Queries Propounded to the Bowers, Title page – Errata
CERTAINE QVAERES propounded to the Bowers at the NAME OF IESVS and to the Patrons thereof.
Wherein the Authorities, and Reasons alleadged by Bishop Andrewes and his Followers, in defence of this Ceremony, are briefly examined and refuted; the Mistranslation of Phil. 2.10.11. cleared, and that Text, with others acquitted both from commanding or authorizing this Novell Ceremony, here gived to be unlawfull in sundry respects.
Colossians. 2.8. Beware lest any man spoyle you through Philosophie and Vaine deceit, after the tradition of men, after the Rudiments of the World, and not after Christ:
Mathew: 15.9. But in vaine doe they worship me, teaching for doctrines the Commandements of men.
Isaiah. 1.12. When ye come to appeare before me, who hath required this at your hand?
Brentius in Levit. c. 17. Hypocritae observantes Sacra sine Verbo Dei instituta, tunc pessimi sunt, hoc est, peccatores & homicidae, cum sibi optimi & religiosissimi videntur.
The fourth Edition corrected.
In the Yeare M.DC.XXXVI.
The Publisher to the Reader.
CHristian Reader, the strang violent late proceedings, both of our High Commissions in their Commission Courts, and of our Bishops and their Visitors in their unwarrantable Visitations, upon Canons Oathes and Articles of their owne forging, printed on their owne Names, without any commission at all from his Majesty under his great Seale, (contrary to the statutes of 25. H. 8. c. 19.21.26. H. 8. c. 1.31. H. c. 26.37. H. 8. c. 17.1. Ed. 6. c. 2.1. Eliz. c. 1.2.5. Eliz. c. 1.8. Eliz. c. 1.13. Eliz: c. 12. with other statutes and to their owne 12. Canon.) Yea contrary to the statute of Magna Charta c. 19. and the late Petition of Right, now layd a sleepe;) hath occasioned me to sett forth another impression of these Quaeres, wherein all the whole controversie concerning the Bowing of the name of Iesus in time of Divine service and sermon,, is summarily Discussed; which Quaeres I would desire our Commissioners, Bishops and Visitors to resolve and Answer in a satisfactory manner (which yet they have not done,) before they violently without Law, reason, or lawfull authority, silence, suspend, present, excommunicate, fine, deprive, or imprison any of their Fellow-Brethren, or vex any of his Majesty Subjects; (as they have of late molested many) either for omitting, or speaking against this Ceremony. It is the duty of all good Prelates, first to instruct and informe mens consciences and judgment with the *Gal. 6.1. 2. Tim. 2.25. Col. 3.12.13.14.spirit of meeknesse, in such Ceremonies which they have good cause to deeme unlawfull for them to use, before they urge them with violence to the practice of them, or rigidly proceed against them in judgment for omitting them. This they have not hitherto sufficiently done, in case of this much urged Ceremony, pressing it only by Club-law, without reason or moderation. Let them therefore now satisfie these, their weake Brethrens Quaeres, if they can; or else cease to molest them, or urge this Ceremony longer, if they cannot doe it; since their great Guide Bishop Andrewes, though in other things famous for his learning and Iudgement; is doubles miserablie mistaken in this particular, and can noe longer patronize either his owne, or this their cause, as these Quaeres will demonstrate, having so oft times passed abrode in print without resolution.
Vale.
A PREFACE.
FOr the better clearing of this ceremony to be no duty of this text of Phil. 2.10.11. be pleased in briefe to take notice of these foure particulars: First, what the Fathers (whom *Page 84.85, 86.110 unto 141. None of the Fathers tell us (writes he) that this reverence of bowing the knee is to be done at the name of Iesus, neither is there ANY expresse or full authority in them Therefore all that I strive for is that the Fathers by their expositions of this text do not crosse and contradict that meaning which our Church doth seeme to gather out of it. In a word, I labour not that the fathers should bee fully for me, but I hope to make good that they are not against me. I desire in this matter to have them lookers on: So he against Bp. Andrewes and others, who say all the fathers are for them, that is, not for, but against them.Mr. Page confesseth not to bee for this ceremony) generally interpret to be the name above every name mentioned in this text. Very many of thē interpret it to be nothing else, but the very name of God, and Deity of Christ it selfe. So Tertullian de Trinitate. lib. Tom. 2. p. 261.262, Athanasius de Incarnatione Christi Contr. Apollinarium. p. 271. C. Hilary in Psa. 2. p. 196 H Ambrose, Rabanus Maurus, & Iohn Salisburie on Phil. 2.9, 10. Dionysius Alexandrinus Epist. Contr. Paulum Samosatenum Bibl. Patr. Tom. 3. p. 74.75. Titus Bostrensis in cap. 1. Evang. Lucae. Ibid. Tom. 4. p. 339. E. Idacius advers. Varimadum. lib. Ibid. p. 622. a. Caesarij Dialog. 1. p. 650. Basilius Magnus de Spiritu Sancto ad Amphil. c. 8. Tom. 1. p. 180. Cyrillus Alexandrinus in Esayam l. 5. Tom. 1. p. 362. E.F. in Ioannis Evang. l. 11. c. 17. p. 666. c. 20. p. 669. a. c. 22. p. 670. D.E. Thesauri. l. 13. Tom. 2. p. 270. E.F. Agobardus ad Ludovicum Imp. Bibl. Patrum. Tom. 9. pars 1. p. 556. g. h. Paschatius Ratbertus in Matth. Evan. lib. 10. Ibid. pars 2. p. 1156. b. c. lib. 11. p. 1177. b. Exposit. in Psal. 44. p. 1249. G. Ioannis Cyperis. de Inform. divini nominis. cap. 11. Ibid. Tom. 11. p. 499. E. Paulus Aquiliensis Patr. Cont. Felicem Vrgelium Epist. l. 2. Aquinas 3 *Apud Alchuvini Opera. col. 1830.1831.part. qu. 49. Art. 6. Conclusio. Alexander Alensis Theol. Summa. pars 1. qu. 21. m. 1. Artic. 4. together with Chytraeus Postil. in Domin. Palmarum. pag. 160, Zanchius in Phil. 2.9, 10. and other moderne Expositors. Other Fathers and Writers interpret it, to be the name of the onelyonly naturall begotten Sonne of God. Thus Hierom, Theodoret, Sedulius, Remigius, Beda, Haymo, Theophylact, Anselme, and Oecumenius on Phil. 2.10, 11. Basil de Spirit. Sancto. c. 8, Tom. 1. p. 180. Augustine Contr Maximinum, l. 2. c. 2. Sancti Procli Sermo in Transfig. Christi. Bibl. Patr. Tom. 1. pars 1. p. 536. C. Etherij & Beati. l. 1. Ibid. Tom. 8. p. 342. Musculus, Aretius, Zanchius, with other late Expositors. Others interpret this name to bee nothing else, but the Glory, Fame, Lordship, Soveraignty, and universal dominion and Majesty of Christ. So Chrysostom & Theodoret, in Phil, 2. Petrus Blesensis Serm. 46. Bibl. Patr. Tom. 11. pars 1. p. 210. C. and others of old. Olevian, Musculus, Gualther, Marlorat, Dr. Ayray, Bishop Babington, and the whole streame of moderne interpriters. Others refer this text to his name Christ, as Paschatius Ratbertus Exposit. in Psal. 44. pag. 1246. g. Paulinus Epist. ad Augustinū, Bibl. Patr. Tom 5. pars 1. p. 210. e
Secondly, What they meane by bowing the knee. Not any actuall bowing of the knee in this life, at the sound, sight, or hearing of the Name Iesus; but a Vniversall subjection of all creatures to the Soveraigne Lordship, judicature and supreme power of Christ, especially at the day of judgement, when this text shall be onelyonly actually, litterally, and really fulfilled. This all the Fathers and Writers quoted in the Appendix, Lame Giles, and premises, and all the Authors extant that I have seene, accord to bee the genuine, true, undoubted meaning. Bishop Andrewes, Dr. Boyes, and Mr. Page himselfe confessing it.
Thirdly, To what this bowing must be given by the Fathers verdict: Not to the name Iesus, but immediately to Christ himselfe. Hence Hierom Com. l. 3. in Isayam 45. Gregory Nyssen de Anima & Resurrect. disp. p. 104.212. Ambros. Enar. in Psal. 118. Octon. 20. Hilari de Trinitate lib. p. 64. Chrysost. Hom. 32. in 1 Cor. 12. Fulgentius Object. Arrianorum discus. pag. 204. Cyrillus Alexandrinus de Incarnatione Vnigeniti. c. 11.26. Hypolitus de Consummat. Mundi & Antichristo. Orat. Bibl. Patr. Tom. 3 p. 17. b. Dionysius Alexandrinus. Contr. Paulū Samosatenum. Ib. p. 74. b. Prosper Exposit. in Ps. 102. f. 236. a. Paulinus Epist. ad Apiū. Bibl. Patr. Tom. 5. pars 2. p. 187. b. Sancti Procli Sermo in transfig. Christi, Ibid. p. 335. E. Arnobius Com. in Psa. 64. Bibl. Patr. pars 3. p. 262. a. Agobardus ad Lud. Imper. Ibi. Tom. 9. pars 1. p. 556. g. Angelomi Strom. in l. Regum. 2. c. 12. p. 740, E. Damascen Orthodoxae fidei. l. 3. c. 29. p. 433. C. Simeon Thess. Archiepiscopi de divino Templo Bibl. Patr. Tom. 12. pars 1. p. 880. C. Petrus Blesensis de Transfig. Dom Ibid. pars 2. p. 915. b. Nicholaus Cabasila de Vita in Christo. l. 6, Ibid. Tom. 14. p. 127. Papa Innocentius 5. in Circumcis. Dom. Sermo. Tom. 1. p. 95. de Contemptu Mundi. l. 2. c. 15. p. 445. with Brentius in Phil. 2. 9.10. and sundry others joyntly render and read this text; Mihi, ipsi, ei, illi, or coram illo flectotur omne genu, &c. not in nomine, or ad nomen Iesu: to testifie, that this bowing of the knee in the text shall be given, not to, or at the name Iesus; but to the very person of Christ himselfe. So Isay 45.23. & Rom. 14.9.10, 11. expresly resolve. As I live saith the LORD, every knee shall bow to ME, and every tongue shall confesse to GOD. No colour therefore is there in this text for bowing at, or to the name IESUS, but onelyonly to IESUS HIMSELFE, when we shall all joyntly appeare before his Tribunall. The rather, because bIn Isalam l. 5. ca. 55. Tom. 1. p. 362. E. In Ioannis Evang. l. 11. c. 17. p. 666 de Incarn Vnigeniti. c. 11. p. 114 Dialog. de Trinit. l. 3 p. 270. a.St. Cyril of Alexandria, reads it thus. Vt in nomine Iesu Christi omne genu se flectat, coupling Christ and Iesus together, and making one as much the name in the text as the other. The cSurius Concil. Tom. 3, p. 274.Councell of Franckford upon the Mane under Adrian the first, reads it thus. Cessate cum adoptiuum nominare, qui verus Deus. Et verus Dei filius; in cujus nomine omne genu flectitur, &c. dBibl. Patrū. Tom. 3. p. 75. b.Dionysius Alexandrinus Epist. Contr. Paulum Samos. reads it thus. Vt in nomine ejus omne genu flectatur. Arnobius Can. in Psal. 88. thus. Ego primogenitum, ponam eum, ut in nomine ejus omne genu flectatur. eBibl. Patrū. Tom. 5. pars 3. p. 277. b.Angelomus in his Strom. in l. 3. Regum c. 8. thus. Christo enimpropter gloriosae meritum passionis datum est nomen quod est super omne nomen: ut in nomine ejus omne genu flectatur, &c. fBibl. Patrū. Tom. 9. pars 1. p. 770. b.Paschatius Ratbertus in Matth l. 11. thus: Et donavit illi nomen quod est super omne nomen, ut in nomine DOMINI, omne genu flectetur, &c. All which antiquities overthrow this bowing at the name Iesus.
Fourthly, when and where this bowing shall be. Hypolitus de Consummat. mundi Orat.gBibl. Patrū. Tom. 9. pars 2. p. 1156. b. Ephraim Syrus de Apparit. Crucis temp. Iudicij p. 230. & 703. hBibl. Patrū. Tom. 5. pars 1. p. 924.Gregentius Archiepisc. Tephensis Disp. cum Herbano Iudaeo. iBibl. Patrū. Tom. 12. pars 1. p. 880.Simeon Thes. Arch. de divino Templo. Isiodor Hisp. Com. in Gen. c. 30. p. 301. in direct termes, to omit all others. Bp. Alley, Bp. Babington, Dr. Fulke, Dr. Willet, Dr. Boyes, Dr. Ayray, in their places hereafter cited, and the whole current of Expositors, expresly conclude, That it shall bee onelyonly in the generall Day of Iudgement, for time; before Christs tribunall, for place, when and where all things in Heaven, earth, and under the earth shall stand before his Iudgement Seate, and there cast themselves downe joyntly before him, confessing him with one consent to be their Soveraigne Lord, and calling him their LORD. This lPage 73.74, 75, 80 81.Mr. Page himselfe, and all our Antagonists doe and must confesse to be the time and place of this genuflection, prophecied of rather than prescribed, or now commanded in this text: Since Isay 45.23. Rom. 14.9, 10, 11. Matth. 7.21, 22, 23. cap. 25.31, 32, 33, 34, 37, 41, 44, 46. Revel. 5.13, 14, 15. cap. 7.11, 12. Iohn 5.22, 23, 27, 28, 29. Acts 2.34.36. cap. 10.36. and other texts in the 1. and 7. Quaere thus determine it, past all dispute. Hence then I thus argue.
If the name above every name, in which all knees must bow, mentioned in this text of Phil. 2.10.11. bee not the name Iesus; the bowing of the knee, no litterall actuall present genus…ection, but only the generall subjection of all creatures in Heaven, earth, & under the earth to …he very person of Christ as their LORD, not to or at his name Iesus; and that at the generall Day of Iudgement before Christs owne Tribunall, not in time of Divine Service or Sermons here on earth; then this bowing at the name Iesus, neither is nor can be mThis Mr. Page confesseth. p. 2.5, 73, 74, 75, &c. the later part of whose booke is a confutation of the …ormer in all Scholl…rs judgement, whereupon it was called in by the Bishops, and not answered.a duty warranted, much lesse prescribed by this text.
But all this is apparant by the premised Fathers and Authorities.
Therefore the conclusion undeniable, maugre all the late ridiculous Pamphlets and passages to the contrary, of Widdowes, Shelford, Page, Heylyn, Wr…n, Re…ve, Moun…ague, Pocklington, Browne, Reede, Adams, a Coale from the Altar, Bishop White, or any other, who babble and scribble much in the Iesuits and Papists words, but prove nothing at all by Scripture or Antiquity for this Ceremonies use or lawfulnesse, or new duty of the text, now so much urged every where, point-blank against Iohn 5.23. That all men should honour the Sonne, even as …hey honour the Father. But no men honour the Father thus in bowing at the recitall of his name. Therefore they ought not thus to honour the Sonne.
Courteous R…ader, that the Aut…or without whose privity these and other Impressions have beene published may not suffer by mine or the Printers negligence, pray correct these following errors which corrupt the sence, ere thou read the Treatise.
In the Title, 1, 9. f gived, r. proued. p. 1. l. 16. f. Mat 20. r. 25 p. 2 l. 1. foreign. l. 14. an interrogation point is wanting before; whether. l. 19. counted, r. corrupted. l. 22. contemne, r. confirme. p. 3. l. 23. As it is not, r… as it? If not… p. 4. l. …. that of, &c. r. yet it is. l. 22. as, r or. p. 5. l 13. the… r. they. p… 8. l. 3. Clichtouius. l. 21. Alcuvinus. p, 9. l. 30. added, r. adored. p 10. l. 29. worship, r. worshipping. l. 21. Romish, r. Rhemist…. p. 11. l. 19. r. it can. l. 33… r. person. p. 12. l. 3. they, r. th…. p. 13. l. 31. hath, r. had. p. 14. l. 10. blot out, that reverence to him. l. 28. person, r. reason. pag 16. l. 31. Statutes, r. Stationes. pag… 17. l. 4. use, r. used. l. 27. r. of a. p. 19. l. 35. certi…ie, r. justifi… pag. 20. l. 28… r… Altar-wise. p. 23. l. 24. r. this Statute. p. 25. l. 19. blot out since. l. 21. them. r. Her. p. 28. l. 2. of, r… at. p. 30. l. 15. at, r… ad. pag. 36. l. thing, r. Church. pag. 37. l. 7. 4. r. 1. l 15. Matth. 28. p. 39. l. 19.3. r. 31. pag. 40 l. 16 here, r. where… p. 41. l. 6. the, r… thi… to it to. In the margin, p. 4 l. …3. r. Phil. p. 10. l. 12. Vshers. p. 21. l… 6. Har. 28. p. 16. l. 40. r. Turonense. l. 4. r. Pro. l… 42. r. Cent. cir…a orationem. pag. 18. l. 7. inferred, r. referred. p. 20. l. 40. r. Molanus. l. 41. r. Horae, &c. Hist. l. 40. r. secundum usum Sarum. p. 21. l. 39. r. Spec. f. Brige, r. Being. p. 24. l. blot out 3. Hen… 2. c. Iurisdiction… pag. 38. l. 38. curvab…tur. l. 40. r. con…itebitur. p. 39. l 20. r… inimici… l. 34. Simeon. Omission. pag. 24. l. 8. r. bonnet at the naming of Iesus.