rule are two examples. In the firſt Confero me domum, the word domum betokening to a place is put in the accuſatiue caſe by this rule.
In the ſecond Recipio me rus, the word rus ſignifieng to a place, is put in the accuſatiue caſe alſo by the ſame rule.
Proper names of places in the ablatiue caſe.From a place, or by a place, if the place be a proper name, it ſhal be put in the ablatiue caſe without a prepoſition, and ſomtime in the accuſatiue caſe with a prepoſition betokening by or through a place: as, Profectus eſt Londino (vel per Londinum) Cantabr…am, He went from London, or by London to Cambridge. In this example Londino, the proper name of a citie, and ſignifieng from a place, is put in the ablatiue caſe without a prepoſition, by this rule, and it may alſo with the prepoſition per, be put in the accuſatiue caſe, Per Londinū.ſignifieng by or through a place, by the ſame rule, and the like is to be ſaid of all ſuch other examples.
Domus & rusDomus and rus be likewiſe vſed in the ablatiue caſe ſignifieng from a place: as, Abijt domo, He went from home. Rure reuerſus eſt, He returned from the countrie. The examples applied.In which two examples domo in the firſt, and rure in the ſecond both ſignifieng from a place, are put in the ablatiue caſe by this rule.